Comparisons of perioperative and survival outcomes of laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy for serosa-positive (pT4a) gastric cancer patients: a propensity score matched analysis.

Background: Data about whether laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) is applicable in serosa-positive (pT4a) gastric cancer patients remain rare. The purpose of this study is to compare the perioperative and long-term outcomes between the laparoscopic and open gastrectomy (OG) in pT4a gastric cancer patients who underwent curative resection.

Methods: A total of 1086 consecutive pT4a patients (101 patients with LG and 985 with OG) who underwent curative gastrectomy in a high-volume center between 2006 and 2016 were evaluated.

Establishing Transcription Profile of Psoriasiform Cutaneous In Vitro using HaCaT Cells Stimulated with Combination of Cytokines.

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease mediated by innate and adaptive immune systems, characterized by abnormal proliferation and differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Skin-specific keratinocytes are key participants in innate immunity, responding to immune cells and environmental stimulation, thereby serving an important role in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. Here, we present a method for inducing psoriasiform keratinocytes inflammation at transcription level with HaCaT cell line using five proinflammatory cytokines combination (M5 combination), including IL-17A, IL-22, IL-1α, TNF-α, and oncostatin M.

Diversity of the reaction mechanisms of SAM-dependent enzymes.

-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is ubiquitous in living organisms and is of great significance in metabolism as a cofactor of various enzymes. Methyltransferases (MTases), a major group of SAM-dependent enzymes, catalyze methyl transfer from SAM to C, O, N, and S atoms in small-molecule secondary metabolites and macromolecules, including proteins and nucleic acids. MTases have long been a hot topic in biomedical research because of their crucial role in epigenetic regulation of macromolecules and biosynthesis of natural products with prolific pharmacological moieties.

Imbalanced Innate Lymphoid Cells are Associated With Disease Activity and Arthritis Involvement in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the frequency and absolute number of circulating innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets and their associations with clinical and serological features in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Patients And Methods: We recruited 28 SLE patients (6 males, 22 females; mean age 37.57 years; range, 18 to 56 years) and 13 healthy controls (4 males, 9 females; mean age 32.

Adaptive Mechanisms of Tumor Therapy Resistance Driven by Tumor Microenvironment.

Cancer is a disease which frequently has a poor prognosis. Although multiple therapeutic strategies have been developed for various cancers, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, resistance to these treatments frequently impedes the clinical outcomes. Besides the active resistance driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations in tumor cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has also been reported to be a crucial regulator in tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance.

Versatility in acyltransferase activity completes chicoric acid biosynthesis in purple coneflower.

Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is a popular native North American herbal plant. Its major bioactive compound, chicoric acid, is reported to have various potential physiological functions, but little is known about its biosynthesis.

The pathogenesis and diagnosis of sepsis post burn injury.

Burn is an under-appreciated trauma that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Although the survival rate after devastating burn injuries has continued to increase in previous decades due to medical advances in burn wound care, nutritional and fluid resuscitation and improved infection control practices, there are still large numbers of patients at a high risk of death. One of the most common complications of burn is sepsis, which is defined as "severe organ dysfunction attributed to host's disordered response to infection" and is the primary cause of death in burn patients.

Development of small-molecule tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors for fusion cancers.

Tropomyosin receptor kinase A, B and C (TRKA, TRKB and TRKC), which are well-known members of the cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family, are encoded by the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1, 2 and 3 ( and ) genes, respectively. TRKs can regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and even apoptosis through the RAS/MAPKs, PI3K/AKT and PLC pathways. Gene fusions involving act as oncogenic drivers of a broad diversity of adult and pediatric tumors, and TRKs have become promising antitumor targets.

Filter-Assisted Separation of Multiple Nanomaterials: Mechanism and Application in Atomic/Mass Spectrometry/Fluorescence Label-Free Multimode Bioassays.

Atomic spectrometry (AS) has been widely used in bioassay, but it requires steps to immobilize or separate the signal molecules. In this work, based on the phenomenon that the filter membrane can selectively separate multiple nanomaterials (nanoparticles (NPs) and quantum dots (QDs)) and its related ions, including poly(thymine)-templated Cu NPs and free Cu, Ag NPs and free Ag, CdTe QDs and Cd, we constructed multimode and label-free biosensors by chemical vapor generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVG-AFS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and fluorescence. In this strategy, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and polynucleotide kinase (PNK), HO, and mucin 1 can be sensitively detected using Cu, Ag, and Cd as the signal probe, respectively.

Nonstructural protein 7 and 8 complexes of SARS-CoV-2.

The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across the world has led to millions of infection cases and caused a global public health crisis. Current research suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious coronavirus that spreads rapidly through communities. To understand the mechanisms of viral replication, it is imperative to investigate coronavirus viral replicase, a huge protein complex comprising up to 16 viral nonstructural and associated host proteins, which is the most promising antiviral target for inhibiting viral genome replication and transcription.

Incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction after gastrectomy for gastric cancer and its risk factors: a long-term retrospective cohort study from a high-volume institution in China.

Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) has a significant impact on quality of life and medical costs. However, data about ASBO after gastrectomy remain sparse. From January 2009 to December 2017, 3025 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer were retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Long non-coding RNAs and cancer metastasis: Molecular basis and therapeutic implications.

Cancer metastasis, defined by the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells, disseminates from the primary site to progressively colonize in distant tissues, and accounts for most cancer-associated deaths. However, studies on the molecular basis of cancer metastasis are still in their infancy. Besides genetic mutations, accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetic alterations also contribute in a major way to the refractory nature of cancer metastasis.

A Peptide-Based Small RNA Delivery System to Suppress Tumor Growth by Remodeling the Tumor Microenvironment.

MicroRNAs can regulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes and are increasingly recognized as being involved in regulating the malignant progression of cancer, which is an important direction for the study and treatment of cancer. In addition, the tumor microenvironment has gradually become an important direction of study for combating cancer. Researchers can inhibit tumor growth by remodeling and suppressing an immunosuppressive phenotype in the tumor microenvironment.

Personalized neoantigen pulsed dendritic cell vaccine for advanced lung cancer.

Neoantigens are considered to be ultimate target of tumor immunotherapy due to their high tumor specificity and immunogenicity. Dendritic cell (DCs) vaccines based on neoantigens have exciting effects in treatment of some malignant tumors and are a promising therapeutic modality. Lung cancer is a lethal disease with the highest morbidity and mortality rate in the world.

Cytoplasmic SHMT2 drives the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer by inhibiting β-catenin degradation.

Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) plays a critical role in serine-glycine metabolism to drive cancer cell proliferation. However, the nonmetabolic function of SHMT2 in tumorigenesis, especially in human colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, remains largely unclear. SHMT2 expression in human CRC cells was identified by western blot and immunofluorescence assay.

BATF2 prevents glioblastoma multiforme progression by inhibiting recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

The basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor 2 (BATF2) has been implicated in inflammatory responses and anti-tumour effects. Little, however, is known regarding its extracellular role in maintaining a non-supportive cancer microenvironment. Here, we show that BATF2 inhibits glioma growth and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruitment.

Leaving no one behind: tracing every human thymocyte by single-cell RNA-sequencing.

The thymus is the primary organ for T-cell development, providing an essential microenvironment consisting of the appropriate cytokine milieu and specialized stromal cells. Thymus-seeding progenitors from circulation immigrate into the thymus and undergo the stepwise T-cell specification, commitment, and selection processes. The transcriptional factors, epigenetic regulators, and signaling pathways involved in the T-cell development have been intensively studied using mouse models.

Recent incidence trend of elderly patients with glioblastoma in the United States, 2000-2017.

Background: The incidence of glioblastoma increases significantly with age. With the growing and aging population, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of recent glioblastoma incidence trend in the United States. This study aims to provide in-depth description of the patterns of incidence trends and to examine the age-period-cohort effects to the trends of glioblastoma specific to elderly patients.

Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography prevents anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The role of intraoperative use of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) to prevent anastomotic leakage (AL) in rectal cancer surgery remains controversial.

Methods: The systematic review for studies evaluating ICGFA in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed up to April 30, 2020. The primary outcome was the incidence of AL.