Prevalence and factor associated with depressive symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint condition. Among OA patients, depressive symptoms are the most frequent psychiatric disorder, negatively impacting both prognosis and quality of life. This study analyzed the independent factors associated with the development of depressive symptoms in patients with OA and constructed a nomogram to assess the risk of developing depressive symptoms.

Deriving Mendelian Randomization-based Causal Networks of Brain Imaging Phenotypes and Bipolar Disorder.

Neuroanatomical variation in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) has been previously described in observational studies. However, the causal dynamics of these relationships remain unexplored. We performed Mendelian Randomization of 297 structural and functional neuroimaging phenotypes from the UK BioBank and BD using genome-wide association study summary statistics.

Twelve-month follow-up of a controlled trial of a brief behavioural intervention to reduce psychological distress in young adolescent Syrian refugees.

Aims: The majority of studies of mental health interventions for young adolescents have only evaluated short-term benefits. This study evaluated the longer-term effectiveness of a non-specialist delivered group-based intervention (Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions; EASE) to improve young adolescents' mental health.

Methods: In this single-blind, parallel, controlled trial, Syrian refugees aged 10-14 years in Jordan who screened positive for psychological distress were randomised to receive either EASE or enhanced usual care (EUC).

The Relationship Between Resilience and Mental Health Status Among Nurses With Workplace Violence Experiences: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Nurses encounter many stressors and challenges at work, which can negatively affect their mental and physical health. Modern theories of resilience suggest that resilience is a dynamic process of positive adaptation to adversity. This process involves personal growth through adversity, developing effective coping strategies and inculcating the ability to cope with stress.

Trainee Autonomy and Supervision in the Inpatient Clinical Learning Environment.

Background: Balancing autonomy and supervision during medical residency is important for trainee development while ensuring patient safety. In the increasingly complex inpatient clinical learning environment, tension exists when this balance is skewed. In this study, we aimed to understand current and ideal states of autonomy and supervision and then describe factors that contribute to imbalance from both trainee and attending perspectives.

Inhibition of autophagy attenuates cognitive decline and mitochondrial dysfunction in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) on cognitive function, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, cellular autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, and to evaluate the intervention effects of autophagy modulation on these outcomes. Utilizing the APP/PS1 mouse model combined with CCH, we assessed cognitive function, Aβ deposition, and the expression levels of relevant proteins through behavioral tests and immunohistochemical analysis. Our findings revealed pronounced cognitive deficits and increased Aβ deposition in the AD + CCH group mice, along with upregulation of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1, Fis1) and downregulation of mitochondrial fusion proteins (Opa1, Mfn1), indicating a shift towards mitochondrial fission and promoting cell apoptosis.

Longitudinal changes following the introduction of socially assistive robots in nursing homes: a qualitative study with ICF framework and causal loop diagramming.

Background: Socially assistive robots introduced in nursing care settings have multidimensional psychological impacts on care recipients and caregivers. This study aims to explore the longitudinal changes induced by socially assistive robots, focusing on a chain of human behaviors.

Methods: In this qualitative study, nine participants from two nursing homes who had experience in manipulating socially assistive robots were interviewed in a semi-structured focus group using a topic guide to explore the changes in care recipients and caregivers.

Visual quality of life in NMOSD and MOGAD: profiles, dynamics and associations with ageing and vision.

Objective: In this multicentric study, we were interested in the vision-related quality of life and its association with visual impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in comparison to multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls.

Methods: We analysed extracted data from the German NEMOS registry including National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) scores, high and low contrast visual acuity (HCVA, LCVA), visually evoked potentials (VEP) and the scores for the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and other neurological tests which assessed their disease-related impairment. The mean follow-up time of our patients was 1.

ADAPTing to participant distress: A protocol for applied improvisation in healthcare.

Introduction: Applied improvisation (improv) is an emerging innovative approach to clinical education and requires the cultivation of a highly engaged learning environment. With highly interactive and engaging forms of learning, it is critical to address participant distress and psychological safety in an improv learning environment in order to prevent damage to the learning capacities of individual participants as well as the group as a whole. However, little is available to guide applied improv practitioners to navigate the socially complex dynamics of participant distress during an improv session.

Escaping the ordinary: a review of escape rooms in medical and veterinary education.

Background: Escape rooms (ERs), immersive role-playing games that require participants to solve a series of puzzles within a set time to achieve a specific goal, have gained popularity as innovative educational tools.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus, for articles published between inception of journals to April 2024, focusing on the integration, outcomes, and participants' perceptions of ERs in medical and veterinary education.

Results: A total of 619 articles were retrieved, of which 12 articles met the inclusion criteria for final analysis.

Dulce Digital-Me: results of a randomized comparative trial of static versus adaptive digital interventions for Latine adults with diabetes.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a static, text-based diabetes education and support intervention (Dulce Digital, DD) versus a dynamic approach with personalized feedback and goal setting (Dulce Digital-Me, DD-Me) in improving diabetes outcomes.

Design And Methods: Comparative effectiveness trial in 310 Latine adults with poorly managed type 2 diabetes in a Federally Qualified Health Center in Southern California, randomized to DD, DD-Me-Auto (algorithm-driven text-based personalized feedback), or DD-Me-Tel (coach delivered personalized feedback). Changes in HbA1c (primary outcome), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and patient-reported outcomes were examined across 6 and 12 months, with the primary comparison being DD versus DD-Me (combined automated and telephonic).

Process-based therapy vs. routine-CBT for difficult-to-treat mood and anxiety disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Process-based therapy (PBT) is a new framework to intervention planning, based on the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data and dynamic and idiographic network analyses. Support for its applicability has been reported from a single-case studies. Here, we examine the feasibility and effectiveness of PBT in a larger clinical sample.

Functional anatomy and topographical organization of the frontotemporal arcuate fasciculus.

Traditionally, the frontotemporal arcuate fasciculus (AF) is viewed as a single entity in anatomo-clinical models. However, it is unclear if distinct cortical origin and termination patterns within this bundle correspond to specific language functions. We use track-weighted dynamic functional connectivity, a hybrid imaging technique, to study the AF structure and function in two distinct datasets of healthy subjects.

Acquisition of musical skills and abilities in older adults-results of 12 months of music training.

Background: Older adults can acquire new skills across different domains. Practicing a musical instrument has been identified as a promising activity for improving cognition, promoting well-being, and inducing brain plasticity in older individuals. However, the mechanisms of these changes are still poorly understood.

Editorial: The usual suspects and beyond - decontextualization as explanation for the suboptimal uptake of parenting interventions.

Although parenting interventions are recommended by major clinical guidelines for managing children's behavioral challenges, including ADHD, their uptake in clinical practice remains limited. Building on the contributions of Hodson et al. and Nijboer et al.

Measuring personality in Libyan Arabs: validating the big five aspect scale with 10 factors domain.

Research has developed the Big-Five Aspect Scale (BFAS), supporting a five-domain model that includes 10 related aspects. In Arabic societies, there is currently a lack of validation evidence for a scale with these 10 aspects. Thus, this study develops and examines the psychometric properties of the short version of the BFAS (BFAS-SV) within Libyan Arab adults.

Exploring the interplay of academic stress, motivation, emotional intelligence, and mindfulness in higher education: a longitudinal cross-lagged panel model approach.

Students in higher education often encounter significant academic pressure, which can have profound implications for their mental health and academic performance. The current study employs a two-wave longitudinal design to investigate the dynamic interrelationships among academic stress, academic motivation, emotional intelligence, and mindfulness. The study employed a cross-lagged panel model to investigate the temporal interactions among these four constructs and their influence on the academic experiences of doctoral students.

Validation of the European Oncology toolkit for the self-assessment of Quality of Life (EUonQoL-Kit) in cancer patients and survivors: study protocol of a pan European survey.

Background: European cancer programmes and policies lack a unified health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment tool. The European oncology quality of life toolkit (EUonQoL-Kit) is a novel set of HRQoL questionnaires, co-designed with cancer patients and survivors, translated and culturally adapted into 31 European languages, and with both static and dynamic electronic administration modes. The main aim of this study is the psychometric assessment of the static version.

The clinically relevant MEK inhibitor mirdametinib combined with D-cycloserine and prediction error disrupts fear memory in PTSD models.

This study establishes mirdametinib as the first MEK inhibitor that can undergo clinical development for psychiatric indications such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is characterized by persistent traumatic memories with limited effective treatment options. A body of evidence suggests that memory storage is dynamic and constantly updated through post-retrieval modification a process termed reconsolidation.

Inferring when to move.

Most of our movement consists of sequences of discrete actions at regular intervals-including speech, walking, playing music, or even chewing. Despite this, few models of the motor system address how the brain determines the interval at which to trigger actions. This paper offers a theoretical analysis of the problem of timing movements.

The Impact and Wider Implications of Remote Consultations for General Practice in Norway: Qualitative Study Among Norwegian Contract General Practitioners.

Background: The digital shift toward remote consultations in general practice needs ongoing monitoring to understand its impact on general practice organizations and the wider health care system.

Objective: This study aimed to explore how remote consultations impact on contracted general practitioner (GP) practices and how GPs perceive the implications of this uptake for the overall health care system.

Methods: In total, 5 focus groups were conducted with a total of 18 GPs from all 4 health regions of Norway in 2022.

Fathers as Key Figures Shaping the Foundations of Early Childhood Development: An Exploratory Longitudinal Study on Web-Based Intervention.

Early childhood development is profoundly influenced by parent-child interactions, with recent research emphasizing the crucial role fathers play alongside mothers. Paternal involvement, especially in caregiving activities like feeding, positively impacts children's cognitive, emotional, and social development. However, paternal depressive symptoms can hinder the quality of these interactions, potentially leading to long-term behavioral and emotional difficulties in children.