Transcriptomic analysis of Chinese yam ( Turcz.) variants indicates brassinosteroid involvement in tuber development.

is an important but underutilized genus of flowering plants that grows predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions. Several species, known as yam, develop large underground tubers and aerial bulbils that are used as food. The Chinese yam ( Turcz.

RNA interference to combat the Asian tiger mosquito in Europe: A pathway from design of an innovative vector control tool to its application.

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is currently spreading across Europe, facilitated by climate change and global transportation. It is a vector of arboviruses causing human diseases such as chikungunya, dengue hemorrhagic fever and Zika fever. For the majority of these diseases, no vaccines or therapeutics are available.

Darobactin B Stabilises a Lateral-Closed Conformation of the BAM Complex in E. coli Cells.

The β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM complex) is essential for outer membrane protein (OMP) folding in Gram-negative bacteria, and represents a promising antimicrobial target. Several conformational states of BAM have been reported, but all have been obtained under conditions which lack the unique features and complexity of the outer membrane (OM). Here, we use Pulsed Electron-Electron Double Resonance (PELDOR, or DEER) spectroscopy distance measurements to interrogate the conformational ensemble of the BAM complex in E.

Quantification and characterization of PFASs in suspended particulate matter (SPM) of German rivers using EOF, dTOPA, (non-)target HRMS.

In this study, we compare analytical methods for PFAS determination-target analysis, non-target screening (NTS), direct total oxidizable precursor assay (dTOPA) and extractable organically bound fluorine (EOF). Therefore, suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples from German rivers at different locations in time series from 2005 to 2020 were analyzed to investigate temporal and spatially resolved trends. In this study 3 PFAS mass balances approaches were utilized: (i) PFAA target vs.

Sclerotioloids A-C: Three New Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus ST0501.

Alkaloids, as one of the largest classes of natural products with diverse structures, are an important source of innovative medicines. Filamentous fungi, especially those derived from the marine environment, are one of the major producers of alkaloids. In this study, three new alkaloids, sclerotioloids A-C (-), along with six known analogs (-), were obtained under the guidance of the MS/MS-based molecular networking from the marine-derived fungus, ST0501, collected from the South China Sea.

EfectroHO: Development and evaluation of a novel treatment technology for high-brine industrial wastewater.

Textile production is one of the main sources of freshwater consumption by industries worldwide. In addition, according to the world bank, 20 % of the wastewater generated globally is caused by textile wet-processing. Textile wet-processing includes the processes in textile production where garments are dyed or given the final functions like water-repellency.

Total Synthesis of GE81112A: An Orthoester-Based Approach.

The GE81112 series, consisting of three naturally occurring tetrapeptides and synthetic derivatives, is evaluated as a potential lead structure for the development of a new antibacterial drug. Although the first total synthesis of GE81112A reported by our group provided sufficient amounts of material for an initial in depth biological profiling of the compound, improvements of the routes toward the key building blocks were needed for further upscaling and structure-activity relationship studies. The major challenges identified were poor stereoselectivity in the synthesis of the -terminal β-hydroxy histidine intermediate and a concise access to all four isomers of the 3-hydroxy pipecolic acid.

A robust and efficient alluvial filtration method for the clarification of adeno-associated viruses from crude cell lysates.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) based vectors have recently been gaining importance as DNA delivery systems. Efficient downstream processing of AAV remains a major challenge as serotypes differ in physicochemical properties, making it difficult to design uniform purification processes. Clarification of AAV is an especially critical step.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain PAP.21, Isolated from a Coast Sample of Papua, Indonesia.

sp. strain PAP.21 (EXT111902) was isolated from the coast of Cenderawasih Bay National Park in West Papua, Indonesia.

Spatial metabolomics reveal divergent cardenolide processing in the monarch (Danaus plexippus) and the common crow butterfly (Euploea core).

Although being famous for sequestering milkweed cardenolides, the mechanism of sequestration and where cardenolides are localized in caterpillars of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus, Lepidoptera: Danaini) is still unknown. While monarchs tolerate cardenolides by a resistant Na /K -ATPase, it is unclear how closely related species such as the nonsequestering common crow butterfly (Euploea core, Lepidoptera: Danaini) cope with these toxins. Using novel atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging, we compared the distribution of cardenolides in caterpillars of D.

Omicron-induced interferon signaling prevents influenza A H1N1 and H5N1 virus infection.

Recent findings in permanent cell lines suggested that SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 induces a stronger interferon response than Delta. Here, we show that BA.

The diverse role of heparan sulfate and other GAGs in SARS-CoV-2 infections and therapeutics.

In December 2019, the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which infects host cells primarily through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. In addition to ACE2, several studies have shown the importance of heparan sulfate (HS) on the host cell surface as a co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2-binding.

Determination of orally administered 1,8-Cineol in nasal polyp tissues from chronic rhinosinusitis patients using gas chromatography: mass spectrometry.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disease causing considerable disease burden. The anti-inflammatory monoterpene 1,8-Cineol is a natural plant-based therapeutic agent that is well established to treat chronic and acute airway diseases. Aim of this study was to investigate whether the herbal drug 1,8-Cineol reaches the nasal tissue via the gut and the blood stream upon its oral administration.

Crude Extracts of Strains (Ascomycota) Affect Honey Bee () Resistance to Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus.

Viruses contribute significantly to the global decline of honey bee populations. One way to limit the impact of such viruses is the introduction of natural antiviral compounds from fungi as a component of honey bee diets. Therefore, we examined the effect of crude organic extracts from seven strains of the fungal genus in honey bee diets under laboratory conditions.

Protein- and Carbohydrate-Rich Supplements in Feeding Adult Black Soldier Flies () Affect Life History Traits and Egg Productivity.

The black soldier fly, (BSF; Diptera: Stratiomyidae), has come into the focus of research over the past decade since its larvae are polyphagous feeders with an exceptional substrate range, making them a promising candidate for the bioconversion of various organic side streams into valuable insect protein. While larval nutritional requirements have been studied in detail, basic information on adult feeding is still lacking. The reproduction of adult flies is a bottleneck and key determinant in rearing BSF, which has extensive potential for improvement.

Killer to cure: Expression and production costs calculation of tobacco plant-made cancer-immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have achieved huge clinical success. However, many still have limited response rates, and are prohibitively costly. There is a need for effective and affordable ICIs, as well as local manufacturing capacity to improve accessibility, especially to low-to-middle income countries (LMICs).

Respiratory viruses in medicolegal autopsies during the winter season 2021/2022: observations after reduction of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions.

In the context of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, measures were taken to protect the population from infection. These were almost completely lifted in several countries in the spring of 2022. To obtain an overview of the spectrum of respiratory viruses encountered in autoptical routine case work, and their infectivity, all autopsy cases at the Institute of Legal Medicine in Frankfurt/M.

Antimicrobial Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam, Ceftolozane-Tazobactam, Cefiderocol, and Novel Darobactin Analogs against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Pediatric and Adolescent Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Gram-negative pathogens, such as carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pose an increasing threat to health care. Patients with immunodeficiencies or chronic pulmonary disease, like cystic fibrosis (CF), are particularly vulnerable to Pseudomonas infections and depend heavily on antibiotic therapy. To broaden limited treatment options, this study evaluated the potency of the recently licensed drugs ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T), and cefiderocol (FDC) as well as two novel preclinical antibiotics, darobactins B (DAR B) and B9 (DAR B9), against clinical P.

Culex Y Virus: A Native Virus of Culex Species Characterized In Vivo.

Mosquitoes are vectors of various pathogens that cause diseases in humans and animals. To prevent the outbreak of mosquito-borne diseases, it is essential to control vector populations, as treatment or vaccination for mosquito-borne diseases are often unavailable. Insect-specific viruses (ISVs) have previously been described as being potentially helpful against arboviral disease outbreaks.

Suitability of Different Diagnostic Platforms for Virological Testing of Blood Samples from Cornea Donors.

Background: To minimize the risk of disease transmission in cornea transplantation, donor screening for blood-derived viral infections is mandatory. Ideally, pre-mortem blood samples are used, but based on availability, cadaveric blood samples of cornea donors may also be used. However, serological and nucleic acid amplification tests (NATs) need to be validated for the use of cadaveric specimens.

Comprehensive identification of gene expression fingerprints and biomarkers of sexual endocrine disruption in zebrafish embryo.

Endocrine disruptors (EDs), capable of modulating the sex hormone system of an organism, can exert long-lasting negative effects on reproduction in both humans and the environment. For these reasons, the properties of EDs prevent a substance from being approved for marketing. However, regulatory testing to evaluate endocrine disruption is time-consuming, costly, and animal-intensive.