Increasing anthropogenic stressors influenced the water quality and shifted trophic status of northern Lake Tana Gulf, Ethiopia.

Nutrients in an aquatic system determine productivity, integrity and ecological status of the aquatic system. However, the excessive enrichment of these nutrients emanating from severe anthropogenic activity has substantially impacted water quality and biodiversity. There is diminutive information available on the water quality and trophic status of the northern Gulf of Lake Tana, Ethiopia due to accessibility difficulties.

Niemann-pick disease with visceral and pulmonary involvement in a resource limited setting: A rare case report.

Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by deficient lysosomal enzyme or faulty cholesterol transport. A 9-year-old male patient presented with 6 years of abdominal swelling, previously treated as tuberculosis. He exhibited hepatosplenomegaly, delayed growth, and pancytopenia.

Risk, incidence and predictors of venous thromboembolism among patients attending the emergency department of tertiary care hospitals in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia: a multicentre prospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk, incidence and predictors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among patients admitted to the emergency department of tertiary hospitals in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia.

Design: A multicentre hospital-based prospective follow-up study was conducted.

Setting: The study was conducted in three tertiary care hospitals in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia: Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Burn Emergency and Trauma Hospital and St.

Decoding gene expression dynamics during seed development in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) through RNA-Seq analysis.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L., 2n = 2× = 26) from the Pedaliaceae family is primarily grown for its high oil content, rich in unsaturated fatty acids like linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). However, the molecular mechanisms of sesame oil accumulation remain poorly understood.

Epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs in four districts of central Ethiopia: Prevalence and risk factors.

From February 2022 to April 2023, a cross-sectional study on dog gastrointestinal parasites was conducted in Bishoftu, Dukem, Addis Ababa, and Sheno, Central Ethiopia, with the aim of estimating the prevalence and evaluating risk factors. A total of 701 faecal samples were collected and processed using floatation and McMaster techniques. In dogs that were investigated, the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 53.

Women empowerment, efficiency and food security nexus in rural Ethiopia: A generalized structural equation modeling.

Agriculture has been recognized as a key sector to leverage for improved food security. Yet, the evidence on agriculture-gender linkages to food security is still scarce and winding. This study investigates the impact of women empowerment in agriculture on efficiency and food security of households and individuals.

Fatty acid composition, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Niger seed (Guizotia abyssinica) accessions collected from major producer areas of Ethiopia.

Background: Oils from various sources are vital nutritional components with a variety of roles in our body. Niger seed (Guzoita abyssinica) is endemic to Ethiopia and is among the major oil seed crops grown in the country. The fatty acid composition and the concentration of other bioactive phytochemicals in it vary with species type, geographical origin, cultivation season, and varietal types.

Myocardial Bridging, Unusual Cause of Myocardial Infarction; Case Report and Review of Literature.

Myocardial bridging is a common coronary anomaly. Although it is considered to be a benign condition, it can rarely be complicated by myocardial infarction. Clinicians should be suspicious of myocardial bridging as an etiology of myocardial infarction when other more common etiologies have been excluded.

Effect of School-Based Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Program on the Serum Folate Status of Adolescent Girls in Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: In Ethiopia, a school-based weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFAS) program is being implemented to reduce burden of anemia in adolescent girls. While the program's impact on iron levels is well-studied, there is limited evidence on its effect on folate status.

Objective: The study was aimed at assessing the effect of the WIFAS on serum folate levels of school adolescent girls in Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia.

Ethnobotany of vascular plants use, conservation and management practice in the homegardens by the people of Dawuro in Southwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Homegardens (HGs) are well-time-honored traditional land use systems in small plots of land with purposely designed intricate structure and a mixture of planted vascular plants (VPs) for different purposes. Hence, the present study was initiated to investigate the ethnobotanical information of vascular plants of homegardens and their use, conservation and management practice by the people of Dawuro in southwestern Ethiopia.

Methods: A total of 162 farmer informants were selected and interviewed within a distance of < 2 km, 2-4 km and > 4 km between the natural forest and homegardens, and 0.

Insulin-Sensitizing Properties of Decoctions from Leaves, Stems, and Roots of L.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and impaired beta-cell secretory function. Since existing treatments often present side effects based on different mechanisms, alternative therapeutic options are needed. In this scenario, the present study first evaluates the cytotoxicity of decoctions from the leaves, stems, and roots of L.

Perceptual link between inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) stressors and common mental symptoms in Ethiopian health workers: A qualitative study.

Background: Despite the rising prevalence of common mental symptoms, information is scarce on how health workers make sense of symptoms of mental disorders and perceive a link with inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) as work stressors to understand causation and produce useful knowledge for policy and professionals. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how health workers perceive the link between inadequate WASH and common mental symptoms (CMSs) at hospitals in central and southern Ethiopian regions.

Methods: We used an interpretive and descriptive phenomenological design guided by theoretical frameworks.

A Review on Biohazards Removal in Ethiopia: Efficacy of Existing Treatment Systems and Challenges.

Background: Wastewater treatment is crucial to protecting public health and the environment by removing Biohazards. In Ethiopia, however, significant research gaps limit progress, especially regarding the efficiency of Biohazard removal in existing treatment facilities. This review evaluates the effectiveness of current treatment methods for Biohazard removal, highlights key challenges, and offers recommendations.

Empirical and methodological foundations on the impact of climate-smart agriculture on food security studies: Review.

The progress of Ethiopia's agriculture is constrained by climate change leaving smallholder farmers vulnerable. As a panacea to the challenge, development institutions, governments, and research organizations are progressively promoting climate-smart agriculture (CSA) to maximize productivity, increase the resilience of livelihoods and farming systems (adaptation), and minimize or stop greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere (mitigation). This review synthesized knowledge on the prospects of CSA and climate change in addressing the adverse effects of climate change and variability by revising 99 peer-reviewed journal articles.

Availability, pricing, and affordability of antithrombotic medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: implications for health policy.

Background: Antithrombotic medications are essential for the management of abnormal clot formation. However, their availability, pricing, and affordability in Ethiopia, particularly in Addis Ababa, have not been comprehensively studied.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to assess the availability, pricing, and affordability of essential antithrombotic medicines.

One-quarter of freshwater fauna threatened with extinction.

Freshwater ecosystems are highly biodiverse and important for livelihoods and economic development, but are under substantial stress. To date, comprehensive global assessments of extinction risk have not included any speciose groups primarily living in freshwaters. Consequently, data from predominantly terrestrial tetrapods are used to guide environmental policy and conservation prioritization, whereas recent proposals for target setting in freshwaters use abiotic factors.

Partner conflict during their index pregnancy and its correlates among a cohort of six weeks postpartum women in Ethiopia.

Current intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy was found to be associated with adverse health outcomes including pregnancy loss, preterm labor, pregnancy complications, hypertension, delivering low birth weight baby, physical injuries and stress. IPV in Ethiopia is considerably high. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of the IPV during the index pregnancy as measured at six weeks postpartum among women in their extended six weeks postpartum period and identify its correlates.

Strangulated Amyand's hernia with testicular necrosis in an adult: A case report.

Introduction: Amyand's hernia is a rare condition defined by the presence of the vermiform appendix within an inguinal hernia sac. The occurrence of Amyand's hernia with testicular necrosis is particularly uncommon, further complicating its clinical presentation and management.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male presented with a two-year history of progressive right scrotal swelling, acutely worsened over four days with pain and fever.

Serious mental health conditions and exposure to adulthood trauma in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

Background: There is a strong link between trauma exposure and serious mental health conditions (SMHCs), such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The majority of research in the field has focused on childhood trauma as a risk factor for developing an SMHC and on samples from high-income countries. There is less research on having an SMHC as a risk factor for exposure to traumatic events, and particularly on populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Malignant hypertension: current challenges, prevention strategies, and future perspectives.

Introduction: Based on office blood pressure (BP) values, hypertension is categorized into three stages: stage 1 (140-159/90-99 mmHg), stage 2 (160-179/100-109 mmHg), and stage 3 (≥180/≥110 mmHg). Malignant hypertension (MHT) is characterized by extreme BP elevation (systolic blood pressure above 200 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure above 130 mmHg) and acute microvascular damage affecting various organs, particularly the retinas, brain, and kidneys.

Objectives: The pathogenesis, predisposing variables, therapy, and preventive strategies for MHT were examined in this review.

Severe Life-Threatening Hypokalemia Primarily Presented With Isolated Paralysis: Case Series From Ethiopia.

Severe hypokalemia can primarily present as a weakness of the limbs, without any other clinical manifestation. A life-threatening level of decreased serum potassium level can be unusually present with isolated weakness of the limbs and might be misdiagnosed, or the diagnosis may be delayed.

Uncontrolled hypertension among adult hypertensive patients in Addis Ababa public hospitals: A cross-sectional study of prevalence and associated factors.

Background: In 2019, 77% of women and 82% of men with hypertension had uncontrolled hypertension worldwide. Uncontrolled hypertension can cause stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, renal failure, dementia, blindness, and death. However, most of the studies used the previous seventh joint national committee classification to classify hypertensive patients as either controlled or uncontrolled.

Histologically confirmed pediatric extracardiac rhabdomyoma: case series.

Rhabdomyoma is a rare benign tumor of striated muscle, which can be either cardiac or extracardiac. Extracardiac rhabdomyomas can occur throughout the body, though the fetal and adult subtypes are most commonly found in the head and neck region.We present three pediatric cases of extracardiac rhabdomyoma, fetal subtype, detailing their clinical presentations, computed tomography imaging, and tissue biopsy findings.

Designing of immunodiagnostic assay using polyclonal antibodies for detection of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains.

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a significant bacterial pathogen that causes infantile diarrhea, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The lack of a reliable diagnostic method greatly contributes to the increased occurrence and severity of the disease. This study aimed at developing of a cost-effective, rapid, and efficient immunodiagnostic assay for detecting EPEC infection.

Machine-learning methodologies to predict disease progression in chronic hepatitis B in Africa.

Background: Little is known about the determinants of disease progression among African patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: We used machine-learning models with longitudinal data to establish predictive algorithms in a well-characterized cohort of Ethiopian HBV-infected patients without baseline liver fibrosis. Disease progression was defined as an increase in liver stiffness to >7.