Undesirable occupants of bone marrow creating a menace: A 4.5-year audit from a tertiary care centre in Eastern India.

Background: Bone marrow (BM) in addition to being the origin of primary hematological malignancies is also commonly involved in metastatic solid tumors. Bone marrow examination includes aspiration and biopsy, and it is a well-known procedure not only to diagnose hematological malignancies but also for staging and prognosis of various solid tumors. The presence of metastasis in the bone marrow is of grave prognostic significance and it is imperative to rule out marrow involvement in any malignancy where curative treatment is considered.

Haemolytic anemia in a patient of Chronic myeloid leukemia: an unrecognized side-effect of Hydroxyurea?

Hydroxyurea (HU) is frequently used in the treatment of various myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) where it reduces cell proliferation by impairing DNA synthesis leading to decreased hematopoiesis. Herein we report a case of a 65-year-old female who was diagnosed with Chronic myeloid leukemia and developed severe hemolytic anemia requiring multiple packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusions while being treated with hydroxyurea. The haemolysis persisted until discontinuation of the drug.

Fallopian Tube Papilloma: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.

Fallopian tube papilloma (FTP) is one of the benign lesions of the oviduct and is a rare proliferative epithelial lesion. Low incidence and underreporting of the disease limit our knowledge of these lesions. These lesions cause a diagnostic dilemma and need to be differentiated from several other conditions of the fallopian tubes both benign and malignant.

Assessing response to stressful emotions: a controlled crossover study using pupillometry.

Background: Fear and horror induce autonomic protective responses, acting as "survival intelligence." Pupillometry is an innovative method that captures real-time autonomic nervous system reactions to stress.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of pupillometry to assess the acute response to a passive real-life stressor-viewing a truthful war scene.

Advantages and challenges of using arterial spin labelling MRI to monitor cerebral blood flow in multi-centre clinical trials of neurodegenerative disease: Experience from the RADAR study.

Arterial spin labelling (ASL) enables non-invasive quantification of regional brain perfusion using MRI. ASL was used in the Reducing Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease through Angiotensin TaRgeting (RADAR) multi-centre trial to pilot the assessment of the effects of the anti-hypertension drug losartan on cerebral blood flow (CBF). In the multi-centre setting, disparities in ASL implementation on scanners from different manufacturers lead to inherent differences in measured CBF and its associated parameters (e.

C-reactive protein and association with disease severity in hospitalized adult patients with Lassa fever in Nigeria.

Objectives: Lassa fever (LF) poses a significant health burden in West Africa. The pathophysiology of LF and determinants of clinical spectrum of disease remain poorly understood. We performed a study to understand the correlation of blood inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP), with LF disease severity.

Effect of a chemically-modified-curcumin on dental resin biodegradation.

Introduction: Previous studies have shown () esterase is a key mediator of dental composite biodegradation, which can contribute to recurrent caries. This study is to investigate the inhibitory effects of a novel Chemically-Modified-Curcumin (CMC 2.24) on esterase activities and related dental material biodegradation.

Sepsis in Northern Tanzania: A Prospective Observational Study of Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes for Adolescents and Adults With Sepsis.

Background: Despite a high burden of sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa, clinical data for adolescent and adult sepsis in this setting are limited. We sought to describe clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes in adolescents and adults with sepsis in northern Tanzania. We also assessed for clinical associations with in-hospital mortality.

MLL-AF4 upregulates 5-lipoxygenase expression in t(4;11) leukemia cells via the ALOX5 core promoter.

5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), encoded by the gene , is implicated in several pathologies. As key enzyme in leukotriene biosynthesis, 5-LO plays a central role in inflammatory diseases, but the 5-LO pathway has also been linked to development of certain hematological and solid tumor malignancies. Of note, previous studies have shown that the leukemogenic fusion protein MLL-AF4 strongly increases gene promoter activity.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A: a natural pigment with potential anticancer therapeutic effect.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a natural pigment with a chalcone structure extracted from (Safflower), has been widely proven to have good efficacy on cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer, and diabetes. However, no study has reported on the anticancer mechanisms of Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a principal bioactive compound in safflower. This review discusses recent developments in the physicochemical properties and sources, pharmacological effects and mechanisms, pharmacokinetic progress, and safety of HSYA, focusing on the involvement of HSYA in the regulation of related pathways and mechanisms of apoptosis, autophagy, and the tumor immune microenvironment in a variety of cancers.

Mixed radiation with different doses induces CCL17 to recruit CD8T cell to exert anti-tumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Different doses of radiotherapy (RT) exert diverse effects on tumor immunity, although the precise irradiation method remains unknown. This study sought to elucidate the influence of combining different doses of RT with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on the infiltration of CD8T cells within tumors, thereby augmenting the anti-tumor response.

Methods: Constructing a mouse model featuring bilateral lung cancer tumors subjected to high and low dose irradiation, the analysis of RNA transcriptome sequencing data and immunohistochemical validation for tumors exposed to various dosages guided the selection of the optimal low-dose irradiation scheme.

Inflammatory microglia correlate with impaired oligodendrocyte maturation in multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Remyelination of demyelinated axons can occur as an endogenous repair mechanism in multiple sclerosis (MS), but its efficacy varies between both MS individuals and lesions. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that drive remyelination remain poorly understood. Here, we studied the relation between microglia activation and remyelination activity in MS.

Terminal complement complex deposition on chondrocytes promotes premature senescence in age- and trauma-related osteoarthritis.

Background: The complement system is locally activated after joint injuries and leads to the deposition of the terminal complement complex (TCC). Sublytic TCC deposition is associated with phenotypical alterations of human articular chondrocytes (hAC) and enhanced release of inflammatory cytokines. Chronic inflammation is a known driver of chondrosenescence in osteoarthritis (OA).

Physalis Calyx seu Fructus relieves chicken intestinal damage to heat via improving the antioxidant ability.

Heat-stress-induced oxidative and inflammatory responses were important factors contributing to chicken intestinal damage. The purpose of this study was based on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis Calyx seu Fructus (Jin Deng Long, JDL) to investigate its efficacy and mechanism in relieving chicken heat stress damage. Primary chicken embryo duodenum cells and 90 30-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicken were randomly divided into control and JDL groups to establish heat stress models and .

Specific modulation of 28S_Um2402 rRNA 2'--ribose methylation as a novel epitranscriptomic marker of ZEB1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in different mammary cell contexts.

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic transdifferentiation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells. EMT programs exhibit great diversity, based primarily on the distinct impact of molecular activities of the EMT transcription factors. Using a panel of cancer cell lines and a series of 71 triple-negative primary breast tumors, we report that the EMT transcription factor ZEB1 modulates site-specific chemical modifications of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

Three new species of (Amphisphaeriales, Apiosporaceae) in China.

China is located in eastern Asia and has a large quantity and rich variety of bamboo resources. Bamboo resources also contain various fungal species such as The genus is commonly used as plant pathogens, endophytes, and saprophytes, which are widely present in various host ranges around the world. The discovery of metabolites has been proven to play an important role in the pharmaceutical industry.

Co-Delivery of Dacarbazine and miRNA 34a Combinations to Synergistically Improve Malignant Melanoma Treatments.

Purpose: The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) has risen over the past three decades, and despite advancements in treatment, there is still a need to improve treatment modalities. This study developed a promising strategy for tumor-targeted co-delivery of Dacarbazine (DTIC) and miRNA 34a-loaded PHRD micelles (Co-PHRD) for combination treatment of MM.

Methods: To construct the dual drug-loaded delivery system Co-PHRD, poly (L-arginine)-poly (L-histidine)-polylactic acid (PLA) was employed as a building block.

Tanshinone I Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Dermatitis by Suppressing Inflammation and Regulating Keratinocyte Differentiation.

Background: Psoriasis is an immune-related inflammatory systemic condition characterized by dysregulated keratinocyte proliferation and chronic inflammation. Tanshinone I (Tan-I) has recently been discovered to have immunomodulatory properties, but its role and mechanisms in treating psoriasis remain unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Tan-I in the treatment of psoriasis and to determine the mechanisms involved.

A Novel Variant in TUBB4B Causes Progressive Cone-Rod Dystrophy and Early Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Background: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a frequent manifestation of syndromic inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), exemplified by the very rare form of autosomal-dominant Leber congenital amaurosis with early onset deafness (LCAEOD; OMIM #617879). LCAEOD was first described in 2017 in four families segregating heterozygous missense mutations in TUBB4B, a gene encoding a β-tubulin isotype. To date, only eight more families with similar TUBB4B-associated sensorineural disease (SND) have been reported.

A Pilot Trial of Tongue Reconstruction Using the Chimeric Innervated Vastus Lateralis Muscle and Antero-Lateral Thigh Free Flap.

Background: Subtotal and total glossectomies for advanced tongue cancer result in significant speech- and swallow-related morbidity, impairing quality of life. This prospective pilot study compares the safety and functional outcomes associated with using a chimeric innervated muscle and fasciocutaneous flap for soft tissue reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, non-randomized controlled pilot study evaluated a standardized technique for tongue reconstruction using a chimeric innervated vastus lateralis muscle and anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous flap.

Regional brain iron correlates with transcriptional and cellular signatures in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: The link between overload brain iron and transcriptional/cellular signatures in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains inconclusive.

Methods: Iron deposition in 41 cortical and subcortical regions of 30 AD patients and 26 healthy controls (HCs) was measured using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). The expression of 15,633 genes was estimated in the same regions using transcriptomic data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA).

Lack of effect of renal function on uptake of 99mTc-sestamibi in renal masses.

Objective: The appropriate clinical management of indeterminate small renal masses can be improved based on accurate risk stratification. This study aimed to investigate the impact of renal function on the uptake of technetium-99m (99mTc)-sestamibi, a widely available imaging agent that can be utilized to identify oncocytomas and other benign/indolent renal masses.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving 100 consecutive patients who underwent 99mTc-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography.

Prostate Artery Embolization in the Setting of Prostate Cancer: Review and Opinion.

Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE) is a novel minimally invasive angiographic technique that has been used effectively to treat men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, applications of PAE for men with prostate cancer have been minimally studied. This review serves as an update on the status of PAE in men with prostate cancer, as well as a discussion of emerging indications.

Raman Spectroscopy in Cellular and Tissue Aging Research.

The establishment of various molecular, physiological, and genetic markers for cellular senescence and aging-associated conditions has progressed the aging study. To identify such markers, a combination of optical, proteomic-, and sequencing-based tools is primarily used, often accompanying extrinsic labels. Yet, the tools for clinical detection at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels are still lacking which profoundly hinders advancements in the specific detection and timely prevention of aging-related diseases and pathologies.