Prokinetic agents in adult intensive care unit patients (PATIENCE)-An international inception cohort study protocol.

Background: Feeding intolerance is common in critically ill patients and can lead to malnutrition. Prokinetic agents may be used to enhance the uptake of nutrition. However, the evidence on the effectiveness and safety of prokinetic agents is sparse, and there is a lack of data on their use in intensive care units (ICU).

Safety of dostarlimab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer in a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (ENGOT-EN6-NSGO/GOG-3031/RUBY).

Background: In Part 1 of the phase III RUBY trial (NCT03981796) in patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC), dostarlimab plus carboplatin-paclitaxel (CP) significantly improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared with CP alone. Limited safety data have been reported for the combination of immunotherapies plus chemotherapy in this setting.

Objectives: The objective of this analysis was to identify the occurrence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and to describe irAE management in Part 1 of the RUBY trial.

Macrophage and chondrocyte phenotypes in inflammation.

Inflammation is a complex biological process protecting the body from diverse external threats. Effectively performing this task requires an intricate, well-regulated interplay of different cells and tissues. Furthermore, several cells participating in inflammation can assume diverse phenotypes.

Preferences for albumin use in adult intensive care unit patients with shock: An international survey.

Introduction: Use of albumin is suggested for some patients with shock, but preferences for its use may vary among intensive care unit (ICU) physicians.

Methods: We conducted an international online survey of ICU physicians with 20 questions about their use of albumin and their opinion towards a randomised trial among adults with shock comparing the use versus no use of albumin.

Results: A total of 1248 respondents participated, with a mean response rate of 37%, ranging from 18% to 75% across 21 countries.

Early-pregnancy BMI, maternal gestational weight gain, and asthma and allergic diseases in children.

Background: Association of early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and maternal gestational weight gain (GWG), and asthma and allergic disease in children is unclear.

Methods: We analyzed data from 3176 mother-child pairs in a prospective birth cohort study. Maternal anthropometric measurements in the first and last antenatal clinic visits were obtained through post-delivery questionnaires to calculate early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG.

Comparative proteomics analysis of the mouse mini-gut organoid: insights into markers of gluten challenge from celiac disease intestinal biopsies.

Introduction: Organoid models enable three-dimensional representation of cellular systems, providing flexible and accessible research tools, and can highlight key biomolecules. Such models of the intestinal epithelium can provide significant knowledge for the study of celiac disease and provide an additional context for the nature of markers observed from patient biopsy data.

Methods: Using LC-MS/MS, the proteomes of the crypt and enterocyte-like states of a mouse mini-gut organoid model were measured.

Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Antibiotics and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Finnish Children: A Registry-based Study.

Objective: To study whether prenatal and postnatal exposure to antibiotics is associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood.

Study Design: This case cohort study included 2869 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by the end of 2009 who were born between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2008, in Finland and a reference cohort (n = 74 263) representing 10% of each birth cohort. Exposure to antibiotics was assessed in different time periods.

Mycobacterial β-carbonic anhydrases: Molecular biology, role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and inhibition studies.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which causes tuberculosis (TB), is still a major global health problem. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), TB still causes more deaths worldwide than any other infectious agent. Drug-sensitive TB is treatable using first-line drugs; treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB requires second- and third-line drugs.

Accuracy of Intra-Axial Brain Tumor Characterization in the Emergency MRI Reports: A Retrospective Human Performance Benchmarking Pilot Study.

Demand for emergency neuroimaging is increasing. Even magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often performed outside office hours, sometimes revealing more uncommon entities like brain tumors. The scientific literature studying artificial intelligence (AI) methods for classifying brain tumors on imaging is growing, but knowledge about the radiologist's performance on this task is surprisingly scarce.

Long-Term Outcomes of Adjuvant Trastuzumab for 9 Weeks or 1 Year for ERBB2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the SOLD Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The standard adjuvant treatment for patients with ERRB2-positive breast cancer is chemotherapy plus 1 year of trastuzumab. Shorter durations of trastuzumab administration improve cardiac safety, but more information is needed about their effect on survival.

Objective: To compare survival outcomes after 9-week vs 1-year administration of trastuzumab with the same adjuvant chemotherapy.

Childhood family environment and systemic haemodynamics in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Aims: Childhood family environment is associated with adulthood health behaviours and cardiovascular health, but limited data are available concerning the relationship between childhood family environment and adulthood haemodynamic determinants of blood pressure. We evaluated how childhood family environment predicts adulthood systemic haemodynamics.

Methods: The sample came from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (=1554-1620).

Predictors of change in early child development among children with stunting: Secondary analysis of a randomized trial in Uganda.

Millions of children under 5 years in low- and middle-income countries fail to attain their development potential with accruing short- and long-term consequences. Low length/height for age (stunting) is known to be a key factor, but there is little data on how child characteristics are linked with developmental changes among children with stunting. We assessed the socioeconomic, household, anthropometric, and clinical predictors of change in early child development (ECD) among 1-5-year-old children with stunting.

The proximal extension of acute type A aortic dissection is associated with ascending aortic wall degeneration.

Background: Aortic root involvement during acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) may depend on ascending aortic wall degeneration. Surgical decision-making for extended resection of the aortic root is clinically made without histopathology. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the degree of degeneration of the ascending aortic wall found in patients with ATAAD is associated with the aortic root involvement.

Finnish Pediatric Surgery Hub - From Centralization to Collective Learning and Sharing of Expertise.

Aim Of The Study: Continuous surgical developments, growing awareness of patient representatives and limited health-care resources are pushing for innovative approaches to ensure equal high-quality pediatric surgical care. We aimed to describe early experiences and assess surgical safety of a novel nationwide pediatric surgery collaborative initiative.

Methods: In 2021, general pediatric surgeons representing all five independent university hospitals performing neonatal surgery in Finland initiated national collaboration, the Finnish pediatric surgery hub (FPSH), for sharing of surgical expertise and collective learning.

TRPA1 Inhibition Effects by 3-Phenylcoumarin Derivatives.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) protein plays an important role in the inflammatory response, and it has been associated with different pain conditions and pain-related diseases, making TRPA1 a valid target for painkillers. In this study, we identified potential TRPA1 inhibitors and located their binding sites utilizing computer-aided drug design (CADD) techniques. The designed 3-phenylcoumarin-based TRPA1 inhibitors were successfully synthesized using a microwave assisted synthetic strategy.

The relationship between energy provided and growth during severe wasting treatment.

Treatment of severe acute malnutrition aims at producing quick catch-up growth in children to decrease their short-term mortality risk. The extent to which catch-up growth is influenced by the amount of energy provided is unclear. This study assessed whether energy provided at admission is associated with catch-up ponderal growth among children with mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 115 mm at admission.

Protein-extending ACTN2 frameshift variants cause variable myopathy phenotypes by protein aggregation.

Objective: The objective of the study is to characterize the pathomechanisms underlying actininopathies. Distal myopathies are a group of rare, inherited muscular disorders characterized by progressive loss of muscle fibers that begin in the distal parts of arms and legs. Recently, variants in a new disease gene, ACTN2, have been shown to cause distal myopathy.

Spatial adjustment of bioenergetics, a possible determinant of contractile adaptation and development of contractile failure.

Cardiomyocytes depend on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy metabolism, which is facilitated by the mitochondrial electron transfer system (ETS). In a series of thermogenic redox reactions, electrons are shuttled through the ETS to oxygen as the final electron acceptor. This electron transfer is coupled to proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which itself is the main driving force for ATP production.

Margin clearance greater than 1 mm in nodal-positive pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients: multicentre retrospective analysis.

Background: The introduction of the 1 mm cut-off for resection margin according to the Leeds Pathology Protocol has transformed the concept of surgical radicality. Its impact on nodal-positive resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients is unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of margin clearance on survival among resected, nodal-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients whose specimens were analysed according to the Leeds Pathology Protocol.

Cardiac Structure and Function in 8- to 12-Year-Old Children Following In-Utero Exposure to Preeclampsia (FINNCARE Study).

Background: We evaluated how elevated blood pressure in children exposed to preeclampsia (PE) impacted on their cardiac structure and function, as well as relations with maternal, gestational, and perinatal factors and child body size and composition.

Methods And Results: A total of 182 PE (46 early-onset preeclampsia) and 85 unexposed (non-PE) children were examined in the FINNCARE study 8 to 12 years after the index pregnancy with echocardiography; office, central, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures; and body anthropometrics and composition. PE children had lower right ventricular basal sphericity index (mean difference, -0.