Economic Impact of Changes in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Ventilation Strategies with the Advent of New Noninvasive Ventilation Techniques: A Review and Proposed Assessment Framework for High Flow Therapy as a Routine Respiratory Support Paradigm.

High flow therapy (HFT) has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective noninvasive respiratory support technique for the treatment of pre-term infants in neonatal intensive care. Our objective was to develop a quantitative framework based on available evidence to estimate the economic impact of adoption of a HFT respiratory support strategy compared to current standard of care. Model parameters were derived from a recent study comparing respiratory modality utilization between five US-based neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) adopting a HFT strategy and a larger pool of NICUs in the Vermont-Oxford Network (VON), and from single center experience.

Safety and Long Term Outcomes with High Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in Neonatology: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: High flow nasal cannula therapy (HFT) has been shown to be similar to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in neonates with respect to avoiding intubation. The objective of the current study is to determine if there are trends for adverse safety and long-term respiratory outcomes in very low birth weight infants (<1500 g) from centers using HFT as their primary mode of non-invasive respiratory support compared to data from the largest neonatal outcomes database (Vermont Oxford Network; VON).

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective analysis of pulmonary outcomes data was performed for the calendar years 2009, 2010 and 2011.