Radiomic and clinical model for predicting atypical ductal hyperplasia upgrades and potentially reduce unnecessary surgical treatments.

Objective: To identify patients with atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) at low risk of upgrading to carcinoma. This study aims to assess the performance of radiomics combined with clinical factors to predict occult breast cancer among women diagnosed with ADH.

Methods: This study retrospectively included microcalcification clusters of patients who underwent Mx and VABB with a diagnosis of ADH at a tertiary center from January 2015 to May 2023.

Progression trajectories from prodromal to overt synucleinopathies: a longitudinal, multicentric brain [F]FDG-PET study.

The phenoconversion trajectory from idiopathic/isolated Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) towards either Parkinson's Disease (PD) or Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is currently uncertain. We investigated the capability of baseline brain [F]FDG-PET in differentiating between iRBD patients eventually phenoconverting to PD or DLB, by deriving the denovoPDRBD-related pattern (denovoPDRBD-RP) from 32 de novo PD patients; and the denovoDLBRBD-RP from 30 de novo DLB patients, both with evidence of RBD at diagnosis. To explore [F]FDG-PET phenoconversion trajectories prediction power, we applied these two patterns on a group of 115 iRBD patients followed longitudinally.

External beam radiotherapy followed by image-guided adaptive brachytherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer: a multicenter retrospective analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate oncological outcomes and toxicities in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by image-guided adaptive brachytherapy at two Italian centres.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 122 patients with LACC treated between 2010 and 2022. Primary endpoints were local control (LC), pelvic control (PC), and nodal control (NC).

Antiviral combination treatment strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to report the available evidence regarding the use of combination regimens of antivirals and/or antibody-based therapy in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised patients.

Recent Findings: Literature search identified 24 articles, excluding single case reports, which included mainly patients with hematological malignancies and/or B-cell depletion. Data were divided based on the timing and reason for administration of combination treatment, that is, early treatment to prevent progression to severe COVID-19 and treatment of prolonged or relapsed infection.

Response assessment in pediatric neurooncology (RAPNO) criteria revisited: a practical navigation guide for neuroradiologists.

The Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) Working Group is an international, collaborative network of experts dedicated to pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors that was created in 2011. Since then, six RAPNO articles with imaging guidelines for response assessment in diverse pediatric tumor subgroups have been published, namely: 1) medulloblastomas and leptomeningeal seeding tumors (2018), 2) pediatric high-grade gliomas (2020), 3) pediatric low-grade gliomas (2020), 4) diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (2020), 5) pediatric intracranial ependymomas (2022) and 6) pediatric craniopharyngiomas (2023). The purpose of this article is to review all current available RAPNO criteria using a systematized and comparative approach centered on the role of neuroradiologists and supported by neuroimaging examples.

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Dalbavancin in Plasma of Pediatric and Young Adult Patients.

Background: Dalbavancin, an antimicrobial lipoglycopeptide, is authorized in Europe for treating acute bacterial infections of the skin and skin structures in adults and pediatric patients aged 3 months and older. However, off-label dosing regimens have been proposed for various indications beyond acute bacterial infections of the skin and skin structures. This study presents a novel bioanalytical method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to quantify dalbavancin in low-volume plasma samples (50 μL).

Monitoring emergency and urgent surgery: an improvement in a Healthcare Management Unit at a third-level hospital in Italy.

Introduction: At San Martino IRCCS Hospital in Genoa, Italy, emergency and urgent surgery is classified according to the National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD) classification, whereby cases are divided into two categories and colour-coded accordingly: - EMERGENCY - (Colour-code: RED) "Surgery to be performed within minutes"; - URGENCY - (colour-code: YELLOW) "Surgery to be performed within hours". In this context, it is essential that the emergency surgical team gets clear and complete information from the proposing surgeon, in order to complete the surgical list.

Methods: Between 14 April 2023 and 23 July 2023, a new method of requesting urgent and emergency surgery by filling out an online form was tested.

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on emergency health care demand: inverse relationship between COVID-like illnesses and ED accesses in Genoa, Italy.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 has changed the demand for in-person health care. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyzed data on access to San Martino Hospital Emergency Department (ED), Genoa, Italy, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Descriptive statistics for 180,117 records of patients accessing the ED between 2019 and 2021 were reported.

Violence against healthcare workers during the phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: a descriptive observational study from 2018 to 2023 in the metropolitan city of Genoa (North-Western Italy).

Background: Violence against healthcare workers is an escalating public health concern, affecting the quality of care, and causing significant psychological and physical effects on healthcare professionals. This study analysed the trend in aggressions in healthcare settings in the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods.

Methods: An observational descriptive study was conducted to analyse reports of violence against healthcare workers from January 2018 to June 2023 at a Local Health Authority "ASL3" in the Liguria region of Italy.

COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis: challenges and lessons for patient care.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their healthcare providers have faced unique challenges related to the interaction between SARS-CoV-2, underlying neurological disease and the use of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). Key concerns arose, primarily related to the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 infection could trigger the initial demyelinating event or exacerbate disease activity. Another major concern was the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines, especially for patients undergoing specific treatments that could weaken their antibody responses.

Stress and Quality of Life of Parents of Children With POLR3-Related Leukodystrophy: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.

RNA polymerase III (POLR3)-related leukodystrophy is a rare, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by hypomyelination, hypodontia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Despite the challenges of caring for a child with POLR3-related leukodystrophy, few studies have examined parents' disease burden. We sought to investigate quality of life and stress levels amongst parents of children with POLR3-related leukodystrophy.

PSMA PET-targeted Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Initial Experience From a Multicenter Cohort.

Objective: To describe the initial experience with PSMA-PET/CT-guided biopsy in European referral centres.

Methods: This multicenter observational cohort study was endorsed by the Young Academic Urologist (YAU) Prostate Cancer Group of the EAU and conducted across 6 tertiary-level European centres. PSMA-guided biopsies were carried out in a cognitive/fusion manner for all the recruited patients with or without MRI-guided biopsies and/or standard biopsy (SB).

Multiplex molecular assays for the laboratory-based and point-of-care diagnosis of infections caused by seasonal influenza, COVID-19, and RSV.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2, seasonal influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are major causes of acute respiratory infections in all age groups and responsible for an enormous socio-economic burden. The recently coined term 'tripledemic' describes co-circulation of these three viruses, a novel epidemiological paradigm that poses profound public health implications.

Areas Covered: Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is now considered the reference method for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV infections.

Interval breast cancer rates for tomosynthesis vs mammography population screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Objectives: We aimed to synthesise evidence from prospective studies of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) screening to assess its effectiveness compared to digital mammography (DM). Specifically, we examined whether DBT reduces interval cancer rates (ICRs) in population breast cancer screening.

Materials And Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of DBT screening studies (identified from January 2013 to March 2024).