Categorisation of patients based on immune profiles: a new approach to identifying candidates for response to checkpoint inhibitors.

Objectives: Inhibitors to the checkpoint proteins cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) are becoming widely used in cancer treatment. However, a lack of understanding of the patient response to treatment limits accurate identification of potential responders to immunotherapy.

Methods: In this study, we assessed the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 on 19 leucocyte populations in the peripheral blood of 74 cancer patients.

Home enteral nutrition: Use of photo-elicitation to capture patient and caregiver experiences.

Background: Despite the importance of home enteral nutrition (HEN), there is a lack of understanding within the medical and general community of how HEN impacts the lives of patients and caregivers. Using a theoretical orientation that attends to the materiality of both everyday and medical objects, we explored patients' and family caregivers' everyday experiences of administering feeds during HEN.

Methods: Using the photo-elicitation interviewing method, patients on HEN and their family caregivers were asked to take up to 10 photographs to portray material items and activities that they considered foundational to HEN.