Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in peri-operative care: Dispelling myths and unveiling insights with essential considerations for anaesthesiologists.

With the growing use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonists as anti-obesity medication it is becoming increasingly important to examine its consequences in the peri-operative period. GLP-1R agonists are known for their effects of glucose-lowering and gastroparesis the latter causing some safety concerns regarding induction of anaesthesia, more specifically the risk of pulmonary aspiration. This article gathers the available evidence on this subject in addition to the already established guidelines.

Associations of between- and within-day patterns of physical activity accumulation with arterial stiffness and indices of microvascular health-Evidence from The Maastricht study.

While physical activity (PA) is understood to promote vascular health, little is known about whether the daily and weekly patterns of PA accumulation associate with vascular health. Accelerometer-derived (activPAL3) 6- or 7-day stepping was analyzed for 6430 participants in The Maastricht Study (50.4% women; 22.

European stroke organisation (ESO) guideline on cerebral small vessel disease, part 2, lacunar ischaemic stroke.

A quarter of ischaemic strokes are lacunar subtype, typically neurologically mild, usually resulting from intrinsic cerebral small vessel pathology, with risk factor profiles and outcome rates differing from other stroke subtypes. This European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to assist with clinical decisions about management of lacunar ischaemic stroke to prevent adverse clinical outcomes. The guideline was developed according to ESO standard operating procedures and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.

Influence of Contrast Media Temperature and Concentration on Patient Comfort and Safety in Computed Tomography: CATCHY II Trial.

Background: Previous research on the necessity to reduce the viscosity of contrast media (CM) by either prewarming CM before injection during computed tomography (CT) or by using less concentrated CM has yielded conflicting results. In addition, there is limited evidence on patient comfort.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine if prewarming CM, with varying CM concentrations, is superior to CM at room temperature, with respect to patient comfort and safety in CT.

Weight Loss and Glycemic Control After Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents With Severe Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery is regarded as a valuable treatment option for adolescents with severe obesity. However, high-quality evidence of its superiority over prolonged conservative treatment with multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention (MLI) is limited. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery in adolescents without sufficient weight loss after MLI for severe obesity.

Management of patients on antithrombotic therapy with severe infections: a joint clinical consensus statement of the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis, the ESC Working Group on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, and the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

Patients with severe infections and a pre-existing indication for antithrombotic therapy, i.e. antiplatelet agents, anticoagulant drugs, or their combinations, require integrated clinical counselling among coagulation, infectious disease, and cardiology specialists, due to sepsis-induced coagulopathy that frequently occurs.

D-dimer testing: A narrative review.

D-dimer containing species are soluble fibrin degradation products derived from plasmin-mediated degradation of cross-linked fibrin, i.e., 'D-dimer'.

Tissue factor expression in monocyte subsets during human immunothrombosis, endotoxemia and sepsis.

Introduction: Tissue factor expression on monocytes is implicated in the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced coagulopathy. How tissue factor is expressed by monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate and non-classical) is unknown.

Methods: Monocytic tissue factor surface expression was investigated during three conditions.

Vascular Function, Systemic Inflammation, and Coagulation Activation 18 Months after COVID-19 Infection: An Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: Among its effect on virtually all other organs, COVID-19 affects the cardiovascular system, potentially jeopardizing the cardiovascular health of millions. Previous research has shown no indication of macrovascular dysfunction as reflected by carotid artery reactivity, but has shown sustained microvascular dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and coagulation activation at 3 months after acute COVID-19. The long-term effects of COVID-19 on vascular function remain unknown.

Lipid-induced transcriptomic changes in blood link to lipid metabolism and allergic response.

Immune cell function can be altered by lipids in circulation, a process potentially relevant to lipid-associated inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. To gain further insight in the molecular changes involved, we here perform a transcriptome-wide association analysis of blood triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol in 3229 individuals, followed by a systematic bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the direction of effects and control for pleiotropy. Triglycerides are found to induce transcriptional changes in 55 genes and HDL cholesterol in 5 genes.

The Association Between Diabetes Duration and Domain-Specific Cognitive Impairment: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Diabetes is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, and disease duration is associated with geriatric decline and functional disabilities.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association of diabetes duration with domain-specific cognitive impairment in elderly.

Methods: A total of 3,142 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the period between 2011 and 2014 were included.

Antithrombotic Therapy for Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: High-quality evidence from trials directly comparing single antiplatelet therapies in symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) to dual antiplatelet therapies or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) plus low-dose rivaroxaban is lacking. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis on the effectiveness of all antithrombotic regimens studied in PAD.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials.

EHA Guidelines on Management of Antithrombotic Treatments in Thrombocytopenic Patients With Cancer.

In cancer patients, thrombocytopenia can result from bone marrow infiltration or from anticancer medications and represents an important limitation for the use of antithrombotic treatments, including anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and fibrinolytic agents. These drugs are often required for prevention or treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis or for cardioembolic prevention in atrial fibrillation in an increasingly older cancer population. Data indicate that cancer remains an independent risk factor for thrombosis even in case of thrombocytopenia, since mild-to-moderate thrombocytopenia does not protect against arterial or venous thrombosis.

Association of Sarcopenia and A Body Shape Index With Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality.

Aim: This observational study aimed to examine the association between the A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and/or sarcopenia and total, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.

Methods: The associations of sarcopenia and ABSI with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality were assessed in 4,488 participants from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who were followed up until December 31, 2015. Models were analyzed separately for men and women and adjusted for age, race, and other confounding factors.

Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery Clinical Practice Guideline Development Scheme: An Overview of Evidence Quality Assessment Methods, Evidence to Decision Frameworks, and Reporting Standards in Guideline Development.

Objective: A structured and transparent approach is instrumental in translating research evidence to health recommendations and evidence informed clinical decisions. The aim was to conduct an overview and analysis of principles and methodologies for health guideline development.

Methods: A literature review on methodologies, strategies, and fundamental steps in the process of guideline development was performed.

Renal Clearance of Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF23) and its Fragments in Humans.

Relative abundance of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) measured by the C-terminal (cFGF23, which measures both intact FGF23 and C-terminal fragments) versus intact (iFGF23, measures only intact hormone) assays varies by kidney function in humans. Differential kidney clearance may explain this finding. We measured cFGF23 and iFGF23 in the aorta and bilateral renal veins of 162 patients with essential hypertension undergoing renal angiography.

Itching in dialysis patients: impact on health-related quality of life and interactions with sleep problems and psychological symptoms-results from the RENINE/PROMs registry.

Background: Itching (pruritus) is common in dialysis patients, but little is known about its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), sleep problems and psychological symptoms. This study investigates the impact of itching in dialysis patients by looking into the persistence of itching, the effect of itching on the course of HRQOL and the combined effect of itching with sleep problems and with psychological symptoms on HRQOL.

Methods: Data were obtained from the RENINE/PROMs registry and included 2978 dialysis patients who completed patient-reported outcome measures between 2018 and 2020.

Association Between Diabetic Retinopathy, Brain Structural Abnormalities, and Cognitive Impairment for Accumulated Evidence in Observational Studies.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cerebral disease or cognitive impairment.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method: The hypothesis was formulated prior to data collection.

Nationwide Experience with EVAS Relining of Previous Open or Endovascular AAA Treatment in The Netherlands.

Objective: Relining of a previously placed surgical graft or endograft for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a reintervention to treat progression of disease or failure of the primary (endo)graft. Endovascular Aneurysm Sealing (EVAS) relining is a technique with potential advantages due to the absence of a bifurcation, the possibility for a unilateral approach, and sealing concept of the endobags. The purpose of this study was to describe the nationwide experience with EVAS relining of previous AAA repair in the Netherlands.

ChAdOx1 vaccination, blood coagulation, and inflammation: No effect on coagulation but increased interleukin-6.

Background: Vaccination is the leading approach in combatting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination (ChAdOx1) has been linked to a higher frequency of rare thrombosis and thromboembolism. This study aimed to explore markers related to the blood coagulation system activation and inflammation, before and after ChAdOx1 vaccination.