Impact of WHO's Surgical Safety Checklist-Based Program on Cleft-lip and Palate Repair Outcomes in LMICs-The CLEAN CLEFT Program.

Background: "Clean Cleft" (CC) is an adaptation of the Lifebox Clean Cut program, designed to reduce surgical site infections (SSIs) in cleft lip and palate repairs. It focuses on 6 key processes: hand and site decontamination, surgical linen integrity, instrument sterility, timely antibiotic use, gauze counting, and WHO Surgical Safety Checklist compliance. The study explores CC's effectiveness in reducing infections, other complications, and enhancing early recovery.

Effect of school feeding program on dietary folate intake among school adolescent girls in Sidama region, southern Ethiopia.

Background: Ethiopia recently initiated a school feeding program (SFP) that provides nutritious meals to vulnerable students during school to combat malnutrition and improve their nutrition. However, there is limited evidence regarding the program's impact on dietary folate intake among adolescent girls. Improving folate status in adolescent girls is important to prevent neural tube defect and anemia This study was aimed at assessing the effect of the SFP on dietary folate intake among school adolescent girls in the Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia.

A survey of malaria vectors feeding preference, biting site and resting behaviour in the malaria elimination settings of Dembiya District, north-western Ethiopia.

Background: Despite the progress in scaling vector control interventions in Ethiopia, malaria is still a major health problem in the country. Monitoring of the local vector populations and the effectiveness of vector control strategies is necessary to guide programme decisions to optimize malaria prevention efforts. This study investigated the feeding preference, the biting behaviour and resting behaviours of Anopheles mosquitoes in selected localities of Dembiya District.

Durlobactam to boost the clinical utility of standard of care β-lactams against lung disease.

β-Lactams present several desirable pharmacodynamic features leading to the rapid eradication of many bacterial pathogens. Imipenem (IPM) and cefoxitin (FOX) are injectable β-lactams recommended during the intensive treatment phase of pulmonary infections caused by (Mab). However, their potency against Mab is many-fold lower than against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens for which they were optimized, putting into question their clinical utility.

Health-related quality of life and complications of corticosteroid treatment in patients with immune thrombocytopenia in two teaching hospitals in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a major clinical challenge and has a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and prolonged use of corticosteroids may have a negative impact on HRQoL.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of ITP on HRQoL and complications of corticosteroid treatment in patients with ITP in two teaching hospitals in Ethiopia.

Methods: The institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 15, 2022, to March 15, 2023, to recruit 214 study participants during the study period (4 months).

T-cell and Soluble Co-inhibitory Receptor Expression in Patients With Visceral Leishmaniasis Are Markers of Treatment Response and Clinical Outcome.

Background: Co-inhibitory receptors (immune checkpoints) regulate activated immune cells. Their expression on T cells can limit host defense. We hypothesized that chronic infection in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) leads to expression of co-inhibitory receptors that could be markers of treatment response and clinical outcome.

The mediating role of psychological distress in the association between migration experiences and stigma and coping strategies: a cross-sectional study on Ethiopian migrant returnees.

Background: Ethiopian migrants to the Middle East and South Africa are exposed to dangerous traveling and working conditions and their experiences are mostly tragic. They are unwelcomed not only by the situation in the destination but also by the community at home which is an important indicator of stigma and discrimination. However, there is lack of evidence on how psychological distress is associated with migration experiences, stigma and coping strategies.

An investigation of the factors underlying informal settlement growth: The case of Burayu City, Ethiopia.

Informal settlements in developing countries' cities are becoming more and more widespread. The city of Burayu is no exception to this trend. To address the challenges involved, it is important to understand the reasons for the prevalence and perseverance of informal settlement.

Association between dietary diversity, nutritional status, and academic performance of school-age children in Southeast Ethiopia using structural equation modelling.

Background: Undernutrition, manifested as stunting and/or thinness, is a major public health concern in low-income countries, including Ethiopia. Factors such as sociodemographic, economic, and dietary status influence children's academic achievement. This study aimed to assess the association between dietary diversity, nutritional status, and academic performance of school-age children in pastoral communities in Southeast Ethiopia.

A mixed method approach for analyzing drivers of land use land cover change in the Northwestern Ethiopian highlands.

This study gives empirical evidence on the drivers of land use change by conducting a qualitative assessment and then using time series data to quantify the relationship between land use land cover change and factors that cause the change. Vector autoregressive models with exogenous variables were used to analyze the time series data. The findings revealed demographic and environmental factors were the primary causes of land use and land cover change.

Probing the past: historical case study analysis to inform more just and sustainable global health partnerships in education.

Introduction: Disparities of power between high-income (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have long characterised the structures of global health, including knowledge production and training. Historical case study analysis is an often-overlooked tool to improve our understanding of how to mitigate inequalities.

Methods: Drawing from the contemporary experience of collaborators from Canada and Ethiopia, we chose to examine the historical relationship between Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie and Canadian Jesuit Lucien Matte as a case study for international collaborations based on the model of an 'invited guest'.

International virtual radiation therapy professional development: Reflections on a twinning collaboration between a low/middle and high income country.

In response to the documented challenges to providing adequate radiotherapy services to its population, the Ethiopian government has embarked on a plan to augment such services. In tandem with the need for the required equipment is the need for qualified staff for its safe operation. Twinning collaborations between low (LIC) and high income countries (HIC) have been proven effective for improving health care services and outcomes.

Predictors of operative ischemic cerebrovascular complications in skull base tumor resections: Experience in low-resource setting.

Background: Ischemic cerebrovascular complications following skull base tumor resections remain a significant factor impacting both short-term and long-term patient outcomes. This study aims to improve risk stratification, surgical decision-making, and postoperative care protocols.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study on predictors of ischemic cerebrovascular complications among patients who underwent skull base tumor resection was conducted at 2 high-volume neurosurgical centers in Ethiopia from 2018 to 2023.

Embryo and Fetal Toxic Effects of the Hydroethanol Extract of Hochst. Ex. A. Rich Leaves in Pregnant Rats.

has been used to treat various diseases such as malaria, hypertension, diabetes, gonorrhea, gastritis, body swelling, and wound infections. However, the safety of consuming leaves during pregnancy has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, this experimental study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of leaf extract on the prenatal development of embryos and fetuses in pregnant rats.

Patients' Perceptions and Knowledge of Diabetes and Medications: Implications for Medication Adherence and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients, Northern Ethiopia.

Globally, adherence to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) medications remains suboptimal. There are limited insights, however, on this issue in the northern region of Ethiopia. This cross-sectional study at Alamata General Hospital investigated the interplay between patients' medication beliefs, diabetes knowledge, adherence, and glycemic control.

Vaccine Logistics Management Information System at Public Health Facilities in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Performance Evaluation.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of vaccine logistics management information systems at public health facilities in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Methods: An institution-based concurrent explanatory mixed design was used at public health facilities in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. In total, 102 health facilities were selected using the multi-stage, stratified, random-sampling proportionate-to-size method.

Intimate Partner Violence during the Index Pregnancy and its correlates among a panel of pregnant women in Ethiopia, evidence from performance, and monitoring for action (PMA) 2021 cohort two baseline survey.

Introduction: Current intimate partner violence (IPV) in Ethiopia is considerably high. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of IPV among a panel of pregnant women during their index pregnancy and identify its correlates using Performance Monitoring for action (PMA) cohort 2 baseline data. Documenting the magnitude of IPV thus far during the index pregnancy and identifying factors affecting it contributes its share for the ministry and relevant developmental partners in tracking progress towards eliminating all forms of violence against women and girls by 2030.

Intimate partner violence against women among contraceptive users at a primary health care setting in Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study.

Background: One in three women experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) worldwide which has remained major public health challenge. Women's reproductive health service utilization has been seriously impacted by IPV. There is a paucity of evidence on the magnitude of IPV among contraceptive users in southern Ethiopia.