Choriocapillaris flow deficit associated with intraretinal hyperreflective foci in intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficit (FD) beneath drusen associated with overlying intraretinal hyperreflective foci (HRF).

Methods: Patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who had structural spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) using the Cirrus HD-OCT with AngioPlex software were retrospectively evaluated. A 6 × 6-mm-volume scan was used for the SD-OCT and OCTA.

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to medical staff and patients from an exposure to a COVID-19-positive ophthalmologist.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after exposure to a COVID-19+ physician in a retina clinic.

Methods: A retrospective observational study. Records of 142 patients and 11 staff members from a single retina clinic that were exposed to a COVID-19+ ophthalmologist were reviewed.

A 12-month prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of using the treat-and-extend regimen with intravitreal aflibercept as a Second-Line Treatment for Diabetic Macular Oedema (the TADI Study).

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept as a second-line therapy in eyes with persistent diabetic macular oedema (DMO) despite receiving initial bevacizumab treatment.

Methods: A prospective multicentre study was conducted in nine academic clinics in Israel. Starting from the first follow-up visit, a treat-and-extend regimen was applied in which the treatment intervals were extended by 2 weeks based on macular thickness using SD-OCT.

Evaluation of antioxidant treatments for the modulation of macrophage function in the context of retinal degeneration.

Purpose: Oxidative stress and macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atrophic and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (aAMD and nvAMD). It is unclear whether oxidative injury mediates macrophage involvement in AMD. We aimed to investigate the effect of antioxidant treatments on human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs) from patients with AMD in models for the disease.

Proangiogenic characteristics of activated macrophages from patients with age-related macular degeneration.

Macrophages were previously implicated in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). It is unclear if a specific macrophage phenotype is associated with nvAMD, and if macrophages from nvAMD patients are more pathogenic as compared with controls. To address these issues, we evaluated macrophages derived from peripheral blood monocytes of nvAMD patients and age-matched controls.

Degeneration modulates retinal response to transient exogenous oxidative injury.

Purpose: Oxidative injury is involved in retinal and macular degeneration. We aim to assess if retinal degeneration associated with genetic defect modulates the retinal threshold for encountering additional oxidative challenges.

Methods: Retinal oxidative injury was induced in degenerating retinas (rd10) and in control mice (WT) by intravitreal injections of paraquat (PQ).

Dent's disease manifesting as focal glomerulosclerosis: Is it the tip of the iceberg?

Dent's disease is an X-linked proximal tubulopathy. It often manifests in childhood with symptoms of Fanconi syndrome and low-molecular-weight proteinuria. We describe four boys from three unrelated families whose only presenting symptoms of Dent's disease were nephrotic-range proteinuria and histological findings of focal segmental and/or global glomerulosclerosis.

Flumazenil mimics whereas midazolam abolishes ischemic preconditioning in a rabbit heart model of ischemia-reperfusion.

Background: The goal of the current study was to assess the effects of flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, in limiting infarct size and in reducing hydroxyl free radical production.

Methods: After intravenous salicylate (100 mg/kg) administration, rabbits were subjected to 40 min of regional myocardial ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion. In one group, flumazenil (0.