Traumatic Hip Dislocation: Pediatric and Adult Evaluation and Management.

Traumatic hip dislocation of a native hip joint represents an orthopaedic emergency that should be treated promptly. Dislocations can be classified based on the associated injuries and the direction of dislocation. Expeditious evaluation, reduction, and management of associated injuries are required to optimize short and long-term function of the hip.

Body mass index in relation to symptom presentation on diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis in children.

Background: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) among children is not well characterized.

Objective: To evaluate the presentations of EoE in pediatric patients of different weight classes.

Methods: Records of newly diagnosed children with EoE at an academic center from 2015 to 2018 were evaluated regarding demographics, symptom presentation, and endoscopic findings and compared among the underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups.

Multiligamentous Knee Injuries: Acute Management, Associated Injuries, and Anticipated Return to Activity.

Multiligamentous knee injuries (MLKIs) are devastating injuries. The energy and severity of these injuries encompass a wide range from low-energy single-joint mechanisms to high-energy polytrauma settings. Currently, there is no consensus on surgical treatment approach, surgical timing, or the return to preinjury activity levels after injury.

Basic symptoms of schizophrenia are related to symptoms of traumatic stress: A pivotal role of sensitization. An observational study.

Introduction: Subjective cognitive deficits have been broadly reported in schizophrenia and described by Huber as basic symptoms. It remains unclear however to what extent they may be related to psychosocial stressors including trauma.

Methods: We assessed basic symptoms using the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ) in a sample of 40 patients with schizophrenia.

Psychosocial Stress, Epileptic-Like Symptoms and Psychotic Experiences.

Background: Current research suggests that stressful life experiences and situations create a substantive effect in the development of the initial manifestations of psychotic disorders and may influence temporo-limbic epileptic-like activity manifesting as cognitive and affective seizure-like symptoms in non-epileptic conditions.

Methods: The current study assessed trauma history, hair cortisol levels, epileptic-like manifestations and other psychopathological symptoms in 56 drug naive adult young women experiencing their initial occurrence of psychosis.

Results: Hair cortisol levels among patients experiencing their initial episode of psychosis, were significantly correlated with stress symptoms measured by Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 ( = - 0.

Biofilm Management in Wound Care.

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the basics of biofilm infection and be able to distinguish between planktonic and biofilm modes of growth. 2.

Longitudinal assessments of therapeutic alliance predict work performance in vocational rehabilitation for persons with schizophrenia.

Objectives: To promote functional recovery in persons diagnosed with a psychotic disorder, vocational interventions have emerged over the last few decades which range from sheltered employment to supported employment in the community.

Design: Using data from a 6-month vocational rehabilitation programme, we examined whether assessments of the therapeutic alliance were related to the quality of work performed in this work placement. Our first hypothesis was that stronger alliances would be related to better work performance.

Longitudinal changes in therapeutic alliance with people with psychosis: Relationship between client and therapist assessments.

Although the clinical significance of therapeutic alliance with people with psychosis is well established, the agreement between client and therapist assessments of therapeutic alliance and the longitudinal changes of both assessments have been rarely addressed. The current study examined client and therapist assessments of therapeutic alliance longitudinally and sought to determine whether insight and severity of symptoms moderated the degree to which therapist and client assessments were in agreement with one another. Forty-five participants diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and their therapists were administered a therapeutic alliance questionnaire (Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form) monthly for 6 months.

It's all in the milk: chondroitin sulfate as potential preventative therapy for necrotizing enterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition affecting up to 5% of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. Risk factors include preterm delivery, low birth weight, and antibiotic use. The pathogenesis is characterized by a combination of intestinal ischemia, necrosis of the bowel, reperfusion injury, and sepsis typically resulting in surgical resection of afflicted bowel.

Intrauterine Vacuum-Induced Hemorrhage-Control Device for Rapid Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an intrauterine vacuum-induced hemorrhage-control device for postpartum hemorrhage treatment.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective, single-arm treatment study of a novel intrauterine device that uses low-level vacuum to induce uterine myometrial contraction to achieve control of abnormal postpartum uterine bleeding and postpartum hemorrhage was undertaken at 12 centers in the United States. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the proportion of participants in whom use of the intrauterine vacuum-induced hemorrhage-control device controlled abnormal bleeding without requiring escalating interventions.

The centrality of cognitive symptoms and metacognition within the interacting network of symptoms, neurocognition, social cognition and metacognition in schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia involves a range of interrelated impairments in functioning due to symptoms and deficits in varying domains of cognition including neurocognition, social cognition and metacognition. Yet little is known whether certain symptoms or cognitive impairments play a more central role than others. To explore, we conducted a network analysis of five types of symptoms, six domains of neurocognition and multiple aspects of both social cognition and metacognition.

Promoting recovery from severe mental illness: Implications from research on metacognition and metacognitive reflection and insight therapy.

Research indicates that individuals with schizophrenia recover. Recovery, however means different things to different individuals and regardless of what kind of experiences define recovery, the individual diagnosed with the serious mental illness must feel ownership of their recovery. This raises the issue of how mental health services should systematically promote recovery.

d-Cycloserine enhances durability of social skills training in autism spectrum disorder.

Background: d-Cycloserine (DCS) enhances extinction learning across species, but it has proven challenging to identify consistent benefit of DCS when added to therapeutic interventions. We conducted a placebo-controlled trial of DCS to potentiate social skills training in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but found substantial improvement in both the DCS and placebo groups at the conclusion of active treatment. Here, we assess the impact of DCS 11 weeks following active treatment to evaluate the impact of DCS on treatment response durability.

Management of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters That Erode Into Bowel: Two Pediatric Case Reports and a Review of the Literature.

Erosion of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters into the intestine is a rare complication of PD. Herein, we convey the first reports of 2 pediatric patients undergoing PD who were found to have the catheter eroding into their intestines. They were treated minimally with catheter removal and antibiotics.

A randomized trial to assess advancement of enteral feedings following surgery for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Purpose: The rate of feeding advancement following surgery for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) affects length of stay. We hypothesized that: 1) a relaxed feeding regimen following pyloromyotomy would allow infants to achieve feeding goals more quickly without affecting postoperative emesis, and 2) preoperative metabolic derangements would impair the ability to advance feedings following pyloromyotomy.

Methods: A prospective, randomized trial compared two postoperative feeding methods.

Self-clarity and different clusters of insight and self-stigma in mental illness.

The current study explored the self-experience of persons with Serious Mental Illness (SMI) by investigating the associations between different insight and self-stigma clusters, self-clarity, hope, recovery, and functioning. One hundred seven persons diagnosed with a SMI were administered six scales: self-concept clarity, self-stigma, insight into the illness, hope, recovery, and functioning. Correlations and cluster analyses were performed.

The Special Challenges of Psychotherapy with Persons with Psychosis: Intersubjective Metacognitive Model of Agreement and Shared Meaning.

Unlabelled: Agreement between client and therapist is an essential part of the therapeutic alliance. While there are general challenges to the creation of agreement and shared meaning in all psychotherapies, there are specific challenges while working with persons with psychosis. These challenges include the different narratives of the client and the therapist with regard to their roles and the description of the condition or problem, as well as possible stigmatic views and theoretical bias.

Individual Psychotherapy and Changes in Self-Experience in Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Comparison of Patients in Metacognitively Focused and Supportive Psychotherapy.

Objective: Deficits in metacognition, or the ability to form complex ideas about self and others, may be a root cause of dysfunction in schizophrenia. Accordingly, forms of psychotherapy have been proposed to address metacognitive deficits. This study explored whether metacognitively focused individual psychotherapy can affect self-experience by conducting narrative interviews of patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder enrolled in either metacognitively oriented psychotherapy (n = 12) or supportive psychotherapy (n = 13) in a naturalistic setting.

Integrative Psychotherapy for Schizophrenia: Its Potential for a Central Role in Recovery Oriented Treatment.

Research has affirmed that recovery from serious mental illnesses (SMI), such as schizophrenia, is a common outcome and often involves subjective changes in the experience of self, one's identity, and one's sense of agency in the world. Although many different interventions have been developed and validated, efforts to consider how those interventions should be integrated to assist people to direct their own recovery have been limited. This article considers the 5 case reports of psychotherapy presented in this special issue that have sought to integrate scientifically valid approaches within a recovery frame work.

The N terminus of pro-endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) regulates its binding with the C terminus, arginyl-tRNA synthetase, and neurofilament light protein.

Pro-endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II), one component of the multi-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex, plays multiple roles in physiological and pathological processes of protein translation, signal transduction, immunity, lung development, and tumor growth. Recent studies have determined that pro-EMAP II has an essential role in maintaining axon integrity in central and peripheral neural systems where deletion of the C terminus of pro-EMAP II has been reported in a consanguineous Israeli Bedouin kindred suffering from Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease. We hypothesized that the N terminus of pro-EMAP II has an important role in the regulation of protein-protein interactions.