Comparison of Shock Index With the Assessment of Blood Consumption Score for Association With Massive Transfusion During Hemorrhage Control for Trauma.

Background: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of early mortality following trauma. A massive transfusion protocol (MTP) to guide resuscitation while bleeding is definitively controlled may improve outcomes. Prompts to initiate massive transfusion (MT) include shock index (SI) and the Assessment of Blood Consumption (ABC) score.

Health care utilization and costs associated with switching from DPP-4i to GLP-1RA or SGLT2i: an observational cohort study.

Because of improved clinical outcomes, recent American Diabetes Association guidelines recommend the use of newer antidiabetic agents-glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)-by those with cardiovascular disease. It is unclear, however, how switching to these newer agents affects health care utilization and costs. To compare health care utilization and costs between users of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) who switch to GLP-1RA or SGLT2i and nonswitchers.

A Quality Improvement Intervention Reduces the Time to Administration of Stat Medications.

Introduction: The delivery of urgent ("stat") medications to hospitalized children is important for safe quality care. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a set of interventions on the percentage of stat medications administered within 30 minutes of ordering.

Methods: A pre-post study in 2 pediatric units (36 beds) in a private hospital in Saudi Arabia between January 2015 and September 2016.

Health conditions in methamphetamine-dependent adults 3 years after treatment.

Objectives: : Medical conditions in methamphetamine (MA) users have not been well characterized. Using both self-report and physical examination data, the aims of this study were to (1) describe the frequency of medical conditions in a sample of MA users 3 years posttreatment; (2) evaluate the association between medical conditions and MA use frequency; and (3) examine the relationship of route of administration with medical outcomes.

Methods: : MA-dependent adults (N = 301) who participated in the Methamphetamine Treatment Project were interviewed and examined 3 years after treatment.

Factors affecting outcome in liver resection.

Background: Studies demonstrate an inverse relationship between institution/surgeon procedural volumes and patient outcomes. Similar studies exist for liver resections, which recommend referral of patients for liver resections to 'high-volume' centers. These studies did not elucidate the factors that underlie such outcomes.

Direct comparison of hepatitis C virus genotypes tested by INNO-LiPA HCV II and TRUGENE HCV genotyping methods.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. It is associated with the development of end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies have shown that patients infected with different genotypes of HCV may respond to interferon-ribavirin therapy differently and thus HCV genotype information is very important in helping physicians to better managing their patients.

Prostate cancer in Honolulu, Hawaii: pathological and clinical characteristics.

We reviewed trends in prostate cancer at our institution to determine if there are changing characteristics that need to be considered in conducting comparative studies with patients from other institutions. Assessed between 1993 and 1998 were trends in PSA status, race, tumour grade, clinical stage and treatment. The incidence dropped between 1993 and 1994, but has remained stable since, except in Philipinos.

Computer-assisted health counselor visits: a low-cost model for comprehensive adolescent preventive services.

Objective: To evaluate a low-cost strategy for providing preventive health services to adolescents using computerized health assessments with individualized educational videos, trained health counselors, and nurses.

Design: Feasibility study, cost analysis, and comparative evaluation of health problems identified, guidance delivered, and patient satisfaction.

Setting: Eleven sessions at nontraditional sites including schools, universities, shopping malls, and after-hours clinics on Oahu, Hawaii.