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Health Consequences of Thymus Removal in Adults.

N Engl J Med

August 2023

From the Centers for Regenerative Medicine (K.A.K., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) and Systems Biology (B.H.F.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), and Harvard Medical School (K.A.K., B.H.F., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) - all in Boston.

Background: The function of the thymus in human adults is unclear, and routine removal of the thymus is performed in a variety of surgical procedures. We hypothesized that the adult thymus is needed to sustain immune competence and overall health.

Methods: We evaluated the risk of death, cancer, and autoimmune disease among adult patients who had undergone thymectomy as compared with demographically matched controls who had undergone similar cardiothoracic surgery without thymectomy.

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