Z-Corrective Osteotomy in Malunited Extra-Articular Fractures of Distal Radius.

Purpose: We sought to assess clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes following treatment of extra-articular malunions of the distal radius using a multiplanar z-corrective osteotomy.

Methods: Fifteen patients with extra-articular distal radius malunions (13 dorsal and 2 volar) underwent z-corrective osteotomy and volar plate fixation without bone grafting. Correction and maintenance of each deformity was evaluated in terms of various radiographic indices (radial height; volar and radial tilt); osteotomy union; pain (visual analog scale); grip strength; range of motion; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores; and Mayo wrist scores.

Laparoscopic versus open appendicectomy for complicated appendicitis in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is the preferred approach in uncomplicated appendicitis. However, in patients with complicated appendicitis (CA), the best approach is still unclear though laparoscopy is being increasingly preferred over open appendicectomy (OA) nowadays.

Aim: To comprehensively review the current literature and compare the associations of LA and OA concerning various postoperative outcomes in order to determine the best approach for children with CA.

Traumatic posterior fracture-dislocation of the fifth lumbar vertebra: report of two cases with review of literature.

Introduction: Posterior fracture-dislocation of fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) is a rare injury pattern. Existing Aihara classification system lacks its mention.

Case Presentation: We report two cases of posterior fracture-dislocation of L5 with comminuted fracture of body that presented with cauda equina syndrome.

Osteoblastoma of the Distal Radius.

Osteoblastomas are rare, benign, bone-forming neoplasms that represent less than 1% of all bone tumors and occur mostly in people aged 10 to 30 years. In long bones, the metadiaphyseal region tends to be most commonly affected. However, to the best of our knowledge, only 11 cases have been reported to occur in the distal radius.

Unusual Pattern of Traumatic Anterolisthesis at Multiple Levels (L3,4,5 Over S1) Because of Pedicle Avulsion: A Case Report.

Case: Multilevel lumbar spondylolistheses have been reported, but only secondary to degenerative processes. We describe a case where grade 4 anterolisthesis occurred (L3,4,5 over S1) because of multiple level traumatic pedicle avulsion rather than facetal/pars interarticularis/posterior ligamentous complex disruption in a 42-year-old man who presented with paraparesis after a fall from height. Decompression was performed at the L5 level, and pedicle screw fixation was performed at L3, L5, and S1 levels.

Ocular Manifestations in Patients of HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Infection on Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy (CART).

Aim: To determine the prevalence and spectrum of ocular manifestations in PLHIV (people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus) on cART (combined Antiretroviral Therapy) and correlate them with WHO clinical staging, CD4 count, duration & type of cART.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional study. Ophthalmic evaluation of 350 PLHIV on cART (at least 6 months) was done.

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome with intra-abdominal seminoma in a phenotypic female: A rare presentation.

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a rare, X-linked recessive disorder which causes alterations in androgen receptor gene leading to hormone resistance, which may present clinically under three phenotypes: complete AIS (CAIS), partial AIS, or mild AIS. The symptoms range from phenotypically normal males with impaired spermatogenesis to phenotypically normal women with primary amenorrhea. We report a case of a 35-year-old woman who was diagnosed with CAIS and presented with malignant transformation of the undescended testis.

Seroprotection for Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus and Measles in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome.

Objective: To determine seroprotective titres for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and measles in children with nephrotic syndrome who had received essential immunization.

Methods: Children (2-18 years) with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) or steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) who were in disease remission and had received essential childhood immunization were included. Anti-diphtheria, anti-pertussis, anti-tetanus and anti-measles antibody titres were measured.

Third Line Antiretroviral Treatment in India: Cohort Analysis and Treatment Outcomes from a Public Health Facility.

The National Programme in India provides free third-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) for all people living with HIV (PLHIV). Data of 232 PLHIV initiated on third-line ART from a single center in New Delhi were retrospectively analyzed for virological suppression at 6 and 12 months, factors predicting nonresponse, retention in care, and mortality from June 2016 till December 2019. The mean age at third-line ART initiation was 39.

Neglected Two-Week-Old Unstable Fracture-Dislocation of the Hip in a 60 Years Old, Managed with Hip Preservation Surgery.

Introduction: Hip joint fracture-dislocations are rare injuries and usually result from high energy trauma. Femoral head fractures account for only 7-16% of all hip fracture-dislocations. There is always a controversy regarding optimal surgical treatment modality and approach for the treatment of Pipkin type IV fractures.

Dexamethasone in Prevention of Postextubation Stridor in Ventilated Children: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Background And Aims: Postextubation stridor (PES) is a serious complication in ventilated patients which increases the length of stay in intensive care units (ICUs). We studied the efficacy of dexamethasone in prevention of PES in ventilated children.

Materials And Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in pediatric ICU.

Kite String Injury Causing a Complete Tear of the Tendoachilles.

Kite flying is a common activity in many countries, particularly India. Fierce competition has led to the use of dangerous kite threads like manja (which is a cotton or nylon thread coated with powdered glass) to gain an edge over rivals. The sharp manja can not only cause linear abrasions or deep incised wounds among flyers but it can inflict equally serious injuries to onlookers or unwary pedestrians and two-wheeler riders on the street.

Clinical profile and short-term course of post-traumatic headache in children with mild traumatic brain injury: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To study the clinical profile and factors associated with post-traumatic headache (PTH) in children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) attending an urban public hospital.

Methods: We enrolled 130 consecutive children aged 6-12 years with mTBI (as per the International Classification of Headache Disorders-III criteria), and followed them up for 7 days. Those who developed PTH were further followed up monthly for 3 months.

Determination of outcomes of complex upper end tibial fractures in squatting and cross leg sitting South Asian population.

Introduction: Treatment of complex upper end tibial fractures has always been a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. Though the roentgenogram results are satisfactory, the clinical and functional outcomes especially in terms of squatting/cross-leg sitting after long term follow-up are little known. Hence, we have done this study with a primary aim to assess the clinico-radiological and functional outcomes after operative fixation (mostly by locking plates) in complex upper end tibial fractures and a secondary aim to analyze correlation between functional outcome scores/range of motion (ROM) and the ability to squat & sit cross-legged in post-operative period.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Cancer Patients: Effects on Disease Outcomes and Patient Prognosis.

The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms and outcomes vary immensely among patients. Predicting disease progression and managing disease symptoms is even more challenging in cancer patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, often suppress the immune system, rendering cancer patients more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe complications.

Computed tomographic analysis of the prevalence of International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cells and their association with frontal sinusitis.

Objectives: To determine the radiological prevalence of frontal cells according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification in patients undergoing computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses for clinical symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to examine the association between cell classification and frontal sinusitis development.

Methods: A total of 180 (left and right) sides of 90 patients were analysed. The prevalence of each International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cell was assessed.

Management of Orthopaedic Accidental Emergencies Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: Our Experience in Preparing to Live with Corona.

Introduction: With increasing prevalence of coronavirus cases (including among health care providers), the current advice for orthopaedic surgeons is to favor non-operative management of most injuries and reduce face-to-face follow-up. We present our experience in managing the patients at Government-run non-COVID-19 trauma center in Delhi in an algorithmic form. Our standard operating protocols were mainly based on recommendations of Indian Orthopaedic Association and targeted to provide healthcare at a minimum risk to the treating team as well as other patients admitted to the hospital.

Perceived social support, depression and their impact on quality of life of people living with HIV in India.

Universal access to Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) has transformed HIV/AIDS into a chronic disease and issues like social support and Quality of life (QOL) have emerged as important components of care. Perceived social support influences QOL in People Living with HIV (PLHIV), though this has not been studied well in India. PLHIV were assessed for Social Support using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and QOL was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) questionnaire.