Identification of Distinct Visual Scan Paths for Pathologists in Rare-Element Search Tasks.

Background: The search for rare elements, like mitotic figures, is crucial in pathology. Combining digital pathology with eye-tracking technology allows for the detailed study of how pathologists complete these important tasks.

Objectives: To determine if pathologists have distinct search characteristics in domain- and nondomain-specific tasks.

Epidural Blood Patch for the Treatment of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Case Series.

Background: Epidural blood patch (EBP) is frequently used for the treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) and anesthesiologists are often involved in performing such procedures. However, the optimal technique and approach of EBP remains uncertain.

Methods: This case series included adult patients with SIH who underwent EBPs at London Health Science Centre, Ontario, Canada between 2010 and 2022.

The Impact of Neuroanesthesia Fellowship Training and Anesthesiologist-Surgeon Dyad Volume on Patient Outcomes in Adult Spine Surgery: A Population-Based Study.

Introduction: Extensive research has explored the impact of surgeons' characteristics on patient outcomes; however, the influence of anesthesiologists remains understudied. We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study to investigate the impact of anesthesiologists' characteristics on in-hospital morbidity after spine surgery.

Methods: Adult patients who underwent spine surgery at the London Health Science Centre, Ontario, Canada between January 1, 2010 and June 30, 2023 were included in this study.

Minimum 15-Year Survival of a Biconvex Inlay Patellar Component in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis of 2,530 Total Knee Arthroplasties From a Single Institution.

Background: Routine patellar resurfacing during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. To our knowledge, there are no studies reporting the long-term performance of a cemented biconvex all-polyethylene inlay component implanted at the time of primary TKA. The purpose of this study was to examine the 15-year survivorship and long-term clinical outcomes of this biconvex inlay patella used at our institution.

Fetal diagnosis and management of pulmonary artery sling: A case series.

Objective: Pulmonary artery sling is a rare congenital anomaly accounting for 2% of all patients with vascular anomalies that cause airway obstruction. In the normal heart, the left (LPA) and right (RPA) pulmonary arteries arise in the intrapericardial space. However, in the pulmonary artery sling, the LPA trunk arises in the extrapericardial space from the posterior aspect of the mid RPA and courses posterior to the trachea causing tracheal compression and, at times, bronchial compression.

Body composition and endometrial cancer outcomes.

Background: Obesity is a known risk factor for developing endometrial cancer. However, the association of obesity with endometrial cancer (EC) outcomes has not been clearly established. This study examined how outcomes in women with early stage EC vary with body composition measured via computed tomography (CT).

The Prevalence and Outcomes of Unexpected Positive Intraoperative Cultures in Presumed Aseptic Revision Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: The prevalence and outcomes of unexpected positive intraoperative cultures (UPC) in presumed aseptic revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of UPC and infection-free implant survival in this patient population. Secondly, we aimed to compare the infection-free implant survival between cohorts based on number of UPCs and antibiotic treatment.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Unexpected Positive Intraoperative Cultures in Presumed Aseptic Revision Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: The prevalence and outcomes of unexpected positive cultures (UPCs) of specimens taken during presumed aseptic revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of UPC and infection-free implant survival in this patient population. Secondary aims included identifying factors associated with subsequent infection-related failure in patients with UPC.

A randomized controlled trial investigating the value of patient-specific instrumentation for total knee arthroplasty in the Canadian healthcare system.

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to compare patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and conventional surgical instrumentation (CSI) for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in terms of early implant migration, alignment, surgical resources, patient outcomes, and costs.

Patients And Methods: The study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial of 50 patients undergoing TKA. There were 25 patients in each of the PSI and CSI groups.

Long-term outcomes of peginterferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis: results from the ADVANCE extension study, ATTAIN.

Background: ADVANCE was a phase III trial of the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a 125 µg every 2 or 4 weeks in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). ATTAIN was a 2-year extension study of ADVANCE. The aim was to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of peginterferon beta-1a 125 µg every 2 or 4 weeks in ATTAIN.

Systemic therapy in the curative treatment of head and neck squamous cell cancer: a systematic review.

Objective: To review the available evidence and make recommendations regarding use of systemically administered drugs in combination or in sequence with radiation (RT) and/or surgery for cure and/or organ preservation in patients with locally advanced nonmetastatic (Stage III to IVB) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LASCCHN).

Method: Recognizing the Meta-analysis of Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (MACH-NC) group reports have de facto guided practice since 2000, we searched for systematic reviews in the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews published from January 2000 to February 2015 in reference to 4 research questions. A search was also conducted for randomized trials (RCTs) up to February 2015 not included in the meta-analyses.

Early patient experience with an electro-anatomic navigation system dedicated to device lead implantation: feasibility and safety.

Introduction: Fluoroscopy-guided pacing lead placement has well-recognized limitations and risks. We studied the safety and feasibility of using a novel electromagnetic navigation system specifically designed to guide pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead placement.

Methods: Twenty-four patients (mean age of 54±34 years) underwent the study protocol; 16 before electrophysiology study and eight before device implantation.

Vascular smooth muscle cells orchestrate the assembly of type I collagen via alpha2beta1 integrin, RhoA, and fibronectin polymerization.

Assembly of collagen into fibrils is widely studied as a spontaneous and entropy-driven process. To determine whether vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) impact the formation of collagen fibrils, we microscopically tracked the conversion of soluble to insoluble collagen in human SMC cultures, using fluorescent type I collagen at concentrations less than that which supported self-assembly. Collagen microaggregates were found to form on the cell surface, initially as punctate collections and then as an increasingly intricate network of fibrils.