Comorbidity Among Adults With Epilepsy - United States, 2021-2022.

While it is known that epilepsy often co-occurs with psychiatric disorders, few studies have examined nonpsychiatric comorbidity. We analyzed 2021 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey Sample Adult data. Compared with adults with no epilepsy, the 1.

Self-Harm as a Contributor to the Opioid Epidemic: Data From the Toxicology Investigators Consortium Registry.

Objectives: Although considerable focus has been placed on understanding the causes of opioid drug overdoses, the intentions for such overdoses are not well characterized. We investigated the motivations behind nonfatal opioid exposures resulting in serious adverse health outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed prospectively collected data on nonfatal opioid overdoses in the multicenter Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Core Registry between 2014 and 2021.

Rice Bran Extraction and Stabilization Methods for Nutrient and Phytochemical Biofortification, Nutraceutical Development, and Dietary Supplementation.

Rice is a global staple food crop for nearly half of the world's population. Rice bran along with the germ are essential components of whole-grain rice and have immense potential for enhancing human nutrition. Rice bran has a unique composition and distinct requirements for processing before it can be consumed by humans when compared with other cereal brans.

Integrating an Ethics Advisory Committee Into Public Health Response: A Case Study of COVID-19, Infection Prevention and Control, and Essential Work in the United States.

A lack of infection prevention and control protections for essential industries in the United States led to increased risk and incidence of COVID-19 among essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. When the nation deems an industry essential during a disease outbreak, an ethical obligation exists to safeguard the health of workers who are at increased risk of being exposed to disease. The Global Center for Health Security at the University of Nebraska Medical Center began work to rapidly develop and disseminate infection prevention and control guidance for essential industries, such as meat processing.

Cancer diagnosis and treatment in working-age adults: Implications for employment, health insurance coverage, and financial hardship in the United States.

The rising costs of cancer care and subsequent medical financial hardship for cancer survivors and families are well documented in the United States. Less attention has been paid to employment disruptions and loss of household income after a cancer diagnosis and during treatment, potentially resulting in lasting financial hardship, particularly for working-age adults not yet age-eligible for Medicare coverage and their families. In this article, the authors use a composite patient case to illustrate the adverse consequences of cancer diagnosis and treatment for employment, health insurance coverage, household income, and other aspects of financial hardship.

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity following MMR vaccination in 5-7-month-old infants: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 6540 Danish infants.

Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. Vaccinated mothers transfer fewer antibodies during pregnancy, resulting in shortened infant immunity. Earlier primary vaccination might avert the gap in protection.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in low-resource settings: a statement by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, supported by the AFEM, EUSEM, IFEM, and IFRC.

Most recommendations on cardiopulmonary resuscitation were developed from the perspective of high-resource settings with the aim of applying them in these settings. These so-called international guidelines are often not applicable in low-resource settings. Organisations including the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) have not sufficiently addressed this problem.

Can High and Consistent School-Related Protective Factors Prevent Cannabis Use Among American Indian Middle School Students?

Background: High cannabis use rates among American Indian (AI) adolescents necessitate the identification of factors that protect against early cannabis initiation.

Methods: Data collected from 279 AI middle school students attending reservation-based schools in 2018 and 2019 were analyzed. Three waves of data, with approximately 6 months between each, were used.

Morbidity and Functional Outcomes Following Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Hospitalization-Arizona, 2002-2017.

Background: Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a deadly tickborne disease disproportionately affecting Arizona tribal communities. While the acute clinical effects of RMSF are well-documented, more complete understanding of the long-term health consequences is needed to provide guidance for providers and patients in highly impacted areas.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of hospitalized RMSF cases from 2 tribal communities in Arizona during 2002-2017.

Meningococcal disease in North America: Updates from the Global Meningococcal Initiative.

This review summarizes the recent Global Meningococcal Initiative (GMI) regional meeting, which explored meningococcal disease in North America. Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases are documented through both passive and active surveillance networks. IMD appears to be decreasing in many areas, such as the Dominican Republic (2016: 18 cases; 2021: 2 cases) and Panama (2008: 1 case/100,000; 2021: <0.

Costs Around the First Year of Diagnosis for 4 Common Cancers Among the Privately Insured.

Background: We estimated trends in total and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs around the first year of diagnosis for privately insured nonelderly adult cancer patients.

Methods: We constructed incident cohorts of breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2016 using claims data from the Health Care Cost Institute. We identified cancer-related surgery, intravenous (IV) systemic therapy, and radiation and calculated associated total and OOP costs (in 2020 US dollars).

Neonatal resuscitation from a global perspective.

The majority of perinatal and neonatal mortality occurs in low-resource settings in low- and middle-income countries. Access and quality of care at delivery are major determinants of the health and survival of newborn infants. Availability of basic neonatal resuscitation care at birth has improved, but basic neonatal resuscitation at birth or high-quality care continues to be inaccessible in some settings, leading to persistently high perinatal and neonatal mortality.

Hydroxyzine Initiation Following Drug Safety Advisories on Cardiac Arrhythmias in the UK and Canada: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Introduction: Regulatory advisories on hydroxyzine and risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de pointes (TdP) were issued in the UK in April 2015 and Canada in June 2016. We hypothesized patients with risk factors for QT prolongation and TdP, compared with those without risk factors, would be less likely to initiate hydroxyzine in the UK and in British Columbia (BC), Canada, following advisories.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study with repeated measures, and evaluated hydroxyzine initiation in a UK cohort and a concurrent BC control cohort (April 2013-March 2016) as well as in a BC advisory cohort (June 2014-May 2017).

Cancer's Lasting Financial Burden: Evidence From a Longitudinal Assessment.

Background: The purpose of this study was to conduct a longitudinal analysis of out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) trajectories for the assessment of cancer's lasting financial impact.

Methods: We identified newly diagnosed cancer patients and constructed matched control group of noncancer participants from the 2002-2018 Health and Retirement Study. Outcomes included monthly OOPE for prescription drugs (RX-OOPE_MONTHLY) and OOPE for medical services other than drugs in the past 2 years (non-RX-OOPE_2YR), consumer debt, and new individual retirement account (IRA) withdrawals.