Outcomes of Single or Two Stage Brachiobasilic Arteriovenous Fistula: A Nationwide Swedish Registry Study.

Objective: Creation of a basilic vein arteriovenous transposition fistula (BBAVF) can be performed either as a one or two stage procedure; however, evidence for the best technique is conflicting. The aim of this national registry review was to determine whether functional outcomes favoured either method.

Methods: This was an observational retrospective study with data from the Swedish Renal Registry.

Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Sensitization in a Moroccan Pediatric Population with Celiac Disease.

Introduction: Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that occurs following the ingestion of gluten, in genetically predisposed individuals. Patients with celiac disease, especially children, are likely prone to develop allergic reactions to different food allergens. However, the relationship between food allergy and celiac disease remains not elucidated.

Pivmecillinam with Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid as step down oral therapy in febrile Urinary Tract Infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (PACUTI).

Background: Oral treatment alternatives for febrile urinary tract infections are limited in the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance. We aim to evaluate if the combination of pivmecillinam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is non-inferior to current alternatives for step-down therapy in adult patients with febrile urinary tract infection.

Methods: We plan to perform an investigator-initiated non-inferiority trial.

The clinical and microbiological efficacy of temocillin versus cefotaxime in adults with febrile urinary tract infection, and its effects on the intestinal microbiota: a randomised multicentre clinical trial in Sweden.

Background: Use of third-generation cephalosporins, such as cefotaxime, is associated with an increased risk of selection for antimicrobial resistance, so alternative antibiotics need to be considered. The aim of the present study was to evaluate intestinal colonisation with third-generation cephalosporin-resistant pathogens following use of temocillin-an alternative antibiotic to cefotaxime that is potentially less prone to disturbing the intestinal microbiota-in empirical treatment of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods: We did a randomised, multicentre, superiority, open-label phase 4 trial in patients who had been admitted to inpatient care in 12 Swedish hospitals with suspected or diagnosed febrile UTI (complicated or uncomplicated).

Savings for visuomotor adaptation require prior history of error, not prior repetition of successful actions.

When we move, perturbations to our body or the environment can elicit discrepancies between predicted and actual outcomes. We readily adapt movements to compensate for such discrepancies, and the retention of this learning is evident as savings, or faster readaptation to a previously encountered perturbation. The mechanistic processes contributing to savings, or even the necessary conditions for savings, are not fully understood.

Factors Associated With Work Ability in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Cervical Radiculopathy.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the factors associated with work ability in patients undergoing surgery for cervical radiculopathy.

Summary Of Background Data: Surgery is a common treatment of cervical radiculopathy in people of working age.

Hospitalization for acute otitis media as a useful marker for disease severity.

Background: An increase in severe complications to otitis media is a potential threat to antibiotic restrictions and is difficult to measure due to its low-prevalent nature. Easily accessible indicators sensitive to illness change are needed to benchmark the judicious use of antibiotics.

Objective: To investigate whether there has been a constant increase of hospital admissions for acute otitis media after the year 2000.

Digestive physiology of the pig symposium: secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and eating control.

Nutrient ingestion triggers numerous changes in gastrointestinal (GI) peptide hormone secretion that affect appetite and eating. Evidence for these effects comes from research in laboratory animals, healthy humans, and, increasingly, obese patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, which has marked effects on GI hormone function and is currently the most effective therapy for morbid obesity. Increases in cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and decreases in ghrelin secretion after meals are triggered by changes in the nutrient content of the intestine.

Dietary and lifestyle factors in functional dyspepsia.

Dietary factors are increasingly recognized to have an important role in triggering symptoms in a large proportion of patients with functional dyspepsia. Fatty foods seem to be the main culprits, but other foods (including carbohydrate-containing foods, milk and dairy products, citrus fruits, spicy foods, coffee and alcohol) have also been implicated. However, blind challenge tests do not provide consistent results.

Low recurrence rate after laparoscopic (TEP) and open (Lichtenstein) inguinal hernia repair: a randomized, multicenter trial with 5-year follow-up.

Objectives: To compare a laparoscopic (totally extraperitoneal patch (TEP)) and an open technique (Lichtenstein) for inguinal hernia repair regarding recurrence rate and possible risk factors for recurrence.

Summary Background Data: Laparoscopic hernia repair has been introduced as an alternative to open repair. Short-term follow-up suggests benefits for those patients operated with a laparoscopic approach compared with open techniques; ie, less postoperative pain and a shorter convalescence period.

Mitral annular excursion during exercise in endurance athletes.

The aim of the present study was to quantify the left ventricular (LV) longitudinal motion during exercise at rest and during upright exercise in 24 healthy male endurance athletes. By using M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography, the relative mitral annular motion and the absolute LV longitudinal axis was measured at end-diastole and end-systole at rest and during exercise. From rest to peak exercise at a heart rate of 160 beats per minute (bpm) the mitral annular motion increased in the septal and lateral annular borders by 68% and 49% respectively.

Left ventricular end-diastolic geometrical adjustments during exercise in endurance athletes.

The increase in left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume has recently been shown to explain more than 70% of the increase in stroke volume during upright exercise in endurance athletes. As the end-diastolic volume enhancement not could be explained by an increase in axial cavity length an augmentation in LV short-axis diameters is to be expected. To investigate LV end-diastolic geometrical alterations during exercise, 15 endurance athletes were examined using contrast exercise echocardiography.

Echocardiographic Doppler assessments of left ventricular filling and ejection during upright exercise in endurance athletes.

Doppler echocardiography was used to describe left ventricular filling and ejection during upright bicycle exercise in 24 healthy male endurance athletes. The transmitral pressure gradient was estimated and isovolumetric relaxation, filling and ejection time and transmitral and aortic flow velocities were measured at rest and during exercise. From rest to peak exercise (at a heart rate of 160 bpm), the mean left ventricular filling time was shortened by 73%, the ejection time by 31%, while the isovolumetric relaxation time was shortened by 62%.

A case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria with an exceptionally long incubation period.

Clinical symptoms of Plasmodium falciparum malaria normally appear within 2 months of transmission. The incubation period is important for deciding whether a febrile illness is associated with a previous stay in a malarial region. This case report shows that P.

Left ventricular volumes during exercise in endurance athletes assessed by contrast echocardiography.

Aim: The objective was to assess left ventricular (LV) volumes at rest and during upright submaximal exercise in endurance athletes to see whether changes in heart volume could explain the large predicted increase in cardiac output in endurance athletes.

Method: Contrast echocardiography was used to assess changes in LV volumes during upright bicycle exercise in 24 healthy male endurance athletes. Maximal oxygen uptake and oxygen pulse were measured by using cardiopulmonary exercise testing.