Development and testing of a generic patient decision aid for end-of-life care.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop and test a patient decision aid for end-of-life care to be used when some or all life-sustaining treatments have been withheld or withdrawn.

Methods: A multi-professional, multi-sectorial group together with patients and relatives used a systematic process to develop and test the patient decision aid, including alpha and beta testing.

Results: Healthcare professionals, patients and relatives were involved in the development and testing.

Experiences of receiving a medical consultation - an interview study among hospitalized psychiatric patients.

Purpose: People with mental illness often experience more physical health problems, compared to the general population. Therefore, we conducted medical consultations to hospitalized psychiatric patients. The purpose of our study was to investigate experiences of medical consultations from a patient perspective.

Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists' Experiences of Nursing in Anesthesia Care: An Interview Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand certified registered nurse anesthetists' (CRNAs) experiences of nursing in anesthesia care.

Design: An explorative qualitative study was conducted with inspiration from Ricoeur's hermeneutic phenomenological theory of interpretation.

Methods: Three focus group interviews were carried out with participants representing 5 anesthesiology departments from 3 hospitals in Denmark (a total of 14 participants).

Development of Podcasts in a Hospital Setting: A User-Centered Approach.

Patient information plays a pivotal role in preparing individuals for hospital visits and empowering them to actively participate in decision-making processes regarding their healthcare. However, many patients face challenges related to reading comprehension. In response, podcasts have become a popular, user-friendly medium for sharing essential and easily understandable information in an engaging format.

Pain relief after major ankle and hindfoot surgery with repetitive peripheral nerve blocks: A feasibility study.

Background: Major ankle and hindfoot surgery (e.g., ankle, triple and subtalar arthrodesis) typically causes severe postoperative pain, especially the first two postoperative days.

An adult-based genetic risk score for liver fat associates with liver and plasma lipid traits in children and adolescents.

Background & Aims: Genome-wide association studies have identified steatogenic variants that also showed pleiotropic effects on cardiometabolic traits in adults. We investigated the effect of eight previously reported genome-wide significant steatogenic variants, individually and combined in a weighted genetic risk score (GRS), on liver and cardiometabolic traits, and the predictive ability of the GRS for hepatic steatosis in children and adolescents.

Approach & Results: Children and adolescents with overweight (including obesity) from an obesity clinic group (n = 1768) and a population-based group (n = 1890) were included.

Gadolinium-enhanced MRI visualizing backflow at increasing intra-renal pressure in a porcine model.

Introduction: Intrarenal backflow (IRB) is known to occur at increased intrarenal pressure (IRP). Irrigation during ureteroscopy increases IRP. Complications such as sepsis is more frequent after prolonged high-pressure ureteroscopy.

High Plasma Levels of Soluble Lectin-like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Are Associated With Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in Pediatric Overweight and Obesity.

Background Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor-1 is a scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In adults, higher soluble lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (sLOX-1) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, but a similar link in pediatric overweight/obesity remains uncertain. Methods and Results Analyses were based on the cross-sectional HOLBAEK Study, including 4- to 19-year-olds from an obesity clinic group with body mass index >90th percentile (n=1815) and from a population-based group (n=2039).

International Alliance of Urolithiasis guideline on retrograde intrarenal surgery.

Objectives: To set out the second in a series of guidelines on the treatment of urolithiasis by the International Alliance of Urolithiasis that concerns retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), with the aim of providing a clinical framework for urologists performing RIRS.

Materials And Methods: After a comprehensive search of RIRS-related literature published between 1 January 1964 and 1 October 2021 from the PubMed database, systematic review and assessment were performed to inform a series of recommendations, which were graded using modified GRADE methodology. Additionally, quality of evidence was classified using a modification of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence system.

Early detection of childhood overweight and related complications in a Danish population-based cohort aged 2-8 years.

Background: Overweight in early childhood often tracks into adolescence and adulthood and early childhood is a critical period for developing sustained overweight. This study aims to investigate the early detection of childhood overweight (including obesity) and related cardiometabolic complications in a Danish population-based cohort of children aged 2.5-8 years in collaboration with primary care municipal dental clinics and public health nurses.

Hyperglucagonemia in Pediatric Adiposity Associates With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors but Not Hyperglycemia.

Context: In adults, hyperglucagonemia is associated with type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity. The role of glucagon in pediatric overweight/obesity remains unclear.

Objective: We examined whether fasting concentrations of glucagon are elevated in youth with overweight/obesity and whether this associates with cardiometabolic risk profiles.

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Is Associated With Systemic Inflammation in Pediatric Patients Treated With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are challenged with severe side effects, which are propagated by mucosal barrier disruption, and the related microbial translocation and systemic inflammation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a well-known incretin hormone, possesses anti-inflammatory properties and promotes regeneration of damaged intestinal epithelium in animal studies. We hypothesized that the immense inter-individual variation in the degree of mucosal damage and systemic inflammation, seen after HSCT is influenced by endogenous GLP-1 and could be related to acute post-transplant complications.

Population-based pediatric reference values for serum parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate in Danish/North-European white children and adolescents.

Introduction: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D are essential hormones in bone metabolism, especially during pediatric growth. Vitamin D insufficiency is often asymptomatic and is prevalent in high-latitude countries.

Methods: In a Danish population-based cohort of 2211 6-18-year-olds, sex- and age-specific pediatric reference values for fasting concentrations of intact serum PTH, vitamin D (25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 25-OH-D), total calcium, and phosphate were generated in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP28-A3c guidelines.

Human Milk Oligosaccharides Modulate Fecal Microbiota and Are Safe for Use in Children With Overweight: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) impact the intestinal microbiota by increasing beneficial bacteria in infants and adults, and are safe and well tolerated in these age groups. Effects on intestinal microbiota, safety, and digestive tolerance in children have not been, however, assessed. The aims of this trial were to evaluate if HMOs are able to specifically modulate the intestinal microbiota in children, and to assess safety and digestive tolerance.

Implementation of extended possibility for CPAP in general wards: A quality inter-professional intervention project.

Introduction And Objectives: In a Danish Hospital, 70% of all activations of the rapid response team (RRT) in 2016 were related to adult patients with respiratory insufficiency. The most frequent RRT intervention was continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, there was no systematic follow-up and patients could not receive CPAP outside of daytime hours.

Obesity treatment effect in Danish children and adolescents carrying Melanocortin-4 Receptor mutations.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) mutations in a cohort of children and adolescents with overweight or obesity and to determine whether treatment responses differed between carriers and noncarriers.

Methods: Using target region capture sequencing, an MC4R mutation screen was performed in 1261 Danish children and adolescents enrolled at a tertiary multidisciplinary childhood obesity treatment center. Measurements of anthropometrics, blood pressure, fasting blood biochemistry including lipid and hormone levels, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were performed at baseline and throughout treatment.

Danish Language Version of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (AOFAS-AHS) in Patients with Ankle-Related Fractures.

The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (AOFAS-AHS) is, to date, the most widely used scale for evaluating foot and ankle disorders. We translated it into Danish and evaluated the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Danish version of the AOFAS-AHS (AOFAS-DK) in patients aged >18 years with isolated ankle-related fractures. Forward-backward translation, cross-cultural adaption, and validation study were performed.

Long-term patient satisfaction and durability of laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery in a large Danish cohort: study protocol for a retrospective cohort study with development of a novel scoring system for patient selection.

Introduction: Laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery is standard of care in surgical treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and is not without risks of adverse effects, including disruption of the fundoplication and postfundoplication dysphagia, in some cases leading to reoperation. Non-surgical factors such as pre-existing anxiety or depression influence postoperative satisfaction and symptom relief. Previous studies have focused on a short-term follow-up or only certain aspects of disease, such as reoperation or postoperative quality of life.

The Effect of Overweight and Obesity on Liver Biochemical Markers in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Elevated plasma concentrations of liver enzymes are routinely used as markers of liver injury in adults and children. Currently, the age- and sex-specific effects of adiposity on pediatric liver enzyme concentrations are unclear.

Methods: We included participants from 2 cohorts of Danish children and adolescents: 1858 from a population-based cohort and 2155 with overweight or obesity, aged from 6 to 18 years.

Glucose metabolism in children and adolescents: Population-based reference values and comparisons to children and adolescents enrolled in obesity treatment.

Background: Alterations in glucose metabolism that lead to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease may begin already in childhood.

Objective: This study aims to generate pediatric age and sex-specific reference values for fasting concentrations of glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, C-peptide, and homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in Danish/North-European white children and adolescents from a population-based cohort and to compare values from children and adolescents with overweight/obesity with this reference.

Methods: The population- and obesity clinic-based cohorts consisted of 2451 and 1935 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years of age.