20,007 results match your criteria: "a Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Service; Hospital Clinic of Barcelona ; Barcelona[Affiliation]"
Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)
December 2024
Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Backgruound: The increasing rate of excess body weight (EBW) in the global population has led to growing health concerns, including cancer-related EBW. We aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer incidence and deaths linked to EBW in Korean individuals from 2015 to 2030 and to compare its value with various body mass index cutoffs.
Methods: Levin's formula was used to calculate the PAF; the prevalence rates were computed using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, while the relative risks of specific cancers related to EBW were estimated based on the results of Korean cohort studies.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry
November 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi
November 2024
Department of Occupational Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
To explore the influencing factors of abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) in occupational motor vehicle drivers. In January 2024, a cluster sampling method was used to study 606 occupational motor vehicle drivers from a transportation service enterprise in Beijing who completed occupational health examination in 2023 in Peking University Third Hospital as observation group and 596 non-occupational motor vehicle drivers as control group. The data of personal history, occupational history, blood pressure and ECG were collected, and the effects of occupational motor vehicle driving on hypertension and ECG were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
November 2024
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Increasing knowledge of obstetric danger signs (ODS) and encouraging birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) practices are strategies to increase skilled maternal health service utilization in low-income countries. One of the methods to increase mothers' knowledge about ODS and promote BPCR practice is through health education intervention (HEI). However, the effect of context-specific community-based health education led by women's groups on these outcomes has yet to be comprehensively studied, and the existing evidence is inconclusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
November 2024
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
Importance: Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have high rates of mortality following myocardial infarction (MI). Hospitalization is an opportunity to initiate or continue evidence-based treatment to reduce risk in individuals with T2D and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Objective: To determine patterns of evidence-based medication use during the period of transition from admission to discharge after hospitalization for MI or coronary revascularization among individuals with T2D and ACS.
Circulation
November 2024
Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Denmark (C.J.H., J.S., P.E.W., T.H.L., R.G., B.G.W., J.T.-H.).
Pathogens
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Medicine, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
Genes (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
Although a lack of diversity in genetic studies is an acknowledged obstacle for personalized medicine and precision public health, Latin American populations remain particularly understudied despite their heterogeneity and mixed ancestry. This gap extends to COVID-19 despite its variability in susceptibility and clinical course, where ethnic background appears to influence disease severity, with non-Europeans facing higher hospitalization rates. In addition, access to high-quality samples and data is a critical issue for personalized and precision medicine, and it has become clear that the solution lies in biobanks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Korean Med Sci
November 2024
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Background: Evaluate the impact of chest X-ray (CXR) screening on mortality and treatment adherence by comparing pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases detected through screening and those routinely diagnosed at healthcare facilities.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 10% randomly sampled National Health Insurance Service claims data assessed PTB cases diagnosed during 2004-2020. Patients were categorized as 'screening-detected (ACF, active case finding)' or 'routinely detected (PCF, passive case finding)' based on CXR screening history.
Aging Clin Exp Res
November 2024
Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Capital Region, Denmark.
Background: Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for severe medical conditions. Adherence to antihypertensive medication, especially in free-dose combinations, poses a significant challenge. This study aims to develop a novel method for assessing co-exposure to free-dose antihypertensive medications using secondary data sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopul Health Manag
November 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major national health challenge with significant disparities linked to socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, sex, and geography, prompting federal efforts to build statewide primary care quality improvement (QI) cooperatives to improve heart health. To be effective, cooperatives require high levels of member engagement and leaders need ways to assess engagement. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a novel Cooperative Member Survey to assess cooperative member engagement and assess the value of the cooperative to members across three statewide heart health QI cooperatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2024
Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
To reduce long hospitalization durations and the high rate of compulsory psychiatric hospitalization in Korea, a revision of the Mental Health Welfare law was passed and implemented in 2017. This study quantitatively analyzed changes in hospitalization use behavior of patients with psychotic and mood disorders after revision of the Mental Health Welfare law in South Korea. The intervention time was June 2017.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrev Med
January 2025
UM Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, 1109 Geddes Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Department of Emergency Medicine, Univ. of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, United States of America; Hurley Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1 Hurley Plaza, Flint, MI 48503, United States of America; Univ. of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Univ. of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC 10-G080, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Youth Violence Prevention Center, Univ. of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Dept of Health Behavior & Health Education, Univ of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights 3790A SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America.
Introduction: Firearm injuries are a leading cause of death for youth/young-adults. We utilized latent class analysis to identify distinct motivational/behavioral patterns of firearm possession in a youth/young-adult emergency department sample to inform prevention strategies.
Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from surveys conducted among youth/young-adults (age = 16-29; n = 1311) seeking emergency department treatment (7/10/2017-6/25/2018).
Neurology
December 2024
From the Department of Cardiology (K.A.C., A.A., N.E.V., J.H.B., M.N.K., L.K., E.F.), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; Danish Center for Health Services Research (S.P.J.), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University; Department of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury (C.K.), Neuroscience Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; Department of Cardiology (M.S.), Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte; and Department of Cardiology and Clinical Investigation (C.T.-P.), Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.
Background And Objectives: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is associated with a higher short-term incidence of stroke. However, long-term data on this association are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the long-term incidence of ischemic stroke after TIA according to ABCD score and to identify factors associated with stroke after TIA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
November 2024
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Importance: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is effective but remains underused in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs).
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a centralized CRC screening outreach intervention involving mailed fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) outreach and patient navigation to colonoscopy after abnormal results of FIT.
Design, Setting, And Participants: A pragmatic randomized clinical trial was conducted, using intention-to-treat analysis.
JAMA Netw Open
November 2024
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Importance: The association between psychological resilience (PR) and frailty progression in older adults is not fully understood.
Objective: To investigate the longitudinal associations between PR and its changes (ΔPR) with frailty progression among older adults.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Data were collected from a community-based prospective cohort study conducted in Shanghai from 2020 to 2023.
Int J Rheum Dis
November 2024
Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body, but the presence of autoantibodies, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), does not always lead to autoimmune diseases. Globally, autoimmunity is on the rise, influenced by socioeconomic factors, environmental exposure, diet, and stress. Climate change and pollution further exacerbate risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Cardiol Sin
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
For the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the recommended treatment target for each modifiable risk factor is as follows: reducing body weight by 5-10%; blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg (systolic pressure < 120 mmHg in high-risk individuals); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 100 mg/dL in high-risk individuals, LDL-C < 115 mg/dL in moderate-risk individuals, LDL-C < 130 mg/dL in low-risk individuals, and LDL-C < 160 mg/dL in those with a minimal; complete and persistent abstinence from cigarette smoking; hemoglobin A1C < 7.0%; fulfilling recommended amounts of the six food groups according to the Taiwan food guide; and moderate-intensity physical activity 150 min/wk or vigorous physical activity 75 min/wk. For the primary prevention of ASCVD by pharmacological treatment in individuals with modifiable risk factors/clinical conditions, statins are the first-line therapy for reducing LDL-C levels; some specific anti-diabetic drugs proven to be effective in randomized controlled trials for the primary prevention of ASCVD are recommended in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; pharmacological treatment is recommended to assist in weight management for obese patients with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m (or 27 kg/m who also have at least one ASCVD risk factor or obesity-related comorbidity); an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, a sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, and finerenone can be used in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease for the primary prevention of ASCVD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Thorac Oncol
November 2024
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Br J Cancer
November 2024
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: Whether blood lipids are causally associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remains unclear.
Methods: Using two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR), our study examined the associations of genetically-predicted blood concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins (primary: LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, and total cholesterol), and genetically-proxied inhibition of HMGCR, NPC1L1, and PCSK9 (which mimic therapeutic effects of LDL-lowering drugs), with risks of CRC and its subsites. Genetic associations with lipids were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (n = 1,320,016), while genetic associations with CRC were obtained from the largest existing CRC consortium (n = 58,221 cases and 67,694 controls).
BMC Prim Care
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: The Ethiopian government, supported by NORAD, the WHO, and other partners, is decentralizing diabetes care to primary health units via a task-shifting approach. Despite substantial investment, there is still a lack of up-to-date information on diabetes screening, diagnosis, treatment, and medication availability in the country.
Objective: This study assessed the effects of the NORAD-WHO intervention on diabetes care services, data quality, and the availability of infrastructure and medical supplies in Ethiopia.
BMJ Open
November 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Introduction: Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) simplification strategies are needed for treatment-experienced people with HIV (PWH) and multidrug-resistant viruses. These individuals are commonly treated with boosted ART regimens and are thereby at risk for harmful drug-drug interactions (DDI). In this trial, we aim to assess the efficacy of the combination doravirine, dolutegravir and lamivudine (DOR/DTG/3TC) among people with a history of virological failure who receive boosted ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney Int
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address:
Lancet
December 2024
School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Cardiometabolic Service, Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Since the discovery of statins and the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) results three decades ago, remarkable advances have been made in the treatment of dyslipidaemia, a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Safe and effective statins remain the cornerstone of therapeutic approach for this indication, including for children with genetic dyslipidaemia, and are one of the most widely prescribed drugs in the world. However, despite the affordability of generic statins, they remain underutilised worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.