Application of apparent diffusion coefficient of extraocular muscles from diffusion tensor imaging scanning in the assessment of disease activity of thyroid eye disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in differentiating activity of thyroid eye disease (TED).

Method: Forty-two TED patients who underwent diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 29 patients in analysis group and 13 patients in validation group. The mean, maximum and minimum ADC value of each EOM were regarded as ADCmean, ADCmax and ADCmin.

Exploring and identifying the imaging biomarkers for predicting anti-VEGF treatment response in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a hemorrhagic fundus disease that can lead to permanent vision loss. Predicting the treatment response to anti-VEGF monotherapy in PCV is consistently challenging. We aimed to conduct a prospective multicenter study to explore and identify the imaging biomarkers for predicting the anti-VEGF treatment response in PCV patients, establish predictive model, and undergo multicenter validation.

Regulation mechanisms of disulfidptosis-related genes in ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease.

Introduction: Disulfidptosis is a recently identified form of cell death that contributes to maintaining the internal environment balance of an organism. However, the molecular basis of disulfidptosis in ulcerative colitis (UC), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and Crohn's disease (CD) has not been thoroughly explored.

Methods: Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and disulfidptosis-associated genes (DAGs) were obtained through differential analysis between diseases (AS, CD, and UC) and control groups.

Associations of and Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Ankylosing Spondylitis with or without Acute Anterior Uveitis.

Background: This research aims to explore the associations between ten candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on Interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R) and Interleukin-10 (IL10) genes and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with or without acute anterior uveitis (AAU).

Methods: This study involved a case-control approach that examined 354 cases with AS and AAU, 377 AS cases without AAU, and 918 healthy controls. Genotyping of ten SNPs of IL10 and IL6R genes was performed using iPLEX Gold genotyping method.

Mitochondrial ferritin upregulation reduced oxidative stress and blood-brain-barrier disruption by maintaining cellular iron homeostasis in a neonatal rat model of germinal matrix hemorrhage.

Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a devasting neurological disease in premature newborns. After GMH, brain iron overload associated with hemoglobin degradation contributed to oxidative stress, causing disruption of the already vulnerable blood-brain barrier (BBB). Mitochondrial ferritin (FTMT), a novel mitochondrial outer membrane protein, is crucial in maintaining cellular iron homeostasis.

HISTOLOGY, DIMENSIONS, AND FLUORESCEIN STAINING CHARACTERISTICS OF NODULAR AND CUTICULAR DRUSEN IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION.

Purpose: To enable in vivo analysis of drusen composition and lifecycle, the macular nodular and cuticular drusen were assessed using histology.

Methods: Median and interquartile range of base widths of single (nonconfluent) nodular drusen in three sources were determined histologically: 43 eyes of 43 clinically undocumented donors, in an online resource; one eye with punctate hyperfluorescence in fluorescein angiography; and two eyes of one patient with bilateral "starry sky" cuticular drusen. All tissues were processed for high-resolution epoxy-resin histology and for cuticular drusen, transmission electron microscopy.

Identification of the immune-related biomarkers in Behcet's disease by plasma proteomic analysis.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the expression profile of immune response-related proteins of Behcet's disease (BD) patients and identify potential biomarkers for this disease.

Methods: Plasma was collected from BD patients and healthy controls (HC). Immune response-related proteins were measured using the Olink Immune Response Panel.

Effect of a protein kinase B (Akt) inhibitor on the angiogenesis of HUVECs and corneal neovascularization.

Background: Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a vision-threatening disease and an increasing public health concern. It was found that administering an Akt inhibitor in the second phase of retinopathy significantly decreased retinal neovascularization.

Methods: This study investigated the effect of an Akt inhibitor on the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its impacts on the degree of CNV and corneal opacity in a rat keratoplasty model.

Histology of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization and Microvascular Anomalies in Treated Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Case Study.

Purpose: To investigate intraretinal neovascularization and microvascular anomalies by correlating in vivo multimodal imaging with corresponding ex vivo histology in a single patient.

Design: A case study comprising clinical imaging from a community-based practice, and histologic analysis at a university-based research laboratory (clinicopathologic correlation).

Participants: A White woman in her 90s treated with numerous intravitreal anti-VEGF injections for bilateral type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Genetic association of PRKCD and CARD9 polymorphisms with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in the Chinese Han population.

Background: Protein kinase C delta (PRKCD) and caspase recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9) are genes involved in B and T cell activation, and cytokine production, which are vital mechanisms underlying autoimmune disease development. This study aimed to explore the association of the PRKCD and CARD9 genes with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) disease. The case-control study was performed to in 912 patients with VKH and 878 normal controls.

A novel uveitis model induced by lipopolysaccharide in zebrafish.

Objective: Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) is an important tool for human uveitis study. This study was designed to develop a novel EIU model in zebrafish.

Methods: An EIU model in zebrafish was induced by intravitreal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection and was assessed dynamically.

Impaired Autophagy Causes Severe Corneal Neovascularization.

Purpose: To investigate the role of macrophage autophagy in the process of corneal neovascularization (CNV).

Methods: In vivo, mice CNV was induced by alkali injury and compared with rapamycin-treated alkaline burn mice. Western blot was used to determine the autophagic status of the macrophages.

Fibulin-1: a novel biomarker for predicting disease activity of the thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the association between fibulin-1(FBLN1) and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Method: The plasma FBLN1 levels were measured in 80 participants, including 30 active TAO patients, 25 inactive TAO patients, and 25 Graves disease (GD) patients without TAO using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: TAO patients had significantly higher TRAb level than GD patients (p < 0.

Extracellular vesicles microRNA-592 of melanoma stem cells promotes metastasis through activation of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway by targeting PTPN7 in non-stemness melanoma cells.

Melanoma, one of the most aggressive malignancies, its high mortality and low survival rates are associated with effective metastatic colonization. Melanoma metastasis hinges on the bidirectional cell-cell communication within the complex metastatic microenvironments (MME). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as a new class of molecular mediator in MME programing.

Recent progress and research trend of anti-cataract pharmacology therapy: A bibliometric analysis and literature review.

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation causes great burden to global healthcare, especially for low- and middle-income countries. Such burden would be significantly relieved if cataracts can effectively be treated or delayed by non-surgical means.

Glucocorticoid therapy reduces ocular hypertension in active moderate-severe thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Purpose: Ocular hypertension (OHT) is an important clinical feature of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).While the prevalence and outcome of OHT in TAO remains unclear. This study investigates this in moderate-severe active TAO.

Corneal morphological changes after small incision lenticule extraction for myopic anisometropia.

Purpose: This research aims to study the corneal morphological changes in adult patients with myopic anisometropia after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and the safety, efficacy, and predictability of clinical outcomes.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Patients with myopic anisometropia [refractive difference >2.

The effect of a-Lipoic acid (ALA) on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in high glucose-induced human corneal epithelial cells.

Purpose: Oxidative stress and inflammation had been proved to play important role in the progression of diabetic keratopathy (DK). The excessive accumulation of AGEs and their bond to AGE receptor (RAGE) in corneas that cause the formation of oxygen radicals and the release of inflammatory cytokines, induce cell apoptosis. Our current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of ALA on AGEs accumulation as well as to study the molecular mechanism of ALA against AGE-RAGE axis mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in HG-induced HCECs, so as to provide cytological basis for the treatment of DK.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of SMILE, FS-LASIK, and SBK in Myopic Patients and the Impact in UCVA and Tear Film Stability.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of femtosecond laser small incision stromal lens extraction (SMILE), femtosecond laser-assisted excimer laser keratomileusis (FS-LASIK), and anterior elastic sublaminar laser keratomileusis (SBK) in myopic patients, and their effects on uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and tear film stability. 600 myopic patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected for the study and divided into SMILE group (200 patients, SMILE treatment), FS-LASIK group (200 patients, FS-LASIK treatment), and SBK group (200 patients, SBK treatment) according to the random number table method. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), tear breakup time (BUT), tear secretion function test (Sit), and corneal higher-order image aberration global higher-order aberration (HOAS) were compared among the three groups.

Causal association of juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis with depression and anxiety: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: The objective of this article was to examine the potential effect of juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIAU) on the risk of major depressive and anxiety disorders through Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: Genetic instrumental variables from the largest available genome-wide association study for JIAU, major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder were applied. A set of complementary MR approaches including inverse-variance weighted (IVW) were carried out to verify the estimate association and assess horizontal pleiotropy.

AGE-RELATED RETENTIONAL AVASCULAR PIGMENT EPITHELIAL DETACHMENT VIEWED WITH INDOCYANINE GREEN ANGIOGRAPHY.

Purpose: Age-related scattered hypofluorescent spots on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ASHS-LIA) might represent hydrophobic neutral lipid deposits in the Bruch membrane. This study aimed to report retentional avascular pigment epithelial detachment (PED) associated with ASHS-LIA.

Methods: Patients aged ≥50 years who presented a single avascular serous PED without soft drusen or any other retinal or choroidal diseases were retrospectively included.

Correlation of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization With Corresponding Histology.

Importance: By validating optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in the analysis of type 3 macular neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration, the overall value of clinical OCTA for disease observation, diagnosis, and staging is increased.

Objective: To assess the association of in vivo OCTA of type 3 macular neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration with corresponding ex vivo histology.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study included clinical imaging, laboratory microscopy, and eye-tracked clinicopathologic correlation of a single case from a community-based practice evaluated at a university-based research laboratory from 2014 to 2019.

Visualizing lipid behind the retina in aging and age-related macular degeneration, via indocyanine green angiography (ASHS-LIA).

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes legal blindness in older adults worldwide. Soft drusen are the most extensively documented intraocular risk factor for progression to advanced AMD. A long-standing paradox in AMD pathophysiology has been the vulnerability of Asian populations to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in the presence of relatively few drusen.