143 results match your criteria: "and Blood Institute's and Boston University's[Affiliation]"

Objective: To assess temporal trends in the association between newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and death.

Design: Community based cohort study.

Setting: Framingham Heart Study cohort, in 1972-85, 1986-2000, and 2001-15 (periods 1-3, respectively), in Framingham, MA, USA.

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Radiomics of Coronary Artery Calcium in the Framingham Heart Study.

Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging

February 2020

Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 165 Cambridge St, Suite 400, Boston, MA 02114 (P.E., B.F., J.E.S., A.I., M.T.L., M.F., T.M., U.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (C.P., R.Z., H.J.W.L.A.); Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore (M.F.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Mass (R.S.V., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics, Boston University, Boston, Mass (K.B., J.M.M., R.B.D.); Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.E.S.); and School of Business Studies, Stralsund University of Applied Sciences, Stralsund, Germany (T.M.).

Purpose: To extract radiomic features from coronary artery calcium (CAC) on CT images and to determine whether this approach could improve the ability to identify individuals at risk for a composite endpoint of clinical events.

Materials And Methods: Participants from the Offspring and Third Generation cohorts of the community-based Framingham Heart Study underwent noncontrast cardiac CT (2002-2005) and were followed for more than a median of 9.1 years for composite major events.

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Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease confers increased risk for cardiovascular disease, including heart failure (HF), for reasons that remain unclear. Possible pathways could involve an association of liver fat with cardiac structural or functional abnormalities even after accounting for body size.

Methods: We analysed N = 2356 Framingham Heart Study participants (age 52 ± 12 years, 52% women) who underwent echocardiography and standardized computed tomography measures of liver fat.

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The electrocardiographic PR interval reflects atrioventricular conduction, and is associated with conduction abnormalities, pacemaker implantation, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiovascular mortality. Here we report a multi-ancestry (N = 293,051) genome-wide association meta-analysis for the PR interval, discovering 202 loci of which 141 have not previously been reported. Variants at identified loci increase the percentage of heritability explained, from 33.

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Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in cross-sectional analyses. However, less is known about how changes in liver fat associate with the progression of cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: A substudy (n = 808) drawn from the Framingham Heart Study underwent serial computed tomography scans 6 years apart.

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Atrial Fibrillation and the Risk of Subsequent Fracture.

Am J Med

August 2020

Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Mass; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Mass.

Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between atrial fibrillation and the risk of subsequent fractures.

Methods: We included participants aged 45 years or older from the Framingham Heart Study Offspring, Third-Generation, New Offspring Spouse, Omni 1, and Omni 2 cohorts. We prespecified analyzing index age 65 years as our primary analysis; we repeated analyses for index ages 45, 55, and 75 years.

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Backgrounds And Aims: Several genes are known to contribute to the levels and metabolism of HDL-C, however, their protective effects in cardiovascular disease (CVD), healthy aging, and longevity are complex and poorly understood. It is also unclear if these genes predict longitudinal HDL-C change. We aimed to identify loci influencing HDL-C change.

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Background: Identification of protein biomarkers associated with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) may improve the understanding of the pathophysiology, risk prediction, and development of new therapeutics for AF. We examined the associations between 85 protein biomarkers and incident AF.

Methods: We included participants ≥50 years of age from the FHS (Framingham Heart Study) Offspring and Third Generation cohorts, who had 85 fasting plasma proteins measured using Luminex xMAP platform.

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Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained. We report results from a GWAS meta-analysis of HF comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls.

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Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can improve assessment of low-frequency and rare variants, particularly in non-European populations that have been underrepresented in existing genomic studies. The genetic determinants of C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of chronic inflammation, have been extensively studied, with existing genome-wide association studies (GWASs) conducted in >200,000 individuals of European ancestry. In order to discover novel loci associated with CRP levels, we examined a multi-ancestry population (n = 23,279) with WGS (∼38× coverage) from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

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Background & Aims: Many individuals presumed to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) consume moderate amounts of alcohol. Little is known about patterns of alcohol use in patients with NAFLD or how drinking behaviors affect liver fat.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2475 participants of the Framingham Heart Study with hepatic steatosis, as determined by computed tomography.

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DNA methylation (DNAm) has a well-established association with age in many tissues, including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Compared to DNAm, the closely related epigenetic modification known as DNA hydroxymethylation (DNAhm) was much more recently discovered in mammals. Preliminary investigations have observed a positive correlation between gene body DNAhm and cis-gene expression.

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Proinflammatory cytokines have been identified as potential targets for lowering vascular risk. Experimental evidence and Mendelian randomization suggest a role of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) in atherosclerosis and stroke. However, data from large-scale observational studies are lacking.

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Increasing Liver Fat Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Risk Factors.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

July 2020

Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased liver- and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related morbidity and mortality. In cross-sectional analyses, NAFLD clusters with several cardiometabolic traits including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. However, liver fat is dynamic and changes over time.

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Background Previous studies assessing the association between body mass index (BMI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) did not account for time-varying covariates, which may be affected by previous BMI. We illustrate how the g-formula can account for time-varying confounding. Methods and Results We included 4392 participants from the Framingham Heart Study who were AF free at ages 45 to 55 years, and followed them for up to 20 years.

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Background Excess transmission of pressure pulsatility caused by increased arterial stiffness may incur microcirculatory damage in end organs (target organ damage [TOD] ) and, in turn, elevate risk for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) events. Methods and Results We related arterial stiffness measures (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, mean arterial pressure, central pulse pressure) to the prevalence and incidence of TOD (defined as albuminuria and/or echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy) in up to 6203 Framingham Study participants (mean age 50±15 years, 54% women). We then related presence of TOD to incident CVD in multivariable Cox regression models without and with adjustment for arterial stiffness measures.

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Background: Genes in metabolic and nutrient signaling pathways play important roles in lifespan in model organisms and human longevity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relation of a quantitative measure of healthy diet to gene expression in a community-based cohort.

Methods: We used the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index (DGAI) score to quantify key dietary recommendations of an overall healthy diet.

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Adjusted restricted mean survival times in observational studies.

Stat Med

September 2019

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.

In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre-specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically meaningful interpretation. Several regression-based methods exist to estimate an adjusted difference in RMSTs, but they digress from the model-free method of taking the area under the survival function.

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Proteomic Bioprofiles and Mechanistic Pathways of Progression to Heart Failure.

Circ Heart Fail

May 2019

Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14-33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France (J.P.F., A.P., N.G., A.-C.H., P.R., F.Z.).

Background Identifying the mechanistic pathways potentially associated with incident heart failure (HF) may provide a basis for novel preventive strategies. Methods and Results To identify proteomic biomarkers and the potential underlying mechanistic pathways that may be associated with incident HF defined as the first hospitalization for HF, a nested-matched case-control design was used with cases (incident HF) and controls (without HF) selected from 3 cohorts (>20 000 individuals). Controls were matched on cohort, follow-up time, age, and sex.

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Background & Aims: Prior studies demonstrated an association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), though data are conflicting. We examined the association between liver fat and prevalent and incident CKD in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS).

Methods: We included FHS participants who underwent computed tomography (CT) from 2002 to 2005 (n = 1315).

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Importance: Increased free thyroxine (FT4) and decreased thyrotropin are associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in observational studies, but direct involvement is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the potential direct involvement of thyroid traits on AF.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Study-level mendelian randomization (MR) included 11 studies, and summary-level MR included 55 114 AF cases and 482 295 referents, all of European ancestry.

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Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and circulating biomarkers of endothelial cell activation: The Framingham Heart Study.

Environ Res

April 2019

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Short-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular events, potentially by promoting endothelial cell activation and inflammation. A few large-scale studies have examined the associations and have had mixed results.

Methods: We included 3820 non-current smoking participants (mean age 56 years, 54% women) from the Framingham Offspring cohort examinations 7 (1998-2001) and 8 (2005-2008), and Third Generation cohort examination 1 (2002-2005), who lived within 50 km of a central monitoring station.

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Atrial fibrillation genetic risk differentiates cardioembolic stroke from other stroke subtypes.

Neurol Genet

December 2018

Department of Genetics (S.L.P., P.I.W.d. B.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands; P.I.W.d.B. is now with Computational Genomics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA; Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery (S.L.P.), The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Program in Medical and Population Genetics (S.L.P., L.-C.W., S.H.C., J.R., P.T.E., S.A.L., C.D.A.), Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA; Cardiovascular Research Center (L.-C.W., P.T.E., S.A.L.), Center for Genomic Medicine (J.R., C.D.A.), J.P. Kistler Stroke Research Center (J.R., C.D.A.), and Cardiac Arrhythmia Service (P.T.E., S.A.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Medicine (P.F.M., B.D.M.), Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study (L.T., E.J.B.); Department of Biostatistics (L.T.) and Department of Epidemiology (E.J.B.), Boston University School of Public Health, MA; Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center (B.D.M.), Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD; Cardiology Preventive Medicine Sections (E.J.B.), Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), University of Maryland School of Medicine; and Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD.

Objective: We sought to assess whether genetic risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) can explain cardioembolic stroke risk.

Methods: We evaluated genetic correlations between a previous genetic study of AF and AF in the presence of cardioembolic stroke using genome-wide genotypes from the Stroke Genetics Network (N = 3,190 AF cases, 3,000 cardioembolic stroke cases, and 28,026 referents). We tested whether a previously validated AF polygenic risk score (PRS) associated with cardioembolic and other stroke subtypes after accounting for AF clinical risk factors.

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Background: The prognostic value of erythrocyte levels of n-6 fatty acids (FAs) for total mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes remains an open question.

Methods: We examined cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and death in 2500 individuals in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort without prevalent CVD (mean age 66 years, 57% women) as a function of baseline levels of different length n-6 FAs (18 carbon, 20 carbon, and 22 carbon) in the erythrocyte membranes. Clinical outcomes were monitored for up to 9.

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Liver Fat Is Associated With Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Analysis of Data From the Framingham Heart Study.

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

May 2019

Section of Gastroenterology, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an inflammatory condition that results in progressive liver disease. It is unknown if individuals with hepatic steatosis, but not known to have liver disease, have higher serum concentrations of markers of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.

Methods: We collected data from 2482 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (mean age, 51 ± 11 y; 51% women) who underwent computed tomography and measurement of 14 serum markers of systemic inflammation.

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