Does standardisation improve post-operative anaesthesia handoffs? Meta-analyses on provider, patient, organisational, and handoff outcomes.

Anaesthesia handoffs are associated with negative outcomes (e.g. inappropriate treatments, post-operative complications, and in-hospital mortality).

Distinct diagnostic trajectories in NBAS-associated acute liver failure highlights the need for timely functional studies.

Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are commonly found following genomic sequencing, particularly in ethnically diverse populations that are underrepresented in large population databases. Functional characterization of VUS may assist in variant reclassification, however these studies are not readily available and often rely on research funding and good will. We present four individuals from three families at different stages of their diagnostic trajectory with recurrent acute liver failure (RALF) and biallelic variants, confirmed by either trio analysis or cDNA studies.

Pragmatic assessment of resident performed cardiac point of care ultrasound using a validated scoring metric.

Background: Cardiac point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly utilized by trainees across various specialties and can rapidly assess the cardiac status of unstable patients. However, the quality of trainee performed cardiac examinations has been reported only in controlled studies. In this study we aimed to assess the quality of all cardiac POCUS performed by internal medicine trainees at a major academic medical center over a three-year period.

Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy.

Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has led to unprecedented responses in patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies. However, up to 60% of patients still experience disease relapse and up to 80% of patients experience CAR-mediated toxicities, such as cytokine release syndrome or immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. We investigated the role of the intestinal microbiome on these outcomes in a multicenter study of patients with B cell lymphoma and leukemia.

Incidence of acute rejection and patient survival in combined heart-liver transplantation.

Combined heart-liver transplantation (CHLT) is indicated for patients with concomitant end-stage heart and liver disease or patients with amyloid heart disease where liver transplantation mitigates progression. Limited data suggest that the liver allograft provides immunoprotection for heart and kidney allografts in combined transplantation from the same donor. We hypothesized that CHLT reduces the incidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) and the development of de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) compared with heart-alone transplantation (HA).

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on research and careers of early career researchers: a DOHaD perspective.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed several inequalities worldwide, including the populations' access to healthcare systems and economic differences that impact the access to vaccination, medical resources, and health care services. Scientific research activities were not an exception, such that scientific research was profoundly impacted globally. Research trainees and early career researchers (ECRs) are the life force of scientific discovery around the world, and their work and progress in research was dramatically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Partisan Differences in Legislators' Discussion of Vaccination on Twitter During the COVID-19 Era: Natural Language Processing Analysis.

Background: The COVID-19 era has been characterized by the politicization of health-related topics. This is especially concerning given evidence that politicized discussion of vaccination may contribute to vaccine hesitancy. No research, however, has examined the content and politicization of legislator communication with the public about vaccination during the COVID-19 era.

Blocking Kir6.2 channels with SpTx1 potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from murine pancreatic β cells and lowers blood glucose in diabetic mice.

ATP-sensitive K (K) channels in pancreatic β cells are comprised of pore-forming subunits (Kir6.2) and modulatory sulfonylurea receptor subunits (SUR1). The ATP sensitivity of these channels enables them to couple metabolic state to insulin secretion in β cells.

Development and testing of a survey measure of organizational perinatal patient-centered care culture.

Objective: To develop and test a measure of patient-centered care (PCC) culture in hospital-based perinatal care.

Data Sources: Data were obtained from US perinatal hospitals: one provided survey development data and 14 contributed data for survey testing.

Study Design: We used qualitative and quantitative methods to develop the mother-infant centered care (MICC) culture survey.

Examining linguistic shifts between preprints and publications.

Preprints allow researchers to make their findings available to the scientific community before they have undergone peer review. Studies on preprints within bioRxiv have been largely focused on article metadata and how often these preprints are downloaded, cited, published, and discussed online. A missing element that has yet to be examined is the language contained within the bioRxiv preprint repository.

Novel Risk Model to Predict Emergency Department Associated Mortality for Patients Supported With a Ventricular Assist Device: The Emergency Department-Ventricular Assist Device Risk Score.

Background The past decade has seen tremendous growth in patients with ambulatory ventricular assist devices. We sought to identify patients that present to the emergency department (ED) at the highest risk of death. Methods and Results This retrospective analysis of ED encounters from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample includes 2010 to 2017.

Impact of Maternal-Fetal Environment on Mortality in Children With Single Ventricle Heart Disease.

BACKGROUND Children with single ventricle heart disease have significant morbidity and mortality. The maternal-fetal environment (MFE) may adversely impact outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery. We hypothesized that impaired MFE would be associated with an increased risk of death after stage 1 Norwood reconstruction.

The Worldwide Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: ADNI-3 updates and global perspectives.

The Worldwide Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (WW-ADNI) is a collaborative effort to investigate imaging and biofluid markers that can inform Alzheimer's disease treatment trials. It is a public-private partnership that spans North America, Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Korea, Mexico, and Taiwan. In 2004, ADNI researchers began a naturalistic, longitudinal study that continues today around the globe.

Education based on publicly-available keyword data is associated with decreased stress and improved trajectory of in-training exam performance.

Study Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of data-driven didactic sessions on metrics including fund of knowledge, resident confidence in clinical topics, and stress in addition to American Board of Anesthesiology In-Training Examination (ITE) percentiles.

Design: Observational mixed-methods study.

Setting: Classroom, video-recorded e-learning.

Efficacy and comparative effectiveness of telephone and smartphone remote continuing care interventions for alcohol use disorder: a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Management of alcohol use disorder (AUD) could be enhanced by effective remote treatments. This study tested whether supplementing intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) with continuing care delivered via (1) telephone, (2) smartphone or (3) their combination improves outcomes relative to (4) IOP only. Continuing care conditions were also compared.

Association of Digoxin With Preserved Echocardiographic Indices in the Interstage Period: A Possible Mechanism to Explain Improved Survival?

Background For patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, digoxin has been associated with reduced interstage mortality after the Norwood operation, but the mechanism of this benefit remains unclear. Preservation of right ventricular (RV) echocardiographic indices has been associated with better outcomes in hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Therefore, we sought to determine whether digoxin use is associated with preservation of the RV indices in the interstage period.

Assessing HDL Metabolism in Subjects with Elevated Levels of HDL Cholesterol and Coronary Artery Disease.

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is thought to be atheroprotective yet some patients with elevated HDL-C levels develop cardiovascular disease, possibly due to the presence of dysfunctional HDL. We aimed to assess the metabolic fate of circulating HDL particles in patients with high HDL-C with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) using in vivo dual labeling of its cholesterol and protein moieties. We measured HDL apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoA-II, free cholesterol (FC), and cholesteryl ester (CE) kinetics using stable isotope-labeled tracers (D-leucine and C-acetate) as well as ex vivo cholesterol efflux to HDL in subjects with ( = 6) and without ( = 6) CAD that had HDL-C levels >90th percentile.

Confirmation of Cause of Death Via Comprehensive Autopsy and Whole Exome Molecular Sequencing in People With Epilepsy and Sudden Unexpected Death.

Background Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading mode of death in the United States. Epilepsy affects 1% of Americans; yet epidemiological data show a prevalence of 4% in cases of sudden cardiac arrest. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) may share features with sudden cardiac arrest.

Predictors of Intentional Self -Harm Among Medicaid Mental Health Clinic Clients In New York.

Background: Behavioral health outpatients are at risk for self-harm. Identifying individuals or combination of risk factors could discriminate those at elevated risk for self-harm.

Methods: The study population (N = 248,491) included New York State Medicaid-enrolled individuals aged 10 to 64 with mental health clinic services between November 1, 2015 to November 1, 2016.

Small extracellular vesicles-based cell-free strategies for therapy.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are extracellular nanovesicles that contain bioactive proteins, lipids, RNA, and DNA. A variety of biological process is regulated with sEVs. sEVs are an intercellular messenger regulating recipient cell function and play a role in disease initiation and progression.

Falsely positive heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibody testing in severe hyperbilirubinemia.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening pathologic reaction to heparin-based products. Diagnosis of this condition can be confounded by other comorbidities or by acute illness-oftentimes presenting challenging clinical dilemmas, particularly in critically ill patients. A 67-year-old woman was admitted with liver failure and severe hyperbilirubinemia.

Quality Initiative for the Administration of Vancomycin Prophylaxis in Penicillin-Allergic Neurosurgery Patients.

Introduction Vancomycin may be used as an alternative perioperative antibiotic for penicillin-allergic patients but follows a different infusion timing. At the institution presented herein, noncompliance with recommended vancomycin infusion timing has been hypothesized to contribute toward increased risk of surgical site infections and avoidable expenditures. The objective of this project was to utilize the Performance Improvement In Action methodology to identify, address, and solve the problem of vancomycin administration timing.