Comparison of Interim PET Response to Second-Line Versus First-Line Treatment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Contribution to the Development of Response Criteria for Relapsed or Progressive Disease.

In first-line treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Deauville scores 1-3 define complete metabolic remission. Interim F-FDG PET is also used for relapse-treatment adaptation; however, PET response criteria are not validated for relapse treatment. We performed a pairwise comparative analysis of early response to first- and second-line treatments in 127 patients with classic HL who experienced relapse.

A nationwide, retrospective, data-linkage, cohort study of epilepsy and incident dementia.

Objective: To determine the association of epilepsy with incident dementia by conducting a nationwide, retrospective data-linkage, cohort study to examine whether the association varies according to dementia subtypes and to investigate whether risk factors modify the association.

Methods: We used linked health data from hospitalization, mortality records, and primary care consultations to follow up 563,151 Welsh residents from their 60th birthday to estimate dementia rate and associated risk factors. Dementia, epilepsy, and covariates (medication, smoking, comorbid conditions) were classified with the use of previously validated code lists.

Severity Assessment in CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder.

Background: Pathologic mutations in cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 cause CDKL5 deficiency disorder, a genetic syndrome associated with severe epilepsy and cognitive, motor, visual, and autonomic disturbances. This disorder is a relatively common genetic cause of early-life epilepsy. A specific severity assessment is lacking, required to monitor the clinical course and needed to define the natural history and for clinical trial readiness.

Comparing Proxy, Adolescent, and Adult Assessments of Functional Ability in Adolescents With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Objective: In pediatric research, investigators rely on proxy reports of outcome, such as the proxy-completed Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (C-HAQ), to assess function in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). As children mature, they may self-complete the adult HAQ or the unvalidated adolescent-specific C-HAQ. It is unclear how these measures compare and whether they are directly interchangeable.

Confirmation of ovulation from urinary progesterone analysis: assessment of two automated assay platforms.

Urinary concentrations of the major progesterone (P4) metabolite pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PDG) are used to confirm ovulation. We aimed to determine whether automated immunoassay of urinary P4 was as efficacious as PDG to confirm ovulation. Daily urine samples from 20 cycles in 14 healthy women in whom ovulation was dated by ultrasound, and serial weekly samples from 21 women in whom ovulation was unknown were analysed.

2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Criteria for Minimal, Moderate, and Major Clinical Response in Juvenile Dermatomyositis: An International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Collaborative Initiative.

Objective: To develop response criteria for juvenile dermatomyositis (DM).

Methods: We analyzed the performance of 312 definitions that used core set measures from either the International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group (IMACS) or the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO) and were derived from natural history data and a conjoint analysis survey. They were further validated using data from the PRINTO trial of prednisone alone compared to prednisone with methotrexate or cyclosporine and the Rituximab in Myositis (RIM) trial.

Recommendations for gonadotoxicity surveillance in male childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: a report from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group in collaboration with the PanCareSurFup Consortium.

Treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery that involves reproductive organs can cause impaired spermatogenesis, testosterone deficiency, and physical sexual dysfunction in male pubertal, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors. Guidelines for surveillance and management of potential adverse effects could improve cancer survivors' health and quality of life. Surveillance recommendations vary considerably, causing uncertainty about optimum screening practices.

Risk of Cerebrovascular Events in 178 962 Five-Year Survivors of Cancer Diagnosed at 15 to 39 Years of Age: The TYACSS (Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study).

Background: Survivors of teenage and young adult cancer are at risk of cerebrovascular events, but the magnitude of and extent to which this risk varies by cancer type, decade of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, and attained age remains uncertain. This is the largest-ever cohort study to evaluate the risks of hospitalization for a cerebrovascular event among long-term survivors of teenage and young adult cancer.

Methods: The population-based TYACSS (Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study) (N=178,962) was linked to Hospital Episode Statistics data for England to investigate the risks of hospitalization for a cerebrovascular event among 5-year survivors of cancer diagnosed when 15 to 39 years of age.

Influence of past breast feeding on pattern and severity of presentation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

This analysis aimed to study the influence of breast feeding on the pattern and severity of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) at presentation. The association between ever versus never breast feeding and disease severity at onset was compared in 923 children with JIA recruited to the UK Childhood Arthritis Prospective Study at first presentation to rheumatology. Fifty six per cent of children were ever breast fed (median 3.

Maternal and child psychological outcomes of HIV disclosure to young children in rural South Africa: the Amagugu intervention.

Objectives: Increasingly, HIV-infected parents are surviving to nurture their children. Parental HIV disclosure is beneficial, but disclosure rates to younger children remain low. Previously, we demonstrated that the 'Amagugu' intervention increased disclosure to young children; however, effects on psychological outcomes have not been examined in detail.

Position paper from the IBRA Symposium on Surgery of the Head--the 2nd International Symposium for Condylar Fracture Osteosynthesis, Marseille, France 2012.

Background: This is a position paper from the 2nd International Bone Research Association (IBRA) Symposium for Condylar Fracture Osteosynthesis 2012 was held at Marseille, succeeding the first congress in Strasbourg, France, in 2007. The goal of this IBRA symposium and this paper was to evaluate current trends and potential changes of treatment strategies for mandibular condylar fractures, which remain controversial over the past decades.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, we enrolled the consensus based on the panel of experts and participants in the IBRA Symposium 2012.

Mucocutaneous manifestations in a UK national cohort of juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Objective: To determine whether mucocutaneous manifestations are associated with major organ involvement in a UK national cohort of juvenile-onset SLE (JSLE) patients.

Methods: JSLE patients (n = 241) from 15 different centres whose diagnosis fulfilled four or more of the ACR criteria were divided into two groups: those with at least one ACR mucocutaneous criterion (ACR skin feature positive) and those without (ACR skin feature negative) at diagnosis. The relative frequency of skin involvement was described by the paediatric adaptation of the 2004 British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (pBILAG-2004) index.

Visual electrophysiological findings in CHARGE syndrome with bilateral colobomas: a case report.

Colobomas are the major ophthalmic manifestation of CHARGE syndrome. Ophthalmological advice may be sought for an infant diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome presenting with coloboma, and electrophysiology can be particularly useful in assessing retinal and cortical function at an early age. Here we describe electrophysiology findings in a four-week-old infant born with bilateral coloboma, more extensive in the right eye, as part of CHARGE syndrome.

Anthropometric foot structure of peripubescent children with excessive versus normal body mass: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A variety of musculoskeletal problems have been associated with excessive body mass in children, including structural foot problems.

Methods: Two hundred children aged 9 to 12 years were recruited to evaluate the effect of body mass on foot structure. Three reliable anthropometric measures were recorded: foot length, forefoot width, and navicular height.

Early intervention for the ocular and neurodevelopmental sequelae of Fetal Valproate Syndrome.

The established teratogenicity of antiepileptic drugs raises important issues in women of child-bearing age. While the association between neural tube defects and antiepileptic drugs is well recognised, other congenital malformations are known to occur. We report two siblings with characteristic craniofacial features of Fetal Valproate Syndrome who also had associated ocular and neurodevelopmental problems which would benefit from early recognition and intervention.

Who's keeping the code? Compliance with the international code for the marketing of breast-milk substitutes in Greater Glasgow.

Objective: To evaluate compliance with the World Health Organization's International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes in primary care, after the introduction of strict local infant feeding guidelines.

Design: An audit form was sent to all community-based health professionals with an infant feeding remit. Walking tours were conducted in a random sample of community care facilities.

Rapid growth in infancy: balancing the interests of the child.

Low birth weight is associated with a number of immediate adverse consequences, and it has been assumed that "catch-up" growth is a "good thing" because "better" nutritional status is associated with greater childhood health and survival. The same thinking applies to infants who suffer malnutrition and growth faltering during weaning. Recent studies suggest that the rapid postnatal growth of babies is associated with an enhanced risk for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and osteopenia in later life.

Multiplanar angled reconstructions of reconstructions--a dangerous practice using multidetector CT.

This case illustrates the dangers of using reconstructions to correct for positioning in multiplanar CT scans and using images that have already been reconstructed rather than the original source images. We present a case where a subdural haemorrhage was simulated by reconstructing already reconstructed images.