Screening and Selection of Native Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Chilean Grapes.

The aim of this study was investigating the biological diversity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Chilean grapes and identifying potential candidates for use as malolactic fermentation starter cultures. The isolated bacteria underwent a comprehensive six-stage screening process, which was mutually exclusive except for the evaluation of tyramine production and citric acid intake. This process included morphological, metabolic, fermentation yield, and resistance tests to identify promising malolactic strains.

The role of the complement system in Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Background: This research explores complement activation products involvement and risk and protective polymorphisms in the complement alternative pathway genes in Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) pathogenesis.

Methods: We analyzed the levels of complement activation products, C3a, C5a and soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9) and plasma concentrations of Factor H (FH) and FH-related protein 1 (FHR-1) in 44 patients with STEC-HUS, 12 children with STEC-positive diarrhea (STEC-D), and 72 healthy controls (HC). STEC-HUS cases were classified as "severe" or "non-severe".

Solutions to expand microbiome sciences in the Caribbean Region: an insider's perspective.

The Caribbean harbors diverse genetic resources, yet microbiome research in the region remains poorly characterized. Addressing infrastructure and training challenges through collaborations and capacity building is vital. This article reflects on the obstacles facing microbiome research in the region and proposes solutions to ensure equitable participation in the global microbial research ecosystem.

Targeted Enrichment Sequencing Utilizing a Respiratory Pathogen Panel for Genomic Wastewater-Based Viral Epidemiology in Uruguay.

Human respiratory and enteric viruses are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Wastewater-based epidemiology utilizing next-generation sequencing serves as an effective tool for monitoring viral circulation dynamics at the community level. However, these complex environmental samples are often laden with other microorganisms and host genomic material, which can hinder the sensitivity of viral detection.

Host metabolism balances microbial regulation of bile acid signalling.

Metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota, including bile acids (BA), extensively modulate vertebrate physiology, including development, metabolism, immune responses and cognitive function. However, to what extent host responses balance the physiological effects of microbiota-derived metabolites remains unclear. Here, using untargeted metabolomics of mouse tissues, we identified a family of BA-methylcysteamine (BA-MCY) conjugates that are abundant in the intestine and dependent on vanin 1 (VNN1), a pantetheinase highly expressed in intestinal tissues.

Optimizing power grids: A valley-filling heuristic for energy-efficient electric vehicle charging.

The expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) challenges electricity grids by increasing charging demand, thereby making Demand-Side Management (DSM) strategies essential to maintaining balance between supply and demand. Among these strategies, the Valley-Filling approach has emerged as a promising method to optimize renewable energy utilization and alleviate grid stress. This study introduces a novel heuristic, Load Conservation Valley-Filling (LCVF), which builds on the Classical and Optimistic Valley-Filling approaches by incorporating dynamic load conservation principles, enabling better alignment of EV charging with grid capacity.

Pharmacokinetics of Methadone in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces profound physiological changes that may alter the pharmacokinetics of methadone. We aimed to describe the pharmacokinetics of an intravenous bolus of methadone racemate in adult patients undergoing heart surgery with CPB.

Methods: We prospectively studied 29 patients aged 45 to 75 years scheduled for cardiac surgery with CPB who received methadone 0.

Assessing neighbourhood-scale BTI spray applications and laboratory-based mortality testing on larval development.

Mosquitoes, particularly , pose significant public health risks by transmitting diseases like dengue, zika and chikungunya. var. (BTI) is a crucial larvicide targeting mosquitoes while sparing other organisms and the environment.

Morbillivirus Canis Infection Induces Activation of Three Branches of Unfolded Protein Response, MAPK and Apoptosis.

, commonly named Canine distemper virus (CDV), is a morbillivirus implicated in several signs in the family. In dogs (), common signs of infection include conjunctivitis, digital hyperkeratosis and neuropathologies. Even with vaccination, the canine distemper disease persists worldwide so the molecular pathways implicated in the infection processes have been an interesting and promising area in new therapeutic drugs research in recent years.

Education of Patients with Asthma Leading to the Self-management of their Condition? The primary Health Care Providers' Approach.

Unlabelled: Asthma is a chronic non-communicable disease considered a serious health problem worldwide. The Chronic Care Model promotes the self-management of patients' chronic conditions. This process requires an active engagement of health professionals to provide education for patients to manage their disease better.

Comparative analysis of the stress and immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) inoculated with live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis.

Piscirickettsiosis causes the highest mortality in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farming, and prophylactic treatment has not provided complete protection to date. In this study, we analyzed the immune and metabolic responses of Atlantic salmon inoculated with live and inactivated Piscirickettsia salmonis, monitoring plasma markers related to immune and stress responses. The fish were inoculated with inactivated P.

The effects of chicken hydrolyzed proteins in extruded diets on plasma and fecal metabolic profiles in adult dogs.

Research has shown various hydrolyzed proteins possessed beneficial physiological functions; however, the mechanism of how hydrolysates influence metabolism is unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of different sources of protein hydrolysates, being the main dietary protein source in extruded diets, on metabolism in healthy adult dogs. Three complete and balanced extruded canine diets were formulated: control chicken meal diet (CONd), chicken liver and heart hydrolysate diet (CLHd), mechanically separated chicken hydrolysate diet (CHd).

Exploring coach and parent transformational leadership and their associations with social identity in adolescents.

The main objective of this study was to explore the associations between the transformational leadership of coaches and parents and adolescent athletes' social identity and examine the roles of gender and the stage of adolescence in these relationships. Furthermore, this study aimed to provide empirical evidence on measurement invariance across gender and the adolescent stage in the adapted Spanish version of the Social Identity Questionnaire for Sport (SIQS). The sample consisted of 656 athletes (299 males and 357 females) from 12 to 18 years old (M = 15.

Structural inequality linked to brain volume and network dynamics in aging and dementia across the Americas.

Structural inequality, the uneven distribution of resources and opportunities, influences health outcomes. However, the biological embedding of structural inequality in aging and dementia, especially among underrepresented populations, is unclear. We examined the association between structural inequality (country-level and state-level Gini indices) and brain volume and connectivity in 2,135 healthy controls, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobe degeneration from Latin America and the United States.

Maize drought protection by Azospirillum argentinense Az19 requires bacterial trehalose accumulation.

Azospirillum argentinense Az19 is an osmotolerant plant growth-promoting bacterium that protects maize plants from drought. In this work, we explored the role of trehalose in the superior performance of Az19 under stress. The trehalase-coding gene treF was constitutively expressed in Az19 through a miniTn7 system.

Mortality Profile of Deaths Related to Infective Endocarditis in Brazil and Regions: A Population-Based Analysis of Death Records.

Background: Studies of infective endocarditis (IE) are generally limited to institutions, underlining the need for more comprehensive epidemiological research.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the mortality profile of IE-related deaths and related causes in Brazil at the national level and across regions.

Method: We conducted a population-based study using data from the country's mortality information system for the period 2000 to 2019.

Probiotic Potential of Yeasts Isolated from Fermented Beverages: Assessment of Antagonistic Strategies Against Serovar Enteritidis.

Global concern about pathogenic resistance to antibiotics is prompting interest in probiotics as a strategy to prevent or inhibit infections. Fermented beverages are promising sources of probiotic yeasts. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic effects of , , and strains from kefir and wine against serovar Enteritidis in intestinal epithelial cells.

FISPGHAN statement on the global public health impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

As rates of obesity rise worldwide, incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly referred to as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is increasing, worsening the burden of healthcare systems. The council of the Federation of International Societies for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (FISPGHAN) identified the topic of MASLD epidemiology, treatment, and prevention as a global priority issue to be addressed by an expert team, with the goal to describe feasible and evidence-based actions that may contribute to reducing MASLD risk. The FISPGHAN member societies nominated experts in the field.

Causes of Death Following Coronary Revascularization in Patients with Diabetes.

Background: In patients with diabetes and multivessel coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been associated with higher long-term cardiovascular mortality compared to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but the specific causes of death are not well known. We aimed to determine the causes of death among patients with diabetes and multivessel disease undergoing coronary revascularization with PCI versus CABG.

Methods: We analyzed the centrally adjudicated causes of death of 1,900 participants in the FREEDOM trial.

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Expert Consensus Statements on a Framework for a Standardized National Robotic Curriculum for Thoracic Surgery Trainees.

Objective: With robotic technology's rapid growth and integration, an urgent need to bridge the educational gap in thoracic surgical training has emerged. This document, a result of consensus among a group of experts in the practice and training of robotic surgery from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), aims to provide a framework for a standardized national robotic curriculum for thoracic surgery trainees.

Methods: The STS Task Force on Robotic Thoracic Surgery and Workforce on E-learning and Educational Innovation assembled an expert group with the input of the Thoracic Surgery Director's Association (TSDA).

Microbiome testing in Europe: navigating analytical, ethical and regulatory challenges.

Background: In recent years, human microbiome research has flourished and has drawn attention from both healthcare professionals and general consumers as the human microbiome is now recognized as having a significant influence on human health. This has led to the emergence of companies offering microbiome testing services. Some of these services are sold directly to the consumer via companies' websites or via medical laboratory websites.

Lack of canonical activities of connexins in highly aggressive human prostate cancer cells.

Connexins (Cxs) have the ability to form channels that allow the exchange of ions/metabolites between adjacent cells (gap junction channels, GJC) or between the intra- and extra-cellular compartments (hemichannels, HC). Cxs were initially classified as tumor suppressors. However, more recently, it has been shown that Cxs exert anti- and pro-tumorigenic effects depending on the cell and tissue context.

Nimodipine in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Are Old Data Enough to Justify Its Current Treatment Regimen?

Nimodipine, a dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel antagonist, constitutes one of the mainstays of care to prevent delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) because it has been associated with a reduction in infarction rates and improvement in functional outcomes despite not significantly preventing angiographic vasospasm. Although it is a widely accepted treatment, controversies surrounding the current regimen of nimodipine in patients with aSAH exist. Still, there is a wide space open for randomized controlled trials or alternative study designs comparing different routes of administration, dosing, and timing of nimodipine treatment regimen in patients with aSAH.