Clearing the path for whole-mount labeling and quantification of neuron- and vessel-density in adipose tissue.

White adipose tissue (WAT) comprises a plethora of cell types beyond adipocytes forming a regulatory network that ensures systemic energy homeostasis. Intertissue communication is facilitated by metabolites and signaling molecules that are spread by vasculature and nerves. Previous works indicated that WAT responds to environmental cues by adapting the abundance of these "communication routes", however, high intra-tissue heterogeneity questions the informative value of bulk or single cell analyses and underscores the necessity of whole-mount imaging.

Outcomes and associated factors of cervical human papillomavirus infection among 608 women in Shenzhen, China, 2018-2023.

Objective: This study aimed to uncover the patterns of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection outcomes in women and assess the risk factors that may affect these outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 608 women who tested positive for HPV-DNA during their initial visit to the outpatient department of Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital from 2018 to 2023 and who had subsequent HPV-DNA testing as part of their post-visit monitoring. The monitoring intervals were every 6 months.

The phase I RELEASE clinical trial to evaluate the safety of NK cells in COVID-19.

The severity of COVID 19 symptoms has a direct correlation with lymphopenia, affecting natural killer (NK) cells. SARS-CoV-2 specific "memory" NK cells obtained from convalescent donors can be used as cell immunotherapy. In 2022 a phase I, dose-escalation, single center clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the infusion of CD3/CD56 NK cells against moderate/severe cases of COVID-19 (NCT04578210).

IS-flanked composite transposon harboring in multidrug-resistant Typhimurium.

Multidrug-resistant Typhimurium has emerged as a global public health concern. Asymptomatic gastrointestinal carriage is a key factor in the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, it is challenging to obtain direct evidence of transfer of mobile genetic elements (MGEs).

Synthesis and biological evaluation of MS-347a derivatives against plant pathogenic fungi based on a strategy of gene introduction.

Our group previously identified MS-347a () as a new fungicide candidate from the culture broth of the mutant strain, sp. KTF-0058, which had the gene inserted. This mutant strain was able to produce a sufficient supply of , allowing for its use to investigate the structure-activity relationship.

Risks of anti- therapy and long-term therapy with antisecretory drugs.

() infection has a protective effect on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Both of these diseases have a very high incidence and prevalence. As a result, GERD often recurs after anti- therapy.

A report on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of three Indonesian forest honeys produced by .

Indonesia, one of the largest tropical forests, offers a diverse range of nectar sources that contribute to the unique characteristics of forest honey. This study aims to investigate physicochemical and antioxidant properties of forest honey from three distinct regions of Indonesia. Key physicochemical parameters include moisture, color, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), density, diastase number (DN), hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), pH, total acidity, ash content, protein content, and reducing sugars.

Skin microbiota: pathogenic roles and implications in atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and inflammatory skin disorder characterized by impaired barrier function and imbalanced immunity. Recent advances have revealed that dysbiosis of skin microbiota plays important roles in the pathogenesis and development of AD. Meanwhile, endogenous and external factors contribute to the dysbiosis of skin microbiota in AD.

Host cell responses to biofilm-derived extracellular vesicles.

is a prevalent fungal pathogen responsible for infections in humans. As described recently, nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of infection by facilitating host inflammatory responses and intercellular communication. This study investigates the functional properties of EVs released by biofilms formed by two strains-3147 (ATCC 10231) and SC5314-in eliciting host responses.

Is an oritavancin catheter lock solution active against biofilms of staphylococci and enterococci?

Background: Oritavancin (ORT) is a new single-dose lipoglycopeptide showing activity against staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, there is no data regarding its potential use as a catheter lock solution are scarce. We constructed an model to analyze the efficacy and stability of an ORT lock solution against the biofilm of staphylococci and enterococci over 7 days at 37 °C.

The primiparous IgA and IL-5 colostrum concentration based on maternal factor: corroborate the inflammation pathways to IgA colostrum synthesis.

Background: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a crucial role in the maturation the neonatal mucosal barrier. The accumulation of IgA antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in the lactating mammary gland facilitates the secretion of IgA antibodies into milk, which are then passively to the suckling newborn, providing transient immune protection against gastrointestinal pathogens. Physiologically, full-term infants are unable to produce IgA, required for mucosal barrier maturation for at least 10 days after birth.

Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B and C and HIV among students at the Federal University of Health Sciences, Azare.

Background: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis viruses B and C have been reported to be endemic in some Nigeria's institutions of higher learning. Several studies have reported varying prevalence rates for hepatitis B and C viruses and HIV among undergraduate students in Nigerian universities.

Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive prevalence study of hepatitis B and C viruses and HIV among students at Federal University of Health Sciences, Azare conducted on the 2nd of December 2023.

Cholera in Nigeria: A review of outbreaks, trends, contributing factors, and public health responses.

Cholera remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, with recurrent outbreaks exacerbated by inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure, as well as conflict and displacement. This review examines cholera outbreaks in Nigeria from 2010 to 2024, analyzing epidemiological trends, contributing factors, and public health responses. Seasonal peaks during periods of heavy rainfall and flooding have consistently facilitated transmission, with Northern regions disproportionately affected due to poor infrastructure and ongoing conflicts.

Probable Case of Cutaneous Anthrax with Toxic Manifestations and Fatality seen in an adolescent in Sokoto, Nigeria: A postmortem review.

Background: Anthrax is a life-threatening zoonotic disease caused by Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium . It manifests as a cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and respiratory disease. The cutaneous form ranges from a self-limiting lesion to severe edematous lesions with toxemic shock.

C-reactive protein and association with disease severity in hospitalized adult patients with Lassa fever in Nigeria.

Objectives: Lassa fever (LF) poses a significant health burden in West Africa. The pathophysiology of LF and determinants of clinical spectrum of disease remain poorly understood. We performed a study to understand the correlation of blood inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP), with LF disease severity.

Mindray CL-900i assay: An effective assay for hepatitis B surface antigen screening with superior specificity.

Objectives: The chemiluminescence immunoassay automated Abbott ARCHITECT hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening assay is globally recognized for its superior sensitivity but notably low specificity. This mandates positive results confirmation by another confirmatory assay, such as the widely used Abbott ARCHITECT HBsAg neutralizing assay. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the new chemiluminescence immunoassay, Mindray CL-900i HBsAg screening assay in comparison to the ARCHITECT neutralizing/confirmatory assay.

From pain to meningitis: bacteria hijack nociceptors to promote meningitis.

Bacterial meningitis is a severe and life-threatening infection of the central nervous system (CNS), primarily caused by and . This condition carries a high risk of mortality and severe neurological sequelae, such as cognitive impairment and epilepsy. Pain, a central feature of meningitis, results from the activation of nociceptor sensory neurons by inflammatory mediators or bacterial toxins.

Transcriptional signature of CD56 NK cells predicts favourable prognosis in bladder cancer.

Human natural killer (NK) cells can be sub-divided into two functional subsets but the clinical significance of these CD56 and CD56 NK cells in anti-tumour immunity remains largely unexplored. We determined the relative abundances of gene signatures for CD56 and CD56 NK cells along with 3 stromal and 18 other immune cell types in the patient tumour transcriptomes from the cancer genome atlas bladder cancer dataset (TCGA-BLCA). Using this computational approach, CD56 NK cells were predicted to be the more abundant tumour-infiltrating NK subset which was also associated with improved patient prognosis.

Comparison of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike following Omicron infection or Omicron BA.4/5 vaccination in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants challenges immunity, particularly among immunocompromised kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). To address this, vaccines have been adjusted to circulating variants. Despite intensive vaccination efforts, SARS-CoV-2 infections surged among KTRs during the Omicron wave, enabling a direct comparison of variant-specific immunity following-vaccination against Omicron BA.

Bryostatin-1 enhances the proliferation and functionality of exhausted CD8+ T cells by upregulating MAP Kinase 11.

Introduction: Bryostatin-1, a potent agonist of the protein kinase C, has been studied for HIV and cancer therapies. In HIV research, it has shown anti-HIV effects during acute infection and reactivation of latent HIV in chronic infection. As effective CD8+ T cell responses are essential for eliminating reactivated virus and achieving a cure, it is important to investigate how bryostatin-1 affects HIV-specific CD8+ T cells.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and of seasonal variations on the innate immune inflammatory response.

Introduction: The innate immune response is an important first checkpoint in the evolution of an infection. Although adaptive immunity is generally considered the immune component that retains antigenic memory, innate immune responses can also be affected by previous stimulations. This study evaluated the impact of vaccination on innate cell activation by TLR7/8 agonist R848, as well as seasonal variations.

Neutralizing antibody landscape of the non-polio Enteroviruses and future strategy.

The non-polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs), consist of enteroviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and rhinoviruses, are causative agents for a wide variety of diseases, ranging from common cold to encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). In recent years, several NPEVs have become serious public health threats, include EV-A71, which has caused epidemics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HMFD) in Southeast Asia, and EV-D68, which caused outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in children worldwide. Infections with these viruses are associated with neurological diseases like aseptic meningitis and AFP.

The PerioGene North study reveals that periodontal inflammation and advanced jawbone loss in periodontitis associate with serum gingipain antibodies but not with systemic autoimmunity.

Introduction: Periodontitis is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One hypothesis posits that this connection arises from the formation of autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPA) in inflamed gums, possibly triggered by . We previously demonstrated an increased antibody response to arginine gingipains (anti-Rgp IgG), not only in individuals with severe periodontitis compared to controls, but in RA versus controls, with an association to ACPA.

Microbial Safety of Sachet Water in Ghana: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Access to safe drinking water is crucial for health and survival, yet many developing countries face significant challenges in this regard. In West Africa, rapid urbanisation has outpaced efforts to improve access to potable water, compelling households to rely on private vendors for solutions, particularly through the growing market for sachet water. Widely consumed in Ghana, sachet water has become a convenient and affordable option, with over 37% of the population depending on it.