Effect of different PD-1 inhibitor combination therapies for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination therapy offers a new option for treatment of unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (uICC).

Aim: To compare the effect of different anti-PD-1 combination therapies as the first-line treatments for uICC.

Methods: This study included 318 patients who received chemotherapy alone (Chemo), anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy (ICI-chemo), anti-PD-1 plus targeted therapy (ICI-target) or anti-PD-1 plus targeted therapy and chemotherapy (ICI-target-chemo) as first line for uICC from 22 centres in China.

microRNA-454 promotes liver tumor-initiating cell expansion by regulating SOCS6.

Tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) are involved in the tumorigenesis, progression, drug resistance and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism for the propagation of liver T-ICs remains unclear. Herein, we find that miR-454 is upregulated in liver T-ICs and has an important function in liver T-ICs.

Modifications of the AJCC 8th edition staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and proposal for a new staging system by incorporating serum tumor markers.

Background: Several studies have noted that the discriminatory ability and stratification performance of the AJCC 8th edition staging system is not entirely satisfactory. We aimed to improve the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Methods: A multicentric database from three Chinese mainland centers (n = 1601 patients) was used to modify the 8th edition staging system.

The effect of honokiol on pulmonary artery endothelium cell autophagy mediated by cyclophilin A in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Abnormal autophagy plays critical roles in the structure and function of the pulmonary vasculature. Cyclophilin A (CyPA) can be secreted from cells in response to hypoxia and oxidative stress, which are involved in inducing autophagy and regulating the function of endothelial cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Honokiol is a small molecule natural compound; it has many bioactivities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiangiogenic properties, but how honokiol mediates autophagy in pulmonary arterial hypertension is unclear.

Novel Common Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 42 loci (P < 5 × 10-8) associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Expanded consortium efforts facilitating the discovery of additional susceptibility loci may capture unexplained familial risk.

Methods: We conducted a GWAS in European descent CRC cases and control subjects using a discovery-replication design, followed by examination of novel findings in a multiethnic sample (cumulative n = 163 315).

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: a case report.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the vein smooth muscle. We present one case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the IVC. The patient benefited of surgical exploration at seventh day after admission.

Mobile.net: Mobile Telephone Text Messages to Encourage Adherence to Medication and to Follow up With People With Psychosis: Methods and Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Two-Armed Trial.

Background: Schizophrenia is a high-cost, chronic, serious mental illness. There is a clear need to improve treatments and expand access to care for persons with schizophrenia, but simple, tailored interventions are missing.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of tailored mobile telephone text messages to encourage adherence to medication and to follow up with people with psychosis at 12 months.

Progression of fibrosis during chronic hepatitis C is associated with rapid virus evolution.

Hepatic fibrosis is the primary mediator of disease due to chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV exists as a quasispecies in each infected individual, and longitudinal viral sequence changes may reveal viral dynamics and the selection pressures applied by the host immune system. Thus, we hypothesized that patterns of sequence change might reveal the immunopathogenesis of fibrosis progression.