Medications for Opioid Use Disorder: A Guide for Physicians.

The opioid crisis has shaped the national public health dialogue for some time now. A "call to action" is a strong and resounding cry from multiple disciplines. This piece intends to detail the nuts and bolts of prescribing medications used for the treatment of opioid use disorder.

White matter disease in midlife is heritable, related to hypertension, and shares some genetic influence with systolic blood pressure.

White matter disease in the brain increases with age and cardiovascular disease, emerging in midlife, and these associations may be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. We examined the frequency, distribution, and heritability of abnormal white matter and its association with hypertension in 395 middle-aged male twins (61.9 ± 2.

Shortened estrous cycle length, increased FSH levels, FSH variance, oocyte spindle aberrations, and early declining fertility in aging senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice: concomitant characteristics of human midlife female reproductive aging.

Women experience a series of specific transitions in their reproductive function with age. Shortening of the menstrual cycle begins in the mid to late 30s and is regarded as the first sign of reproductive aging. Other early changes include elevation and increased variance of serum FSH levels, increased incidences of oocyte spindle aberrations and aneuploidy, and declining fertility.

The surgical learning curve of artificial urinary sphincter implantation: implications for prosthetic training and referral.

Purpose: We investigated the surgical learning curve of artificial urinary sphincter implantation using a large, consecutive, single surgeon series.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the results of the first 150 consecutive, virgin artificial urinary sphincter implantations performed by a single surgeon between 1992 and 2003 for post-prostatectomy male stress urinary incontinence. Complication and reoperation rates, and continence outcomes (daily pad use and number of patients with a functional artificial urinary sphincter at last followup) were analyzed as a function of consecutive implant cases.

Complex artificial urinary sphincter revision and reimplantation cases--how do they fare compared to virgin cases?

Purpose: We compared artificial urinary sphincter complication rates, overall reoperative rates, and continence results in virgin cases, revision cases and secondary reimplant cases (with prior erosion or infection).

Materials And Methods: Only male patients with post-prostatectomy stress incontinence with AMS 800™ placement in the bulbar urethra by a single surgeon were included in the study. A total of 169 virgin cases (no prior artificial urinary sphincter surgery), 37 revision cases (eg cuff revision for urethral atrophy, revision of failed components) and 21 secondary reimplant cases (eg after prior explant from urethral erosion or infection) were compared.

Tamm-Horsfall protein protects the kidney from ischemic injury by decreasing inflammation and altering TLR4 expression.

Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) is a glycoprotein with unclear functions expressed exclusively in thick ascending limbs (TAL) of the kidney. Its role in ischemic acute kidney injury is uncertain, with previous data suggesting a possible negative effect by enhancing cast formation and promoting inflammation. Using a recently characterized THP knockout mouse (THP-/-), we investigated the role of THP in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).

GB virus C replicates in primary T and B lymphocytes.

GB virus C (GBV-C) infection is common in humans and may persist for decades, although most infected persons clear the virus and subsequently develop antibodies to the envelope glycoprotein. GBV-C replicates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD4(+) T lymphocytes in vitro, and depletion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes has been proposed as the reason for clearance of GBV-C among persons positive for human immunodeficiency virus. We identified GBV-C RNA in purified CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and CD19(+) B lymphocytes removed ex vivo from infected donors and found that GBV-C replicated in vitro in these PBMC subsets, suggesting that GBV-C is a panlymphotropic virus.

CLIC1 inserts from the aqueous phase into phospholipid membranes, where it functions as an anion channel.

CLIC1 is a member of the CLIC family of proteins, which has been shown to demonstrate chloride channel activity when reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles. CLIC1 exists in cells as an integral membrane protein and as a soluble cytoplasmic protein, implying that CLIC1 might cycle between membrane-inserted and soluble forms. CLIC1 was purified and detergent was removed, yielding an aqueous solution of essentially pure protein.

Safety and immunogenicity of a canarypox-vectored human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 vaccine with or without gp120: a phase 2 study in higher- and lower-risk volunteers.

Live attenuated viral vectors that express human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens are being developed as potential vaccines to prevent HIV infection. The first phase 2 trial with a canarypox vector (vCP205, which expresses gp120, p55, and protease) was conducted in 435 volunteers with and without gp120 boosting, to expand the safety database and to compare the immunogenicity of the vector in volunteers who were at higher risk with that in volunteers at lower risk for HIV infection. Neutralizing antibodies to the MN strain were stimulated in 94% of volunteers given vCP205 plus gp120 and in 56% of volunteers given vCP205 alone.

CLIC-1 functions as a chloride channel when expressed and purified from bacteria.

CLIC-1 is a member of a family of proteins related to the bovine intracellular chloride channel p64 which has been proposed to function as a chloride channel. We expressed CLIC-1 as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein in bacteria. The fusion protein was purified by glutathione affinity, and CLIC-1 was released from its fusion partner by digestion with thrombin.