ASPEN survey of parenteral nutrition access issues: How the system fails the patient.

Background: Product shortages and a lack of qualified providers to manage care may impact the safety and efficacy of parenteral nutrition (PN). This survey assessed the frequency and extent to which limitations to PN-related access affects patients.

Methods: Outpatient/patients receiving home PN were surveyed.

Systematic review of disparities in continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump utilization in the United States: Key themes and evidentiary gaps.

Aim: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of real-world evidence pertaining to disparities in the utilization of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs)/insulin pumps to highlight potential evidentiary gaps and discern emerging themes from the literature.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of published manuscripts and abstracts was conducted from: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Nursing and Allied Health, Web of Science and CINHAL. Attributes related to patients, outcomes, interventions (CGMs/pumps/both) and study type were captured.

An In Silico-Guided Approach for Assessing Herb-Drug Interaction Potential: A Case Study with Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf Extracts.

leaf extracts have long been utilized as traditional oriental medicines across Asian countries like Korea, China, and Japan. These extracts are renowned for their therapeutic benefits in addressing inflammation, tumors, obesity, and diabetes, maintaining their status as a pivotal folk remedy. Given the rising trend of combining medicinal herbs with conventional medications, it is imperative to explore the potential herb-drug interactions.

EGR3 Inhibits Tumor Progression by Inducing Schwann Cell-Like Differentiation.

The mechanism and function of the expression of Schwann characteristics by nevus cells in the mature zone of the dermis are unknown. Early growth response 3 (EGR3) induces Schwann cell-like differentiation of melanoma cells by simulating the process of nevus maturation, which leads to a strong phenotypic transformation of the cells, including the formation of long protrusions and a decrease in cell motility, proliferation, and melanin production. Meanwhile, EGR3 regulates the levels of myelin protein zero (MPZ) and collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) through SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10)-dependent and independent mechanisms, by binding to non-strictly conserved motifs, respectively.

TMPRSS2 and glycan receptors synergistically facilitate coronavirus entry.

The entry of coronaviruses is initiated by spike recognition of host cellular receptors, involving proteinaceous and/or glycan receptors. Recently, TMPRSS2 was identified as the proteinaceous receptor for HCoV-HKU1 alongside sialoglycan as a glycan receptor. However, the underlying mechanisms for viral entry remain unknown.

MCL restrained ROS/AKT/ASAH1 pathway to therapy tamoxifen resistance breast cancer by stabilizing NRF2.

Tamoxifen resistance is a common and difficult problem in the clinical treatment of breast cancer (BC). As a novel antitumor agent, Micheliolide (MCL) has shown a better therapeutic effect on tumours; however, little is known about MCL and its role in BC therapy. With tamoxifen stimulation, drug-resistant BC cells MCF7TAMR and T47DTAMR obtained a high oxidative status and Amidohydrolase 1 (ASAH1) was abnormally activated.

Tonic type 2 immunity is a critical tissue checkpoint controlling autoimmunity in the skin.

Immunoregulatory mechanisms established in the lymphoid organs are vital for preventing autoimmunity. However, the presence of similar mechanisms in non-lymphoid tissues remains unclear. Through transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses, we find a negative association between psoriasis and fatty acid metabolism, as well as Th2 signature.

Consensus statement on extracellular vesicles in liquid biopsy for advancing laboratory medicine.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse class of nanoscale membrane vesicles actively released by cells. These EVs can be further subdivided into categories like exosomes and microvesicles, based on their origins, sizes, and physical attributes. Significantly, disease-derived EVs have been detected in virtually all types of body fluids, providing a comprehensive molecular profile of their cellular origins.

Tobacco-induced hyperglycemia promotes lung cancer progression via cancer cell-macrophage interaction through paracrine IGF2/IR/NPM1-driven PD-L1 expression.

Tobacco smoking (TS) is implicated in lung cancer (LC) progression through the development of metabolic syndrome. However, direct evidence linking metabolic syndrome to TS-mediated LC progression remains to be established. Our findings demonstrate that 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and benzo[a]pyrene (NNK and BaP; NB), components of tobacco smoke, induce metabolic syndrome characteristics, particularly hyperglycemia, promoting lung cancer progression in male C57BL/6 J mice.

Copper-Induced Supramolecular Peptide Assemblies for Multi-Pathway Cell Death and Tumor Inhibition.

Although self-assembly has emerged as an effective tool for fabricating biomaterials, achieving precise control over the morphologies and functionalities of the resultant assemblies remains an ongoing challenge. Inspired by the copper peptide naturally present in human plasma, in this study, we designed a synthetic precursor, FcGH. FcGH can self-assemble via two distinct pathways: spontaneous and Cu-induced.

Phase 3 Trial of Crinecerfont in Pediatric Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Background: Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency require treatment with glucocorticoids, usually at supraphysiologic doses, to address cortisol insufficiency and reduce excess adrenal androgens. However, such treatment confers a predisposition to glucocorticoid-related complications. In 2-week phase 2 trials, patients with CAH who received crinecerfont, a new oral corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor antagonist, had decreases in androstenedione levels.

UHPLC-PDA-Q-TOF-MS-α-amylase-FLD activity detection system and molecular docking.

Introduction: Traditional and some scientific literature document the antidiabetic effects of the Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS). However, the bioactive compounds of ZSS responsible for the antidiabetic effects are not well known.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the material basis of the antidiabetic effects of ZSS by inhibiting α-amylase.

MSC microvesicles loaded G-quadruplex-enhanced circular single-stranded DNA-9 inhibits tumor growth by targeting MDSCs.

Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promote tumor growth, metastasis, and lead to immunotherapy resistance. Studies revealed that miRNAs are also expressed in MDSCs and promote the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs. Currently, few studies have been reported on inducible cellular microvesicle delivery of nucleic acid drugs targeting miRNA in MDSCs for the treatment of malignant tumors.

Rapid investigating of phase I metabolites of SR9009 in vitro horse liver microsomes via feature-based molecular networking approach: Potential applications in doping control.

SR9009, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) agonist, is known for its potential benefits in energy homeostasis. It failed to receive the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) approval and its illegal distribution has raised concerns. As a result, it has been classified as a prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency and the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities (IFHA).

EGC enhances tumor antigen presentation and CD8 T cell-mediated antitumor immunity via targeting oncoprotein SND1.

The Staphylococcal nuclease and Tudor domain containing 1 (SND1) has been identified as an oncoprotein. Our previous study demonstrated that SND1 impedes the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) assembly by hijacking the nascent heavy chain of MHC-I to endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. Herein, we aimed to identify inhibitors to block SND1-MHC-I binding, to facilitate the MHC-I presentation and tumor immunotherapy.

Gastric Organoid, a Promising Modeling for Gastric Stem Cell Homeostasis and Therapeutic Application.

The elucidation of the pathophysiology underlying various diseases necessitates the development of research platforms that faithfully mimic conditions. Traditional model systems such as two-dimensional cell cultures and animal models have proven inadequate in capturing the complexities of human disease modeling. However, recent strides in organoid culture systems have opened up new avenues for comprehending gastric stem cell homeostasis and associated diseases, notably gastric cancer.

Comparative Analysis of the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects among Various Parts of Hu and Their Chemical Analysis.

Hu (ZS), as a "medicinal and food-homologous" plant, has been used for a long history. The study was to assess the sedative and hypnotic effects among various parts of ZS. The model, diazepam (DZP), ZS kernel (ZSS), ZS flesh (ZSF), and ZS husk (ZSKS) group occurred subsequent to the successful establishment of the para-chlorophenylalanine induced insomnia model via intraperitoneal injection.

Targeting estrogen mediated CYP4F2/CYP4F11-20-HETE metabolic disorder decelerates tumorigenesis in ER+ breast cancer.

Purpose: As the most common subset of breast cancer (BC), estrogen receptor positive (ER+) BC accounting for 80% of cases, has become a global public health concern. The female hormone estrogen (E2) unequivocally drives ER + breast malignancies. The reasons that estrogen affects BC development has long been considered, yet further study remains to be conducted of the molecular events in the E2-estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling pathway in ER + BC progression, especially lipid metabolism, so providing more options for tailored and individualized therapy.

Growth Process of Fe-O Nanoclusters with Different Sizes Biosynthesized by Protein Nanocages.

All protein-directed syntheses of metal nanoclusters (NCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention because protein scaffolds provide a unique metal coordination environment and can adjust the shape and morphology of NCs and NPs. However, the detailed formation mechanisms of NCs or NPs directed by protein templates remain unclear. In this study, by taking advantage of the ferritin nanocage as a biotemplate to monitor the growth of Fe-O NCs as a function of time, we synthesized a series of iron NCs with different sizes and shapes and subsequently solved their corresponding three-dimensional atomic-scale structures by X-ray protein crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy.

Radiosensitizing effect of a novel CTSS inhibitor by enhancing BRCA1 protein stability in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients harboring wild-type breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) account for most TNBC patients but lack adequate targeted therapeutic options. Although radiotherapy (RT) is the primary treatment modality for TNBC patients, radioresistance is one of the major challenges. RT-induced increase in cathepsin S (CTSS) causes radioresistance through suppressing BRCA1-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells, which was induced by CTSS-mediated degradation of BRCA1.