Tachycardiomyopathy entails a dysfunctional pattern of interrelated mitochondrial functions.

Tachycardiomyopathy is characterised by reversible left ventricular dysfunction, provoked by rapid ventricular rate. While the knowledge of mitochondria advanced in most cardiomyopathies, mitochondrial functions await elucidation in tachycardiomyopathy. Pacemakers were implanted in 61 rabbits.

Active multitask learning with uncertainty-weighted loss for coronary calcium scoring.

Purpose: The coronary artery calcification (CAC) score is an independent marker for the risk of cardiovascular events. Automatic methods for quantifying CAC could reduce workload and assist radiologists in clinical decision-making. However, large annotated datasets are needed for training to achieve very good model performance, which is an expensive process and requires expert knowledge.

[Morphological and functional diagnostics of coronary artery disease by computed tomography].

Computed tomography coronary angiography (cCTA) is a safe option for the noninvasive exclusion of significant coronary stenoses in patients with a low or moderate pretest probability for coronary artery disease (CAD). Furthermore, it also allows functional and morphological assessment of coronary stenoses. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndrome published in 2019 have strengthened the importance of cCTA in this context and for this reason it has experienced a considerable upgrade.

Depletion of Homeostatic Antibodies against Malondialdehyde-Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein Correlates with Adverse Events in Major Vascular Surgery.

We aimed to investigate if major vascular surgery induces LDL oxidation, and whether circulating antibodies against malondialdehyde-modified LDL (MDA-LDL) alter dynamically in this setting. We also questioned relationships between these biomarkers and post-operative cardiovascular events. Major surgery can induce an oxidative stress response.

Effects of Atrial Fibrillation on the Human Ventricle.

Rationale: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure often coexist, but their interaction is poorly understood. Clinical data indicate that the arrhythmic component of AF may contribute to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.

Objective: This study investigates the effects and molecular mechanisms of AF on the human LV.

Mortality risk prediction of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in suspected acute coronary syndrome: A cohort study.

Background: There is limited evidence on the use of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a biomarker for selecting patients for advanced cardiovascular (CV) therapies in the modern era. The prognostic value of mildly elevated hsCRP beyond troponin in a large real-world cohort of unselected patients presenting with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown. We evaluated whether a mildly elevated hsCRP (up to 15 mg/L) was associated with mortality risk, beyond troponin level, in patients with suspected ACS.

Evaluation of the spline reconstruction technique for preclinical PET imaging.

Background And Objective: The Spline Reconstruction Technique (SRT) is a fast algorithm based on a novel numerical implementation of an analytic representation of the inverse Radon transform. The purpose of this study is to provide a comparison between SRT, Filtered Back-Projection (FBP), Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization 2D (2D-OSEM), and the Tera-Tomo 3D algorithm, using phantom data at various acquisition durations as well as small-animal data obtained from the Mediso nanoScan® PET/CT scanner.

Methods: For this purpose, the "NEMA NU 4-2008 standards" protocol was employed at five different realizations and acquisition durations.

A roadmap for the characterization of energy metabolism in human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) are an increasingly employed model in cardiac research and drug discovery. As cellular metabolism plays an integral role in determining phenotype, the characterization of the metabolic profile of hiPSC-CM during maturation is crucial for their translational application. In this study we employ a combination of methods including extracellular flux, C-glucose enrichment and targeted metabolomics to characterize the metabolic profile of hiPSC-CM during their maturation in culture from 6 weeks, up to 12 weeks.

Quality of life after transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement using the Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Background: The Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (TASQ) is a validated instrument for assessing quality of life (QoL) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). In this study, we evaluated health status outcomes, based on the TASQ, in patients with severe AS undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Methods: The TASQ registry was a prospective observational registry.

Prognostic Utility of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography-derived Plaque Information on Long-term Outcome in Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term prognostic value of coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA)-derived plaque information on major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: In all, 64 patients with diabetes (63.3±10.

SGLT2 Inhibitors and Their Mode of Action in Heart Failure-Has the Mystery Been Unravelled?

Purpose Of Review: SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are new drugs for patients with heart failure (HF) irrespective of diabetes. However, the mechanisms of SGLT2i in HF remain elusive. This article discusses the current clinical evidence for using SGLT2i in different types of heart failure and provides an overview about the possible underlying mechanisms.

Stress activated signalling impaired protein quality control pathways in human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex myocardial disorder with no well-established disease-modifying therapy so far. Our study aimed to investigate how autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, stress signalling pathways, and apoptosis are hallmark of HCM and their contribution to the cardiac dysfunction. Demembranated cardiomyocytes from patients with HCM display increased titin-based stiffness (F), which was corrected upon antioxidant treatment.

The Interplay between S-Glutathionylation and Phosphorylation of Cardiac Troponin I and Myosin Binding Protein C in End-Stage Human Failing Hearts.

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the antioxidant defense system and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low levels, ROS are involved in the regulation of redox signaling for cell protection. However, upon chronical increase in oxidative stress, cell damage occurs, due to protein, DNA and lipid oxidation.

Detection of relevant extracardiac findings on coronary computed tomography angiography vs. invasive coronary angiography.

Objectives: To compare the detection of relevant extracardiac findings (ECFs) on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and evaluate the potential clinical benefit of their detection.

Methods: This is the prespecified subanalysis of ECFs in patients presenting with a clinical indication for ICA based on atypical angina and suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) included in the prospective single-center randomized controlled Coronary Artery Disease Management (CAD-Man) study. ECFs requiring immediate therapy and/or further workup including additional imaging were defined as clinically relevant.

The Amino Acid Transporter Mct10/Tat1 Is Important to Maintain the TSH Receptor at Its Canonical Basolateral Localization and Assures Regular Turnover of Thyroid Follicle Cells in Male Mice.

Cathepsin K-mediated thyroglobulin proteolysis contributes to thyroid hormone (TH) liberation, while TH transporters like Mct8 and Mct10 ensure TH release from thyroid follicles into the blood circulation. Thus, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) released upon TH demand binds to TSH receptors of thyrocytes, where it triggers Gα-mediated short-term effects like cathepsin-mediated thyroglobulin utilization, and Gα-mediated long-term signaling responses like thyroglobulin biosynthesis and thyrocyte proliferation. As reported recently, mice lacking Mct8 and Mct10 on a cathepsin K-deficient background exhibit excessive thyroglobulin proteolysis hinting towards altered TSH receptor signaling.

Patient delay and benefit of timely reperfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Background: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), it is unknown how patient delay modulates the beneficial effects of timely reperfusion.

Aims: To assess the prognostic significance of a contact-to-balloon time of less than 90 min on in-hospital mortality in different categories of symptom-onset-to-first-medical-contact (S2C) times.

Methods: A total of 20 005 consecutive patients from the Feedback Intervention and Treatment Times in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FITT-STEMI) programme treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included.

Dietary Essential Amino Acid Restriction Promotes Hyperdipsia via Hepatic FGF21.

Prior studies have reported that dietary protein dilution (DPD) or amino acid dilution promotes heightened water intake (i.e., hyperdipsia) however, the exact dietary requirements and the mechanism responsible for this effect are still unknown.

Effects of selective heart rate reduction with ivabradine on LV function and central hemodynamics in patients with chronic coronary syndrome.

Objectives: We assessed left ventricular (LV) function and central hemodynamic effects in patients with a heart rate (HR) at rest of ≥70 beats per minute (bpm) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) after long-term treatment with ivabradine compared to placebo by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Methods And Results: In a randomized, double-blinded, prospective cross-over design, 23 patients (18 male, 5 female) were treated with ivabradine (7.5 mg bid) or placebo for 6 months.

Generation and cardiac differentiation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a patient with arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy.

Arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC) is characterized by left-ventricular systolic dysfunction caused by persistent arrhythmia. To date, genetic or pathological drivers causing AIC remain unknown. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from an AIC patient.

The Thyroid Hormone Transporter Mct8 Restricts Cathepsin-Mediated Thyroglobulin Processing in Male Mice through Thyroid Auto-Regulatory Mechanisms That Encompass Autophagy.

The thyroid gland is both a thyroid hormone (TH) generating as well as a TH responsive organ. It is hence crucial that cathepsin-mediated proteolytic cleavage of the precursor thyroglobulin is regulated and integrated with the subsequent export of TH into the blood circulation, which is enabled by TH transporters such as monocarboxylate transporters Mct8 and Mct10. Previously, we showed that cathepsin K-deficient mice exhibit the phenomenon of functional compensation through cathepsin L upregulation, which is independent of the canonical hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, thus, due to auto-regulation.