YKL-40, cardiovascular events, and mortality in individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: A Danish cohort study.

Aims: We investigated the association of the inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 with cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We followed 11,346 individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for up to 14 years. Baseline YKL-40 levels (measured in 9,010 individuals) were grouped into percentiles (0-33 %, 34-66 %, 67-90 %, and 91-100 %) and analyzed continuously (per 1 SD log increment), with comparisons to CRP (measured in 9,644 individuals).

Social disconnectedness, subsequent medical conditions, and, the role of pre-existing mental disorders: a population-based cohort study.

Aims: Individuals with diminished social connections are at higher risk of mental disorders, dementia, circulatory conditions and musculoskeletal conditions. However, evidence is limited by a disease-specific focus and no systematic examination of sex differences or the role of pre-existing mental disorders.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study using data on social disconnectedness (loneliness, social isolation, low social support and a composite measure) from the 2013 and 2017 Danish National Health Survey linked with register data on 11 broad categories of medical conditions through 2021.

Myocardial infarction and short- or long-term risk of a subsequent cancer diagnosis: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that myocardial infarction (MI) may be a marker of cancer risk, but many aspects of this relation are poorly understood. We therefore examined the short- and long-term risk of incident cancer in patients presenting with MI.

Methods: Using nationwide population-based Danish health registries, we identified all patients with a first-time diagnosis of MI (1995-2021) and followed them for up to 28 years for any subsequent diagnosis of cancer.

Mitochondrial unfolded protein response-dependent β-catenin signaling promotes neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR) maintains mitochondrial quality control and proteostasis under stress conditions. However, the role of UPR in aggressive and resistant prostate cancer is not clearly defined. We show that castration-resistant neuroendocrine prostate cancer (CRPC-NE) harbored highly dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Complexes.

Clinical Profile and Treatment Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease Who Initiate an SGLT2 Inhibitor: A Multi-cohort Study.

Introduction: The clinical landscape for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly evolving. As part of the FOUNTAIN platform (NCT05526157; EUPAS48148), we described and compared cohorts of adult patients with CKD and T2D initiating a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) before the launch of finerenone in Europe, Japan, and the United States (US).

Methods: This was a multinational, multi-cohort study of patients with T2D in five data sources: the Danish National Health Registers (DNHR) (Denmark), PHARMO Data Network (The Netherlands), Valencia Health System Integrated Database (VID) (Spain), Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database Extension (J-CKD-DB-Ex) (Japan), and Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (CDM) (US).

A prospective study of male physical activity and fecundability.

Study Question: To what extent is male physical activity (PA) associated with fecundability (per-cycle probability of conception)?

Summary Answer: Preconception levels of vigorous, moderate, or total PA were not consistently associated with fecundability across Danish and North American cohorts, but there was suggestive evidence that bicycling with a 'soft, comfort seat' was associated with reduced fecundability in both cohorts, especially among males with greater BMI.

What Is Known Already: Among males, some studies indicate that moderate PA might improve fertility, whereas vigorous PA, especially bicycling, might be detrimental.

Study Design, Size, Duration: We assessed the association between male PA and fecundability among couples participating in two preconception cohort studies: SnartForaeldre.

Validity of heart failure diagnoses, treatments, and readmissions in the Danish National Patient Registry.

Background: The Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR) is a valuable resource for population-based research, but the validity of routine registration of advanced heart failure (HF) treatments within the registry is unknown. We, therefore, investigated the validity of HF, advanced HF treatments, and HF readmissions in the DNPR.

Methods: We randomly sampled patients registered at a Danish University Hospital during 2017-2021 from the DNPR.

Elevated risk of infection in individuals with hyperinsulinaemic type 2 diabetes: a Danish 12 year cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying an elevated infection risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes is needed to guide risk stratification and prevention. We investigated the risk of infection in subgroups of individuals with type 2 diabetes according to indices of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function.

Methods: We classified 7265 individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (median duration 1.

10-Year Risk of Gallstones in Congenital Red Blood Cell Disorder Patients: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Chronic hemolysis potentially elevates the risk of gallstones in several types of congenital red blood cell (RBC) disorders. However, the magnitude of the risk is unknown. We investigate the risk of gallstone disease in congenital RBC disorder patients, compared with general population comparators.

The Western Denmark Heart Registry and Population-Based National Health Registries.

The Western Denmark Heart Registry (WDHR) is a semi-national, multicenter-based clinical registry with unique potential for cardiovascular research. The registry has provided detailed prospectively registered information on patient and procedure characteristics since 1999. WDHR data can be linked to additional data in other healthcare registries in Denmark.

2-Fold More Cardiovascular Disease Events Decades Before Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis: A Nationwide Registry Study.

Background: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but it remains uncertain how long an elevated CVD occurrence precedes diabetes diagnosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate CVD occurrence 30 years before, and 5 years after, T2DM diagnosis compared with matched comparisons.

Methods: This combined case-control and cohort study included all individuals diagnosed with T2DM in Denmark between 2010 and 2015, as well as general population comparisons matched by age and sex.

Mental Health Disorder Trends in Denmark According to Age, Calendar Period, and Birth Cohort.

Importance: Research suggests an increase in mental disorder incidence in recent years, but this trend remains unexplained, and there is a lack of large studies based on a representative sample that investigate mental disorders over the full spectrum.

Objective: To explore sex- and age-specific incidence of any mental disorder and 19 specific disorders according to birth cohort and calendar period.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a population-based cohort study among 5 936 202 individuals aged 1 to 80 years living in Denmark at some point between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2021.

More vs Less Frequent Follow-Up Testing and 10-Year Mortality in Patients With Stage II or III Colorectal Cancer: Secondary Analysis of the COLOFOL Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Although intensive follow-up of patients after curative surgery for colorectal cancer is common in clinical practice, evidence for a long-term survival benefit of more frequent testing is limited.

Objective: To examine overall and colorectal cancer-specific mortality rates in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgery and underwent high-frequency or low-frequency follow-up testing.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial with posttrial prespecified follow-up was performed in 23 centers in Sweden and Denmark.

Basic Lung Ultrasound and Clinical Applications in General Medicine.

Proficiency in basic lung ultrasound is highly recommended for clinicians in general and internal medicine. This article will review and provide guidance for novice users on how to use lung ultrasound in clinical practice, through a pathology-oriented approach. The authors recommend a 12-zone protocol and describe how to perform and apply it in clinical practice while examining patients with clinical suspicion for the following diseases: pleural effusion, heart failure, pneumonia (bacterial and viral), interstitial lung disease, and pneumothorax.

The Danish National Hospital Medication Register: A Resource for Pharmacoepidemiology.

Background: The Danish National Hospital Medication Register (DHMR), one of the first nationwide in-hospital medication registries in the world, contains detailed information on medication administration and dispensing.

Objective: To provide an overview of the information recorded in the DHMR and to highlight its strengths and limitations as a pharmacoepidemiological research tool.

Methods: We reviewed the registry´s geographic and clinical specialty coverage and medications recorded according to the main groups of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system.

Lack of renoprotective effects by long-term PCSK9 and SGLT2 inhibition using alirocumab and empagliflozin in obese ZSF1 rats.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite the entry of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, CKD persists as a medical challenge. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, a major risk factor of CVD.

Distinct recurrence patterns according to disease manifestation in pilonidal sinus disease treated with cleft lift surgery at 5 years' follow-up in a large prospective Danish cohort.

Aim: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a common condition particularly affecting the young population. The disease is incompletely understood, and optimal treatment is still debated. However, off-midline closure techniques have become the standard of care in more advanced cases.

Interhospital transfers in elderly trauma patients.

Introduction: The elderly population is growing worldwide and is more likely to die from injuries that younger patients would likely survive. Furthermore, elderly trauma patients are often subjected to triage decisions that admit them to lower-level facilities. These patients may require interhospital transfer to a major trauma center for definitive care.

Physical activity and life expectancy: a life-table analysis.

Objective: Low physical activity (PA) levels are associated with increased mortality. Improved measurement has resulted in stronger proven associations between PA and mortality, but this has not yet translated to improved estimates of the disease burden attributable to low PA. This study estimated how much low PA reduces life expectancy, and how much life expectancy could be improved by increasing PA levels for both populations and individuals.