Human urinary concentrations of monoisononyl phthalate estimated using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and experimental pharmacokinetics in humanized-liver mice orally administered with diisononyl phthalate.

Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) used as a plasticizer is a mixture of compounds consisting of isononyl esters of phthalic acid. There are concerns about the bioaccumulation of such esters in humans. A [phenyl-U-C]DINP mixture was synthesized and orally administered (50 mg/kg body weight) to control and humanized-liver mice and their pharmacokinetics were determined.

Association with polymorphic marmoset cytochrome P450 2C19 of in vivo hepatic clearances of chirally separated R-omeprazole and S-warfarin using individual marmoset physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.

1. Simulated clearances of R-warfarin and efavirenz were recently reported for individual cynomolgus monkeys genotyped for cytochrome P450 2C19 and 2C9, respectively. To expand and verify this modeling procedure, simulations of R/S-omeprazole and R/S-warfarin clearances after oral administrations in individual marmosets were performed using individual simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling consisting of gut, liver and central compartments.

Simultaneous pharmacokinetics evaluation of human cytochrome P450 probes, caffeine, warfarin, omeprazole, metoprolol and midazolam, in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

1. Pharmacokinetics of human cytochrome P450 probes (caffeine, racemic warfarin, omeprazole, metoprolol and midazolam) composite, after single intravenous and oral administrations at doses of 0.20 and 1.