Sex and APOE genotype modulate neuropsychological profile and depression in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Introduction: Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common form of focal epilepsy, often associated with cognitive impairments, particularly in memory functions, and depression. Sex and APOE ε4 genotype play a crucial role in modulating cognitive outcomes and depression in various neurological conditions like Alzheimer's disease. However, the combined effects of APOE genotype and sex on cognitive performance and depression in temporal lobe epilepsy have not been previously investigated.

Noninvasive Assessment to Identify Patients With At-Risk Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously termed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is a major global health issue and a leading cause of chronic liver disease. The prevalence of MASLD is increasing globally, with the disease in some patients progressing to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which significantly raises the risk of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and adverse outcomes. Accurate identification of patients with at-risk MASH, defined as MASH with a fibrosis stage of 2 or higher, is critical for timely intervention and management.

Care and decision-making at the end of life for migrants living in the Netherlands: An intersectional analysis.

As migrant populations age, the care system is confronted with the question how to respond to care needs of an increasingly diverse population of older adults. We used qualitative intersectional analysis to examine differential preferences and experiences with care at the end of life of twenty-five patients and their relatives from Suriname, Morocco and Turkey living in The Netherlands. Our analysis focused on the question how - in light of impairment - ethnicity, religion and gender intersect to create differences in social position that shape preferences and experiences related to three main themes: place of care at the end of life; discussing prognosis, advance care, and end-of-life care; and, end-of-life decision-making.

Clinical and neuropathological associations of plasma Aβ/Aβ, p-tau217 and neurofilament light in sporadic frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders.

Introduction: Plasma amyloid beta/amyloid beta (Aβ/Aβ) and phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau217) identify individuals with primary Alzheimer's disease (AD). They may detect AD co-pathology in the setting of other primary neurodegenerative diseases, but this has not been systematically studied.

Methods: We compared the clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological associations of plasma Aβ/Aβ (mass spectrometry), p-tau217 (electrochemiluminescence), and neurofilament light ([NfL], single molecule array [Simoa]), as markers of AD co-pathology, in a sporadic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) cohort ( = 620).

Age-disproportionate atrophy in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease spectra.

Introduction: Brain age gap (BAG), defined as the difference between MRI-predicted 'brain age' and chronological age, can capture information underlying various neurological disorders. We investigated the pathophysiological significance of the BAG across neurodegenerative disorders.

Methods: We developed a brain age estimator using structural MRIs of healthy-aged individuals from one cohort study.

Inflammation biomarkers and Alzheimer's disease: A pilot study using NULISAseq.

Introduction: Increasing evidence links amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation with inflammation. This pilot study investigated the use of an immunoassay panel to map biomarker changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, we evaluated the stability of protein quantification after multiple freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs).

Multiorgan Dysfunction and its Association With Congestion and Outcome in Aortic Stenosis Treated With TAVI.

Background: Degenerative severe aortic stenosis (AS) is treated by valve replacement to improve outcome. Despite diagnostic advancements, many AS patients are still diagnosed late with advanced heart failure.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess multiorgan dysfunction in severe AS using blood biomarkers and their association with quantitative fluid levels and clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Pregnancy-Associated Myocardial Infarction in Alberta: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Cardiac disease is the leading cause of maternal mortality in developed countries, and myocardial infarction (MI) is an important cause of pregnancy-associated morbidity and mortality. These infrequent, but very serious, events are not optimally described in the medical literature.

Objectives: This study describes a 15-year consecutive, retrospective cohort of confirmed pregnancy-associated MIs (PAMIs) identified in Alberta, Canada (2003-2017).

Sex Differences in the Safety and Efficacy of Different Durations of DAPT After PCI.

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the clinical impact of abbreviating the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and have reported outcomes in men and women.

Objectives: The authors examined the safety and efficacy of different durations of DAPT following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in men and women.

Methods: We searched Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for RCTs that compared any 2 of 1, 3, 6, or 12 months of DAPT after PCI and reported outcomes in men and women.

Development of Chitosan-Polyacrylic Acid Complex Systems for Enhanced Oral Delivery of and Probiotics.

Introduction: The beneficial effects of probiotics are encountered by their low viability in gastrointestinal conditions and their insufficient stability during manufacturing, throughut the gastrointestinal transit, and storage. Therefore, novel systems are highly required to improve probiotics delivery.

Methods: In this study, Lactobacillus gasseri (L), Bifidobacterium bifidum (B), and a combination of L+B were encapsulated in chitosan (CS)-polyacrylic acid (PAA) complex systems (CS-PAA).

Late-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (LORA): A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge Among Older Patients Visiting a Poorly Resourced Health-Care Setting.

Late-onset rheumatoid arthritis (LORA) presents a unique diagnostic challenge among older patients, particularly in poorly resourced healthcare settings. As global life expectancy increases, so does the prevalence of LORA, a condition that differs significantly from young-onset rheumatoid arthritis (YORA). This review explores the distinct clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, laboratory findings, and treatment challenges of LORA, emphasising its impact on low- and middle-income countries.

Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Leader-follower Robot-assisted System for Femur Fracture Surgery.

In the face of challenges encountered during femur fracture surgery, such as the high rates of malalignment and X-ray exposure to operating personnel, robot-assisted surgery has emerged as an alternative to conventional state-of-the-art surgical methods. This paper introduces the development of a leader-follower robot-assisted system for femur fracture surgery, called Robossis. Robossis comprises a 7-DOF haptic controller and a 6-DOF surgical robot.

Ethanolic Extract Enhances Wound Healing by Modulating FAK/Src/Akt/p38 and Rac1 Signaling in Keratinocytes HaCaT Cells.

Recently, seaweed extracts have been found to have potential in skin benefits. This study, therefore, aimed to explore phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties of brown seaweed ethanolic extract (SPEE) on human skin keratinocyte HaCaT cells and the possible mechanism involved. Our results indicated that SPEE contained flavonoid, phenolic, and carotenoid as the major active constituents.

Anatomic site distribution of in men who have sex with men attending a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Background And Objectives: Anorectal and pharyngeal infections with (NG) are common in men who have sex with men (MSM). However, they are often asymptomatic and found in the absence of reported risk behavior and concurrent genital infection. These serve as a hidden reservoir for ongoing transmission and may cause complications.

Fluorogenic Tetrazine Bioorthogonal Probes for Advanced Application in Bioimaging and Biomedicine.

A variety of bioorthogonal chemical tools have been developed and widely used in the study of biological phenomena in situ. Tetrazine bioorthogonal chemistry exhibits ultrafast reaction kinetics, excellent biocompatibility, and precise optical regulatory capabilities. Fluorogenic tetrazine bioorthogonal probes have achieved particularly diverse applications in bioimaging and disease diagnosis and treatment.

Line-Shifting Triarylmethyl Radicals for Imaging of Enzyme Activity Using Overhauser-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Application to Alkaline Phosphatase.

Enzyme catalytic activities are critical biomarkers of tissue states under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. However, the direct measurement and imaging of enzyme activity remains extremely challenging. We report the synthesis and characterization of the first stable triarylmethyl (TAM) radical substrate of alkaline phosphatase (TAM-ALPs).

Systematics of the complex, with evidence for 3 additional Afrotropical bat species.

Roughly a third of all horseshoe bat species (Rhinolophidae: ) are found in Africa, where a recent continent-wide genetic survey suggested the presence of both undescribed and apparently invalid species. Here, we focus on the species complex and the recent elevation of Peters, 1852, to species rank. That action created ambiguity in the taxonomy of East African members of the group-are both Martin, 1838, and sympatric in East Africa or is another, unnamed species present there? Here, we refine genetic, morphological, and behavioral characterizations of and its erstwhile synonyms with samples from the vicinity of their type localities.

Brief Report: Impact of Maintenance Pemetrexed Cessation on Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic Nonsquamous NSCLC.

Introduction: Combination chemoimmunotherapy including pemetrexed and a PD(L)1 inhibitor is a common first-line systemic therapy approach for patients with metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC. Patients often discontinue maintenance pemetrexed due to adverse effects, and little is known about the impact of maintenance pemetrexed cessation on real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (OS).

Methods: A total of 121 patients with stage IV or recurrent, metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC treated at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) were included in this retrospective analysis.

Deep Learning-Based Identification of Echocardiographic Abnormalities From Electrocardiograms.

Background: Heart failure should be diagnosed as early as possible. Although deep learning models can predict one or more echocardiographic findings from electrocardiograms (ECGs), such analyses are not comprehensive.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a deep learning model for comprehensive prediction of echocardiographic findings from ECGs.

Long-Term Time in Target Range for Systolic Blood Pressure Since Childhood and Midlife Arterial Stiffness.

Background: Elevated blood pressure (BP) in childhood is associated with adult hypertension and arterial stiffness. However, the effect of long-term time in target range (TTR) for BP since childhood on the risk of arterial stiffness in midlife remains unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the independent association of TTR for systolic blood pressure (SBP) from childhood to midlife with arterial stiffness in adulthood.