Cryptocurrency Trading, Day Trading, and Gambling Behavior: Examining the Moderating Effects of Financially Focused Self-Concept and Gambling Motives.

Cryptocurrency and day trading have grown in popularity over the past decade following the creation of the first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, in 2009. These activities share important features with gambling, including risking money on an uncertain outcome, a chance of monetary rewards, and the potential to experience harm (e.g.

Open Science Practices in Gambling Research Publications (2016-2019): A Scoping Review.

The replication crisis has stimulated researchers around the world to adopt open science research practices intended to reduce publication bias and improve research quality. Open science practices include study pre-registration, open data, open access, and avoiding methods that can lead to publication bias and low replication rates. Although gambling studies uses similar research methods as behavioral research fields that have struggled with replication, we know little about the uptake of open science research practices in gambling-focused research.

Examining Responsible Gambling Program Awareness and Engagement Trends and Relationships with Gambling Beliefs and Behaviors: A Three-Wave Study of Customers from a Major Gambling Operator.

A considerable body of literature has examined elements of responsible gambling (RG) programs in land-based gambling venues. The present pre-registered study examines GameSense RG program awareness and engagement trends and relationships with gambling beliefs and behaviors, at MGM's U.S.

Integrating longitudinal clinical and microbiome data to predict growth faltering in preterm infants.

Preterm birth affects more than 10% of all births worldwide. Such infants are much more prone to Growth Faltering (GF), an issue that has been unsolved despite the implementation of numerous interventions aimed at optimizing preterm infant nutrition. To improve the ability for early prediction of GF risk for preterm infants we collected a comprehensive, large, and unique clinical and microbiome dataset from 3 different sites in the US and the UK.

Responsible product design to mitigate excessive gambling: A scoping review and z-curve analysis of replicability.

Objectives: Systematic mapping of evaluations of tools and interventions that are intended to mitigate risks for gambling harm.

Design: Scoping Review and z-curve analysis (which estimates the average replicability of a body of literature).

Search Strategy: We searched 7 databases.

A Comparison of Two GameSense Implementation Approaches: How Program Awareness and Engagement Relate to Gambling Beliefs and Behaviors.

Despite the size and scope of responsible gambling (RG) programs in the U.S., relatively few studies have evaluated these programs.

Gamblers' beliefs about responsibility for minimizing gambling harm: Associations with problem gambling screening and gambling involvement.

Increasingly, gambling stakeholders communicate that minimizing gambling harm is a shared societal responsibility. Individual gamblers' beliefs about responsibility for minimizing gambling harm are worthy of study because these beliefs might influence gambling behavior. In this study, using a sample of casino loyalty program subscribers (N = 4,795), we observed that respondents who had a positive result on a brief gambling disorder screen were more likely than those who screened negative to hold seven stakeholder groups (i.

Advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis in children.

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health threat and is one of the top ten causes of death in children. There are a number of diagnostic, treatment, and preventive innovations that have been developed in the last decade for TB, however, these are out of reach for many children in the world. Areas covered: A comprehensive review of the literature on TB in children was done using PubMed and Ovid databases from 1 January 1996 up to 31 October 2018.

Health Research Priority Setting: The Duties of Individual Funders.

The vast majority of health research resources are used to study conditions that affect a small, advantaged portion of the global population. This distribution has been widely criticized as inequitable and threatens to exacerbate health disparities. However, there has been little systematic work on what individual health research funders ought to do in response.

Let-7 microRNA as a potential therapeutic target with implications for immunotherapy.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of small non-coding RNA that play a major role in various cellular processes by negatively regulating gene expression. In the past decade, miRNA dysregulation has been reported to be closely linked to inflammatory diseases. The immune response modulates cancer initiation and progression; miRNAs including let-7 family members have been shown to act as key regulators of the immune responses in various diseases and cancers.

Barriers to preexposure prophylaxis use among individuals with recently acquired HIV infection in Northern California.

Barriers to HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use have not been well-characterized in people who became HIV-infected, all of whom could have benefited from PrEP. We invited Kaiser Permanente Northern California members diagnosed with HIV during 2014-2016, following a negative HIV test in the prior year, to complete a survey assessing barriers to PrEP use before HIV diagnosis. Of 268 patients surveyed, 122 (46%) responded.

Analysis of predictors of opioid-free analgesia for management of acute post-surgical pain in the United States.

Objectives: Utilization of opioid-free analgesia (OFA) for post-surgical pain is a growing trend to counter the risks of opioid abuse and opioid-related adverse drug events (ORADEs). However, utilization patterns of OFA have not been examined. In this study, we investigated the utilization patterns and predictors of OFA in a surgical population in the United States.

A review of longitudinal clinical programs in US medical schools.

Background: Longitudinal clinical experiences are a common component of undergraduate medical curricula, yet these programs have not been systematically characterized in US medical schools.

Objective: Our study sought to identify and characterize longitudinal clinical programs (LCPs) in US medical schools and measure associations between programs' structures and goals.

Design: Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from publicly available websites.

A retrospective investigation of the relationship between baseline covariates and rate of ALSFRS-R decline in ALS clinical trials.

The revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) is a longitudinal measure of global function commonly used to assess progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and as an endpoint in ALS clinical trials. Understanding how baseline covariates affect the rate of functional decline in ALS offers valuable information to clinical trialists. We used a mixed modeling approach in a retrospective study of the pooled resource open-Access ALS clinical trials database to elucidate the associations between baseline covariates and the rate of ALSFRS-R decline over time.

Experience with telemedicine in a multi-disciplinary ALS clinic.

Objective: Telemedicine using video televisits is emerging as a means to provide care directly to patients. Here we report our experience using video televisits to provide follow-up care as a part of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Telemedicine for People with ALS (TelePALS) initiative.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of all video televisit encounters conducted by the MGH ALS clinic between September 2014 and January 2016.

Defining curricular priorities for student-as-teacher programs: A National Delphi Study.

Background: "Student-as-Teacher" (SaT) programs have been growing in number to prepare medical students for their teaching roles in residency and beyond, but it remains unknown what content areas should be covered in SaT curricula.

Aim: To determine five to ten "essential" content areas for inclusion in SaT curricula using expert opinion.

Methods: Using a three-round Delphi process, moderators iteratively surveyed a panel of 28 medical educators (25 academy directors and three individuals identified as having expertise in undergraduate medical education) representing 25 medical schools in the United States.

Four experimental stimulants found in sports and weight loss supplements: 2-amino-6-methylheptane (octodrine), 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) and 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA).

Background: The United States Food and Drug Administration banned the stimulant 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) from dietary supplements and warned consumers that the stimulant can pose cardiovascular risks ranging from high blood pressure to heart attacks.

Objectives: We designed our study to determine if a new stimulant similar in structure to 1,3-DMAA has been introduced as an ingredient in supplements sold in the United States (US).

Methods: We analyzed six brands of supplements that listed an ingredient on the label (e.

Addressing substance use disorder in primary care: The role, integration, and impact of recovery coaches.

Background: Only 10% of people with substance use disorder (SUD) receive treatment, partially due to inadequate access to specialty SUD care and limited management within primary care. "Recovery coaches" (RCs), peers sharing the lived experience of addiction and recovery, are increasingly being integrated into primary care to help reach and treat people experiencing SUD, yet little is known about how their role should be defined or about their clinical integration and impact.

Methods: Semistructured interviews with RCs (n = 5) and their patients (n = 16) were used to explore patient and RC perspectives on the RC role.