A comparison of manual electrocardiographic interval and waveform analysis in lead 1 of 12-lead ECG and Apple Watch ECG: A validation study.

Background: The Apple Watch Series 4 (AW) can detect atrial fibrillation and perform a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), but the clinical accuracy of AW ECG waveforms compared to lead 1 of a 12-lead ECG is unclear.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of interval measurements on AW ECG tracings in comparison to lead 1 on a 12-lead ECG.

Methods: We obtained ECGs at a university hospital of healthy volunteers age >18 years.

Social factors and injury characteristics associated with the development of perceived injury stigma among burn survivors.

Improvement in burn survival has shifted the focus of burn care from beyond merely preserving life to improving the quality of life for burn survivors. Healthy psychosocial function is critical to the development of sustained elevations in quality of life after injury, with social and community integration serving a crucial role. Accordingly, the experience of social stigma could pose a significant hindrance to the process of recovery.

Mitigating alemtuzumab-associated autoimmunity in MS: A "whack-a-mole" B-cell depletion strategy.

Objective: To determine whether the punctuated administration of low-dose rituximab, temporally linked to B-cell hyperrepopulation (defined when the return of CD19 B cells approximates 40%-50% of baseline levels as measured before alemtuzumab treatment inception), can mitigate alemtuzumab-associated secondary autoimmunity.

Methods: In this hypothesis-driven pilot study, 10 patients received low-dose rituximab (50-150 mg/m), a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, after either their first or second cycles of alemtuzumab. These patients were then routinely assessed for the development of autoimmune disorders and safety signals related to the use of dual monoclonal antibody therapy.

Impact of geriatric trauma service on the outcome of older trauma patents.

Aim: The number of geriatric trauma patients is rising; yet, there is no established best team to care for them. This study analyzed a geriatric trauma service (GTS) that is integrated into the trauma surgery workflow rather than a separate consultation service. We hypothesize this team will lead to decreased mortality, shorter length of stay and increased favorable discharges for geriatric trauma patients.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Severely Injured Patients Using Current Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Definitions.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for critically injured trauma patients. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) practice guideline is the most up-to-date classification for AKI. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence and risk factors for AKI in critically injured trauma patients using the current KDIGO definitions.

Low Zone CGG Repeats: Phenotypic Associations in the Context of Parenting Stress.

The gene on the X chromosome has varying numbers of CGG repeats. The modal number is 30, and expansion to >200 results in fragile X syndrome, but the copy number extends down to 6. Past research suggests that individuals whose CGGs are in the "low zone" (LZ; defined here as ≤ 25 CGGs) may be more environmentally-reactive than those with normal range repeats (26-40 CGGs)-a gene x environment interaction.

Clinical Phenotypes of Atopy and Asthma in COPD: A Meta-analysis of SPIROMICS and COPDGene.

Background: Little is known about the concordance of atopy with asthma COPD overlap. Among individuals with COPD, a better understanding of the phenotypes characterized by asthma overlap and atopy is needed to better target therapies.

Research Question: What is the overlap between atopy and asthma status among individuals with COPD, and how are categories defined by the presence of atopy and asthma status associated with clinical and radiologic phenotypes and outcomes in the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD Study (COPDGene) and Subpopulation and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS)?

Study Design And Methods: Four hundred three individuals with COPD from SPIROMICS and 696 individuals from COPDGene with data about specific IgEs to 10 common allergens and mixes (simultaneous assessment of combination of allergens in similar category) were included.

Regional variation in human papillomavirus vaccination uptake and completion among adolescents 13-17 in the state of Texas.

Background: HPV vaccination rates remain low in the United States despite efforts to increase them, although rates vary geographically both at the state and regional level within the United States. This study examines differences in teen HPV vaccination rates and associated sociodemographic factors among six regions in Texas to understand potential variation insmaller regions. These differences may inform planning of local public health interventions aimed at increasing vaccination uptake in teens.

Manipulation Under Anesthesia After Total Knee: Who Still Requires a Revision Arthroplasty?

Background: Stiffness after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a multifactorial complication involving patient, implant, surgical technique, and rehabilitation, occasionally necessitating manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) or revision. Few modern databases contain sufficient longitudinal information of all factors. We characterized MUA after primary TKA and identified independent risk factors for revision TKA after MUA from the American Joint Replacement Registry.

Migraine Pathophysiology.

Migraine is the leading cause of years lost due to disability in individuals aged 15 to 49 years. Much has changed over the last three decades about our understanding of this complex neurological disorder. Various phases of migraine have been characterized and are the focus of this review.

Development of Learning Objectives to Guide Enhancement of Chronic Disease Prevention and Management Curricula in Undergraduate Medical Education.

: Chronic disease is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. With an increase in the demand for healthcare and rising costs related to chronic care, physicians need to be better trained to address chronic disease at various stages of illness in a collaborative and cost-effective manner. Specific and measurable learning objectives are key to the design and evaluation of effective training, but there has been no consensus on chronic disease learning objectives appropriate to medical student education.