What Outcomes Are Associated with Learning About Colonialism and Its Impacts on Indigenous Peoples in Health Professional Programs? A Critical Integrative Review.

Background: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada called upon health professional programs to teach about historical and on-going colonalism. Since these calls to action, there has been an increase in educational opportunities on the topic. Although it is generally assumed that learning about colonialism will reduce racism and improve allyship towards Indigenous Peoples, an evaluation of this assumption is needed.

Beliefs around the causes of inequities and intergroup attitudes among health professional students before and after a course related to Indigenous Peoples and colonialism.

Background: Addressing the Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action on including anti-racism and cultural competency education is acknowledged within many health professional programs. However, little is known about the effects of a course related to Indigenous Peoples and colonialism on learners' beliefs about the causes of inequities and intergroup attitudes.

Methods: A total of 335 learners across three course cohorts (in 2019, 2020, 2022) of health professional programs (e.

Resident and early-career family physicians' focused practice choices in Canada: a qualitative study.

Background: Focused practice within family medicine may be increasing globally, but there is limited research on the factors contributing to decisions to focus practice.

Aim: To examine the factors influencing resident and early-career family physician choices of focused practice across three Canadian provinces.

Design And Setting: A subset of qualitative interview data were analysed from a study across British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia, Canada.

Intergenerational communication regarding Indian Residential Schools: Implications for cultural identity, perceived discrimination, and depressive symptoms.

Two studies assessed the nature of parental communication about the trauma of Indian Residential Schools (IRSs) in relation to the psychological distress of their adult offspring, and whether the link between parental communication and distress was mediated by offsprings' greater awareness of collective discrimination or sense of pride in cultural identity. In Study 1, an online survey of Indigenous participants from across Canada ( = 498) demonstrated a curvilinear relation between the extent to which parents talked about their negative IRS experiences and the severity of depressive symptoms among offspring, among whom symptoms were particularly pronounced with more frequent communication. This relation was mediated by greater perceived discrimination.

Weight Status and DSM-5 Diagnoses of Eating Disorders in Adolescents From the Community.

Objective: To estimate jointly the point prevalence of weight and eating disorders in a community sample of adolescents; to investigate psychosocial correlates of thinness, overweight, and obesity, and of full- and subthreshold eating disorders (EDs); and to examine the relationships between weight status and prevalence of EDs.

Method: A total of 3,043 Canadian adolescents (1,254 males and 1,789 females; mean age = 14.19 years, SD = 1.

Profile and programming needs of federal offenders with histories of intimate partner violence.

This study presents data on male perpetrators of domestic violence (DV) in the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) using two samples: (a) a snapshot of all male offenders in CSC who had been assessed for DV (n = 15,166) and (b) a cumulative sample of male offenders in CSC from 2002-2010 who had been assessed as moderate or high risk for further DV (n = 4,261) DV offenders were compared to a cohort sample of non-DV offenders (n = 4,261). Analyses were disaggregated for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders. Results indicated that 40% of the federal male population had a suspected history of DV and were therefore screened in for in-depth DV risk assessment.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of substance abuse programming for female offenders.

Although a recent meta-analysis reported that substance abuse treatment was associated with moderate reductions in recidivism for female offenders, very few of the tests of treatment (k = 4) focused on adults. The purpose of this study was to contribute to this relatively sparse area of scientific inquiry by exploring the effectiveness of substance abuse programming in reducing recidivism for a sample of 98 federally sentenced female offenders in Canada. Results revealed a significant reduction in general recidivism for treated substance abusers.

Measuring subjective quality of life in people with serious mental illness using the SEIqoL-DW.

In response to suggestions that available measures may not adequately reflect the idiosyncratic nature of subjective quality of life, the schedule for the evaluation of individual quality of life (SEIQoL) was developed to allow individuals first to select and define their own dimensions of quality of life, and then to assign a relative weight to each of the dimensions they have chosen. A simplified version of the instrument, the SEIQoL-direct weighting (SEIQoL-DW), can be used to elicit similar information from subjects with impaired cognitive functioning. The present study explored the feasibility of using this technique with a sample of 35 clients with serious mental illness served by assertive community treatment (ACT) teams.

Production of harmonics in vitro by high-intensity focused ultrasound.

Experiments were performed to investigate the production of harmonics by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) produced by a spherical bowl; spherical radius 15 cm, frequency 1.7 MHz, as a function of beam power in excised bovine liver. The intensity of the nth harmonic, in both water and the tissue sample, varied approximately as the nth power of the incident intensity up to the point at which irreversible changes were produced in the sample.

The impact of perinatal loss on adjustment to subsequent pregnancy.

The current study compared the emotional adjustment of pregnant couples with and without a history of perinatal loss. Thirty-one pregnant women with a history of perinatal loss and 31 pregnant women with an unremarkable reproductive history were assessed between their 10th and 24th week of gestation. Partners were also recruited.

Ethics for working with communities of Indigenous Peoples.

Specific ethical guidelines for working with Indigenous Peoples have been adopted by several research institutions. Ethical principles aim at promoting cooperation and mutual respect between researchers and communities of Indigenous Peoples. These principles are meant to be continually assessed.

Production of ethyl acetate from dilute ethanol solutions by Candida utilis.

The conversion of ethanol to ethyl acetate has an advantage as a method of ethanol recovery since ethyl acetate is amenable to simple solvent extraction. The potential of Candida utilis in this conversion was studied. The kinetics of accumulation of ethanol and ethyl acetate in glucose-grown C.