Effects of Dual-Release Hydrocortisone on Bone Metabolism in Primary and Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: A 6-Year Study.

Context: Patients with primary (PAI) and secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) experience bone metabolism alterations, possibly due to excessive replacement. Dual-release hydrocortisone (DR-HC) has shown promising effects on several parameters, but bone metabolism has seldom been investigated.

Objective: We evaluated the long-term effects of once-daily DR-HC on bone in PAI and SAI.

Adjunctive brivaracetam and sustained seizure frequency reduction in very active focal epilepsy.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of brivaracetam (BRV) according to baseline seizure frequency and past treatment history in subjects with focal epilepsy who were included in the Brivaracetam Add-On First Italian Network Study (BRIVAFIRST).

Methods: BRIVAFIRST was a 12-month retrospective, multicenter study including adults prescribed adjunctive BRV. Study outcomes included sustained seizure response (SSR), sustained seizure freedom (SSF), and the rates of treatment discontinuation and adverse events (AEs).

From Bedside to Diagnosis: The Role of Ocular Fundus in Systemic Infections.

In this comprehensive review, we delve into the significance of the ocular fundus examination in diagnosing and managing systemic infections at the bedside. While the utilization of advanced ophthalmological diagnostic technologies can present challenges in bedside care, especially for hospitalized patients confined to their beds or during infection outbreaks, the ocular fundus examination often emerges as an essential, and sometimes the only practical, diagnostic tool. Recent discussions have highlighted that the role of an ocular fundus examination might not always be advocated as a routine diagnostic procedure.

Zonulin as a Biomarker for the Development of Celiac Disease.

Objectives: Increased intestinal permeability seems to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including celiac disease (CeD). However, it is unknown whether increased permeability precedes CeD onset. This study's objective was to determine whether intestinal permeability is altered before celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) in at-risk children.

Advanced and traditional chest MRI sequence for the clinical assessment of systemic sclerosis related interstitial lung disease, compared to CT: disease extent analysis and correlations with pulmonary function tests.

Background: MRI is a radiation-free emerging alternative to CT in systemic sclerosis related interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) assessment. We aimed to compare a T2 radial TSE and a PD UTE MRI sequence with CT in SSc-ILD extent evaluation and correlations with pulmonary function tests (PFT).

Material And Methods: 29 SSc-ILD patients underwent CT, MRI and PFT.

Efficacy and tolerability of somatostatin analogues according to gender in patients with neuroendocrine tumors.

As the incidence of neuroendocrine tumors has been rising, gender differences in epidemiology and clinical behavior have emerged, and interest into a gender-driven management of these tumors has grown with the aim to improve survival and quality of life of these patients. Somatostatin Analogues represent the first line of systemic treatment of both functional and non-functional neuroendocrine tumors, through the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in the tumor cells, and proved effective in controlling hormonal hypersecretion and inhibiting tumor growth, improving progression-free survival and overall survival of these patients. Aim of the present review is to investigate any differences by gender in efficacy and safety of SSTS-targeted therapies, that represent the mainstay treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, as they emerge from studies of varying design and intent.

Predictors of unsustained measurable residual disease negativity in patients with multiple myeloma.

The prognostic impact of achieving and in particular maintaining measurable residual disease (MRD) negativity in multiple myeloma is now established; therefore, identifying among MRD-negative patients the ones at higher risk of losing MRD negativity is of importance. We analyzed predictors of unsustained MRD negativity in patients enrolled in the FORTE trial (NCT02203643). MRD was performed by multiparameter flow cytometry (sensitivity of 10-5) at premaintenance and every 6 months thereafter.

Array-comparative genomic hybridization analysis in a cohort of 130 children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A single Center Italian Study.

Introduction: utism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous clinical condition, and its genetic basis is widely confirmed. The chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is a first-line diagnostic test that identifies copy number variants (CNVs). Some of these genomic rearrangements are associated with ASD, but the meaning of most of them is still unknown.

Oncoplastic and reconstructive surgery in SENONETWORK Italian breast centers: lights and shadows.

• Despite the significance of oncoplastic procedure, an italian database is lacking. • Senonetwork established a multidisciplinary survey to assess their safety and efficacy. • Reconstructive outcomes were positive across low and high-volume centers.

Postoperative complications after pancreatoduodenectomy for malignancy: results from the Recurrence After Whipple's (RAW) study.

Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is associated with significant postoperative morbidity. Surgeons should have a sound understanding of the potential complications for consenting and benchmarking purposes. Furthermore, preoperative identification of high-risk patients can guide patient selection and potentially allow for targeted prehabilitation and/or individualized treatment regimens.

Clinical application of bladder MRI and the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System.

Diagnostic work-up and risk stratification in patients with bladder cancer before and after treatment must be refined to optimize management and improve outcomes. MRI has been suggested as a non-invasive technique for bladder cancer staging and assessment of response to systemic therapy. The Vesical Imaging-Reporting And Data System (VI-RADS) was developed to standardize bladder MRI image acquisition, interpretation and reporting and enables accurate prediction of muscle-wall invasion of bladder cancer.

Predicting de-novo portal vein thrombosis after HCV eradication: A long-term competing risk analysis in the ongoing PITER cohort.

Background & Aims: Sustained virological response (SVR) by direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) may reverse the hypercoagulable state of HCV cirrhosis and the portal vein thrombosis (PVT) risk. We evaluated the incidence and predictive factors of de novo, non-tumoral PVT in patients with cirrhosis after HCV eradication.

Methods: Patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, consecutively enrolled in the multi-center ongoing PITER cohort, who achieved the SVR using DAAs, were prospectively evaluated.

Knowledge, experiences, and perceptions relating to obesity management among primary care physicians in the Lazio Region, Italy.

Background: Primary care providers (PCPs) play an essential role in obesity care as they represent the first contact for patients seeking weight loss interventions.

Objective: This study explored the knowledge, experiences, and perceptions of PCPs in the Lazio Region of Italy in the management of obesity.

Design And Subjects: We conducted an anonymous survey delivered from March to July 2022 via the newsletter of Rome Provincial Order of Physicians and Dentists and at the annual meeting of the regional section of the Italian Obesity Society.

A systematic review of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy outcomes for advanced indications: Large tumors (cT2-T3), solitary kidney, completely endophytic, hilar, recurrent, and multiple renal tumors.

Objective: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) has become widely used for treatment of renal cell carcinoma and it is expanding in the field of complex renal masses. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze outcomes of RAPN for completely endophytic renal masses, large tumors (cT2-T3), renal cell carcinoma in solitary kidney, recurrent tumors, completely endophytic and hilar masses, and simultaneous and multiple tumors.

Methods: A comprehensive search in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases was performed in December 2022 for English language papers.

Doubts and concerns about COVID-19 uncertainties on imaging data, clinical score, and outcomes.

Background: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease affecting predominantly the respiratory apparatus with clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to respiratory failure. Chest CT is a crucial tool in diagnosing and evaluating the severity of pulmonary involvement through dedicated scoring systems. Nonetheless, many questions regarding the relationship of radiologic and clinical features of the disease have emerged in multidisciplinary meetings.

The Impact of Antibiotics and Steroids on the Nasal Microbiome in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review According to PICO Criteria.

Background: The nasal microbiome represents the main environmental factor of the inflammatory process in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Antibiotics and steroids constitute the mainstay of CRS therapies. However, their impact on microbial communities needs to be better understood.

Recent Advances of Adipose-Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Retinal Diseases.

With the rapid development of stem cell research in modern times, stem cell-based therapy has opened a new era of tissue regeneration, becoming one of the most promising strategies for currently untreatable retinal diseases. Among the various sources of stem cells, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality due to their characteristics and multiple functions, which include immunoregulation, anti-apoptosis of neurons, cytokine and growth factor secretion, and antioxidative activities. Studies have shown that ADSCs can facilitate the replacement of dying cells, promote tissue remodeling and regeneration, and support the survival and growth of retinal cells.

Primary Tumor Resection in Synchronous Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with Upfront Chemotherapy plus Bevacizumab: A Pooled Analysis of TRIBE and TRIBE2 Studies.

Background: The decision to resect or not the primary tumor in asymptomatic patients with synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a complex and challenging issue for oncologists, especially when an antiangiogenic-based therapy is planned.

Methods: Patients enrolled in the phase III TRIBE and TRIBE2 studies that compared upfront FOLFOXIRI + bevacizumab to FOLFIRI or FOLFOX + bevacizumab, respectively, were included. We assessed the association of primary tumor resection (PTR) with progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), response rate (ORR), rate of grade > 2 adverse events (AEs), and serious gastrointestinal and surgical AEs in the overall population and according to the treatment arm.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Multiple Brain Metastases: A Review of Treatment Techniques.

The advancement of systemic targeted treatments has led to improvements in the management of metastatic disease, particularly in terms of survival outcomes. However, brain metastases remain less responsive to systemic therapies, underscoring the significance of local interventions for comprehensive disease control. Over the past years, the threshold for treating brain metastases through stereotactic radiosurgery has risen.

Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION): A Comprehensive Overview.

Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) represents one of the most important causes of blindness or severely impaired vision in middle-aged and elderly people. Unilateral optic disc edema and abrupt, painless vision loss are its defining features. It is commonly assumed that NA-AION is caused by an ischemic infarction of the optic nerve head, and, although the exact pathogenesis is still unknown, several risk factors and comorbidities associated with its development have been found.

A prospective, multicenter study on hematopoietic stemcell mobilization with cyclophosphamide plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and 'on-demand' plerixafor in multiple myeloma patients treated with novel agents.

High-dose melphalan plus autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a standard of care for transplant-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), and adequate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) collection is crucial to ensure hematologic recovery after ASCT. In this prospective, observational study we evaluated HSC mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), cyclophosphamide, and 'on-demand' plerixafor (in patients with <20×106 CD34+ cells/L after at least 4 days of G-CSF or failing to collect ≥1×106 CD34+ cells/kg after the first apheresis) in NDMM patients treated with novel agent-based induction therapy. The primary endpoint was the rate of poor mobilizers (patients collecting <2×106 CD34+ cells/kg or requiring plerixafor rescue to reach an adequate HSC harvest).