A review on hydroxyapatite fabrication: from powders to additive manufactured scaffolds.

Hydroxyapatite (HA), the main inorganic bone component, is the most widely researched bioceramic for bone repair. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in HA synthesis methods and their integration into additive manufacturing (AM) processes. Synthesis methodologies discussed include wet, dry, and biomimetic routes, emphasizing their impact on tailoring the physicochemical properties of HA for biomedical applications.

Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of a commercially available herbal mouthwash in accordance with the PN-EN 1040 and EN 1650 standards.

Periodontitis is complex microbial plaque induced condition. In this study, HiOra herbal mouthwash widely marketed in India, achieved a 5-log reduction in standard fungi and bacterial strains within 60 min. Thereby demonstrating antibacterial and antifungal activity similar to chlorhexidine and accordance with the PN EN 1040 and EN 1650 standards.

Syringa oblata Lindl extract alleviated corticosterone-induced depression via the cAMP/PKA-CREB-BDNF pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Syringa oblata Lindl (ZDX) is a plant in the Oleaceae family that is the primary ingredient in the classic Tibetan medicine AKARU sinensis. The plant's stem is used as a medicine, and Tibetan doctors often use it as a sedative, a use with a history of nearly 100 years. Tibetan medicine mainly uses lilac to treat headache, forgetfulness, insomnia, irritability and other symptoms.

Gene expression & biochemical analysis in alkaptonuria caused by a founder pathogenic variant across different age groups from India.

Background & objectives Alkaptonuria (AKU) is an autosomal recessive disease wherein biallelic pathogenic variants in the homogentisate 1,2- dioxygenase (HGD) gene encoding the enzyme homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase cause high levels of homogentisic acid (HGA) to circulate within the body leading to its deposition in connective tissues and excretion in urine. A homozygous splice donor variant (c.87+1G>A) has been identified to be the founder variant causing alkaptonuria among Narikuravars, a group of gypsies settled in Tamil Nadu.

Intuition in Occupational Therapists' Clinical Reasoning: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review aimed to map the various facets of intuition in occupational therapy (OT), from its definitions, theoretical frameworks, epistemological paradigms to practical applications, highlighting its role in decision-making. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, a systematic search of five databases from 1990 to August 2023 identified 337 records related to OT and intuition. After removing duplicates and applying eligibility criteria, 22 studies were included.

A high titer antibody response against P22 protein immunocomplex is not correlated with protection in naturally tuberculosis-infected goats.

Caprine livestock are significant reservoirs of the complex (MTBC), contributing to tuberculosis (TB) transmission among animals and humans. The P22 protein immunocomplex (P22PI), derived from bovine tuberculin, shows immunostimulating capacity and is used for TB diagnosis. This study assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of P22PI in two groups of goats: 24 naïve goats (12 immunised, 12 controls) from a TB-free herd, and 24 infected goats (12 immunised, 12 controls), referred to as pre-infected animals, from a -infected herd.

Precision medicine advances in cystic fibrosis: Exploring genetic pathways for targeted therapies.

Personalized medicine has transformed the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF), providing customized therapeutic approaches based on individual genetic profiles. This review explores the genetic foundations of CF, focusing on mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and their implications for the development of the disease. The advent of genetic testing has enabled the association of specific mutations to disease severity, leading to the development of CFTR modulators like Ivacaftor, Lumacaftor, and Tezacaftor.

Remote Migratory Reductive Arylation of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Electrochemical Nickel Catalysis.

Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between organometallic reagents and electrophiles is a potent method for constructing C(sp)-C(sp) bonds. Given the characters of organometallic reagents, cross-reductive coupling is emerging as an alternative strategy. The resurgence of electrochemistry offers an ideal method for electrochemical reductive of cross-coupling electrophiles.

Aberrance of GAP43/p-GAP43 Closely Associates with the Pathology of Neuron Loss in Prion-Infected Rodent Models.

Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by neuron damage and loss. Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) functions in neuronal plasticity and synaptic function, but its role in prion diseases is not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the changes of GAP43 in the central nerve system (CNS) of several prion-infected rodent models and explored the potential relationship of GAP43 with PrP deposit and neuron loss using various methods.

Silver-Catalyzed Carbamoylation and Carbonylative Cyclization of Alkenes with Oxamic Acids.

Transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation functionalization reaction of alkenes is an attractive research area in modern organic chemistry. However, there have been very few reports on silver-catalyzed reactions in carbonylation reactions. Herein we developed a silver-catalyzed carbamoylation and carbonylative cyclization of alkenes with oxamic acids to obtain 2-acetylamino-1-tetralone derivatives.

The Rise of Digital Twins in Healthcare: A Mapping of the Research Landscape.

The place of digital twin technology in any healthcare system is a truly disruptive innovation that has profound consequences all across medical research and practice. Digital twins represent the virtual replicas that correspond to some physical entity by pulling real-time data streams from different sources to model biological systems for health monitoring and personalization of treatment strategies. This paper presents a detailed review of the current research landscape into digital twins for healthcare.

Insights Into the Research Landscape of Biomedical Physics: A Bibliometric Inquiry.

Biomedical physics is the interdisciplinary field that links the scientific concepts in physics to the practice of medicine and biology, in an effort to understand biological processes, help in the development of medical technologies, to improve human health. This bibliometric study investigates the interdisciplinary field of biomedical physics, which integrates the principles of physics with biological and medical sciences to develop innovative diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. Utilizing the Web of Science database for bibliographic data collection, the analysis employs advanced bibliometric software tools, including Biblioshiny and VOSviewer, to comprehensively map the research landscape.

Unusual Anterior Choroidal Artery Occlusion in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Case Report Highlighting Atypical Presentation.

Anterior choroidal artery (AChA) occlusion is a rare but significant vascular event that can lead to severe neurological deficits. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for various vascular complications, although its association with AChA occlusion in pediatric patients is not commonly seen. A 13-year-old girl, a known case of type 1 diabetes for three years, presented with right-sided headache, visual disturbance in the right eye, and nausea.

Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Alzheimer's Disease and Its Novel Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in the brain, leading to neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The pathophysiology of AD is influenced by receptors for AGEs and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Protein glycation results in irreversible AGEs through a complicated series of reactions involving the formation of Schiff's base, the Amadori reaction, followed by the Maillard reaction, which causes abnormal brain glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, malfunctioning mitochondria, plaque deposition, and neuronal death.

Enhancing flowability of lamivudine through quasi-emulsion solvent-diffusion (QESD) crystallization: A comprehensive study on surfactant impact, particle morphology by QbD concepts and tablet compression challenges.

Lamivudine (LMD), an enantiomer of 2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine, plays a crucial role in combatting HIV-1 and managing hepatitis B virus infections. Despite its effectiveness, challenges arise from its difficult flowability and tendency to agglomerate during storage, necessitating a granulation step before tablet compression, as direct compression has proven ineffective. This study aimed to optimize Lamivudine spherical agglomerates using response surface methodology, delving into the intricate relationship between design factors (concentration of tween, span, and acetone) and experimental outcomes (yield and particle size) through central composite design.

The Improved Antigen Uptake and Presentation of Dendritic Cells Using Cell-Penetrating D-octaarginine-Linked PNVA-co-AA as a Novel Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine.

Cancer immunotherapy using antigen-pulsed dendritic cells can induce strong cellular immune responses by priming cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this study, we pulsed tumor cell lysates with VP-R8, a cell-penetrating D-octaarginine-linked co-polymer of N-vinylacetamide and acrylic acid (PNVA-co-AA), into the DC2.4 murine dendritic cell line to improve antigen uptake and then determined the anti-tumor effect in tumor-bearing mice.

Rabies death in an adolescent tribal girl diagnosed postmortem, in Kerala - the precious life, preventable loss and equity concerns.

Background: Rabies is a neglected tropical disease endemic in 150 countries, including India where it is present in all states and union territories except Andaman and Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep. Kerala reports high incidence of animal bites. This article discusses the preventable death of a 17-year-old tribal girl due to rabies in Kerala and the equity concerns it raises.

Metabolomics analysis reveals the effects of Bunge extract on ameliorating acute myocardial ischemia in rats induced by isoproterenol.

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) is a widespread herbal therapy for myocardial ischemia (MI). Nevertheless, the therapeutic signaling networks of SM extract on MI is yet unknown. Emerging evidences suggested that alterations in cardiac metabolite influences host metabolism and accelerates MI progression.