Association of cardiometabolic index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged and elderly populations.

The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) is a well-recognized risk factor for a range of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, the population-level characteristics of CMI and its potential association with mortality risk among individuals over 40 years of age have not been investigated. This study aims to assess the association between CMI and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among the middle-aged and elderly population.

Leptin action on ARC-PVN neural circuit regulates ejaculation behavior by altering sympathetic neuroplasticity.

Background: Although some studies have revealed the close relationship between leptin and premature ejaculation in clinical practice, whether and how leptin participates in the regulation of ejaculatory behaviors are still unknown.

Objective: To explore the role of leptin on ejaculatory behaviors and its underlying mechanism.

Materials And Methods: Copulation behavior tests were performed after acute and chronic leptin administration at peripheral and central levels.

miR-1224 Controls Mammal Cerebral Cortex Development by Targeting the 3'-UTR of the Dlx1 mRNA.

Neural precursor cells (NPCs) are a group of cells with self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential. MicroRNAs are required for neurogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent reports suggest that miR-1224 is important in human CNS diseases.

The fully bio-based bilayered flame retardant treatment for paper via natural bio-materials.

In this paper, we report a novel method for enhancing the flame retardancy of wood-based paper by utilizing natural biomaterials. The research constructed a bilayered structure coating on paper fiber surfaces, incorporating mixed starch (MS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and phytic acid (PA) as natural bio-based flame retardants. The structural configuration of the coating comprises MS/ATP and MS/PA, which were sequentially assembled as bottom and top parts, respectively, through pneumatic spraying.

Linoleic Acid Enhances Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Autophagy Caused by Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals.

High intake of dietary linoleic acid may increase the incidence of many diseases. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of linoleic acid on the damage caused by calcium oxalate kidney stones on renal tubular epithelial cells. Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals were prepared and used to treat HK-2 cells, which were further treated with different concentrations of linoleic acid in vitro.

Serum galectin-3 can help distinguish lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus and is also correlated with the degree of renal damage in lupus nephritis.

Lupus nephritis (LN) constitutes a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The monitoring of renal function in patients with LN is associated with improved prognostication. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of serum galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels in differentiating LN from SLE.

Trends and prevalence of eating disorders in children and adolescents.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) have increasingly become a public health problem globally, especially among children and adolescents.

Aim: To estimate the burden of EDs in children and adolescents (ages 5-19 years) at the global, regional, and national levels.

Methods: Retrieved from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 for EDs, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, we extracted the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and prevalence rates with 95% uncertainty intervals between 1990-2019.

Improved glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes initiating or switching to IDegAsp in a real-world setting in China.

Aims: To investigate glycaemic control in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating, or switching to insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp), a co-formulation of basal, and bolus insulin, in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: A 20-week, prospective, single-arm, open-label, non-interventional study was conducted in Chinese adults with T2D initiating, or switching to IDegAsp after anti-hyperglycaemic treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), other insulins, or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. The primary endpoint was a change in HbA from baseline to end of the study; the secondary endpoints included a change in fasting plasma glucose and Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) score.

Pyridoxine supplementation before puberty ameliorates MAM-induced cognitive and sensorimotor gating impairments.

Schizophrenia is a kind of neurodevelopmental mental disorder in which patients begin to experience changes early in their development, typically manifesting around or after puberty and has a fluctuating course. Environmental disturbances during adolescence may be a risk factor for schizophrenia-like deficits. As a better treatment option, preventive intervention prior to schizophrenia may be more beneficial than direct treatment.

[Application progress of ROX index in evaluating the efficacy of pediatric high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy].

Respiratory support is one of the key technologies for treating pediatric respiratory diseases. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) represents a novel method of assisted respiratory support. The commonly used indicator for assessing HFNC efficacy in clinical practice is oxygenation index (PaO/FiO).

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Surgical operations are one of the high-risk activities in modern society, and surgeons in this high-pressure environment require not only excellent technical skills but also well-rounded non-technical skills. Non-technical skills encompass key abilities such as situational awareness, decision-making, communication and teamwork, leadership, and stress management, as well as the capacity for error correction feedback loops, emotional intelligence, and adaptability to complex environments. These "soft skills" help surgeons to more effectively handle emergencies during surgery, optimize team collaboration, ensure patient safety, and increase the success rate of operations.

Role transformation of Chinese obstetricians and improvement of obstetric service systems amid declining birth rates: Challenges and strategies.

Problem: China's declining birth rate presents significant challenges to obstetricians, impacting workload, career prospects, and the obstetric service system.

Background: The reduction in birth rates alters the landscape for obstetricians, necessitating adaptation to new medical demands and technological environments.

Aim: This paper aims to explore the future development and role transformations of Chinese obstetricians amidst declining birth rates.

Causal mechanisms of quadruple networks in pediatric bipolar disorder.

Background: Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is characterized by abnormal functional connectivity among distributed brain regions. Increasing evidence suggests a role for the limbic network (LN) and the triple network model in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). However, the specific relationship between the LN and the triple network in PBD remains unclear.

Neural circuits and therapeutic mechanisms of empathic pain.

Empathy is the capacity to understand and share the experiences of others. This ability fosters connections between individuals, enriching the fabric of our shared world. One notable example is empathy for the pain of others.

RPF2 and CARM1 cooperate to enhance colorectal cancer metastasis via the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

RPF2 plays a crucial role in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and regulating metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). By analyzing data from the TCGA and GEO databases, we observed significantly elevated RPF2 expression in CRC, which correlated with EMT markers. Further investigations using stable RPF2 overexpression and knockdown cell lines demonstrated that RPF2 facilitates EMT activation through the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Association Between Peptide Antigen-Related Antibody Levels and the Short- and Long-Term Efficacy of Antipsychotic Treatment in Drug-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients.

Objective: This study investigated the relationships between baseline peptide antigen-related IgG levels and 8-week antipsychotic drug (APD) treatment response rates and one-year treatment outcomes, as well as the relationships between changes in peptide antigen-related IgG levels and one-year treatment outcomes, in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients.

Methods: Sixteen peptide antigen-related IgGs from proteins encoded by schizophrenia-related genes were selected on the basis of several selection criteria from a 2022 genome-wide association study. Novel peptide antigen-related IgG levels were measured in drug-naïve FES patients at baseline (n = 155) and in plasma samples from 60 healthy controls (HCs).

Effect of Pretreatment with a Small Dose of Esketamine on Myoclonus Induced by Etomidate: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Etomidate has been observed to precipitate myoclonus in patients undergoing induction of general anaesthesia. This study was designed to investigate the effect of pretreatment with a small dose of esketamine on the incidence of myoclonus induced by etomidate.

Methods: One hundred adult patients, who were scheduled to undergo selective operations with general anesthesia, were randomly divided into two groups, with one group receiving esketamine (Group E) and the other receiving normal saline (Group C).

Identification of intraoperative hypoxemia and hypoproteinemia as prognostic indicators in anastomotic leakage post-radical gastrectomy: an 8-year multicenter study utilizing machine learning techniques.

Background: Complications and mortality rates following gastrectomy for gastric cancer have improved over recent years; however, complications such as anastomotic leakage (AL) continue to significantly impact both immediate and long-term prognoses. This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to identify preoperative and intraoperative high-risk factors and predict mortality in patients with AL after radical gastrectomy.

Methods: For this investigation, 906 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer were enrolled and evaluated, with a comprehensive set of 36 feature variables collected.

MRTX1133 attenuates KRAS mutated-colorectal cancer progression through activating ferroptosis activity via METTL14/LINC02159/FOXC2 axis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Studies have shown that CRC patients with KRAS mutations, especially KRAS, have an increased risk of metastasis. Emerging evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in the carcinogenesis and progression of various cancers, regulating multiple biological processes but the link between KRAS mutations and lncRNAs in CRC remains unclear.

Vav family exchange factors: Potential regulator in atherosclerosis.

The Vav family of guanosine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) regulates the phosphorylation of tyrosinase, influencing various physiological and pathological processes by modulating the binding of Rho GTPases to GDP/GTP. Recent research has highlighted the critical role of Vav family activation in tumorigenesis, neurological disorders, immune-related dysfunctions, and other diseases. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of Vav proteins and their significant impact on the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.

Subgroup analysis of imaging scans, invasive examinations and prognosis in mild-to-moderate isolated foetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: a retrospective study in China.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the causes of foetal mild-to-moderate isolated ventriculomegaly (IVM) and to evaluate the prognosis of neurological development in surviving children in different subgroups.

Methods: We retrospectively studied mild-to-moderate IVM diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound scans in different subgroups according to the laterality of IVM, the degree of IVM and foetal sex independently. The results of foetal chromosomal microarray analysis, virological tests of umbilical cord blood or amniotic fluid, foetal magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound were collected.

Distinct white matter abnormalities and cognitive impairments in deficit schizophrenia: A cross-sectional diffusion tensor imaging study.

Deficit schizophrenia (DS), characterized by persistent and primary negative symptoms, is considered a promising homogeneous subtype of schizophrenia. According to the disconnection hypothesis, abnormalities in white matter fibers are common in schizophrenia. However, comprehensive measurement of white matter metrics and exploration of the relationships between neuroanatomical changes and cognitive functions in DS patients are still unknown.