Application of Additive Manufacturing and Deep Learning in Exercise State Discrimination.

With the rapid development of sports technology, smart wearable devices play a crucial role in athletic training and health management. Sports fatigue is a key factor affecting athletic performance. Using smart wearable devices to detect the onset of fatigue can optimize training, prevent excessive fatigue and resultant injury, and increase efficiency and safety.

A Review on Face Mask Recognition.

This review offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of face mask detection and recognition technologies, emphasizing their critical role in both public health and technological advancements. Existing detection methods are systematically categorized into three primary classes: feaRture-extraction-and-classification-based approaches, object-detection-models-based methods and multi-sensor-fusion-based methods. Through a detailed comparison, their respective workflows, strengths, limitations, and applicability across different contexts are examined.

Passive Monitoring of Parkinson Tremor in Daily Life: A Prototypical Network Approach.

Objective and continuous monitoring of Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor in free-living conditions could benefit both individual patient care and clinical trials, by overcoming the snapshot nature of clinical assessments. To enable robust detection of tremor in the context of limited amounts of labeled training data, we propose to use prototypical networks, which can embed domain expertise about the heterogeneous tremor and non-tremor sub-classes. We evaluated our approach using data from the Parkinson@Home Validation study, including 8 PD patients with tremor, 16 PD patients without tremor, and 24 age-matched controls.

An Investigation of the Domain Gap in CLIP-Based Person Re-Identification.

Person re-identification (re-id) is a critical computer vision task aimed at identifying individuals across multiple non-overlapping cameras, with wide-ranging applications in intelligent surveillance systems. Despite recent advances, the domain gap-performance degradation when models encounter unseen datasets-remains a critical challenge. CLIP-based models, leveraging multimodal pre-training, offer potential for mitigating this issue by aligning visual and textual representations.

Embedding Trust in the Media Access Control Protocol for Wireless Networks.

IEEE 802.11 is one of the most common medium access control (MAC) protocols used in wireless networks. The carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanisms in 802.

Elephant Sound Classification Using Deep Learning Optimization.

Elephant sound identification is crucial in wildlife conservation and ecological research. The identification of elephant vocalizations provides insights into the behavior, social dynamics, and emotional expressions, leading to elephant conservation. This study addresses elephant sound classification utilizing raw audio processing.

Enhancing Low-Light Images with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Transformer Attention.

Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) techniques improve the performance of image sensors by enhancing visibility and details in poorly lit environments and have significantly benefited from recent research into Transformer models. This work presents a novel Transformer attention mechanism inspired by the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem, incorporating learnable non-linearity and multivariate function decomposition. This innovative mechanism is the foundation of KAN-T, our proposed Transformer network.

Inductive Power Transfer Coil Misalignment Perception and Correction for Wirelessly Recharging Underground Sensors.

Field implementations of fully underground sensor networks face many practical challenges that have limited their overall adoption. Power management is a commonly cited issue, as operators are required to either repeatedly excavate batteries for recharging or develop complex underground power infrastructures. Prior works have proposed wireless inductive power transfer (IPT) as a potential solution to these power management issues, but misalignment is a persistent issue in IPT systems, particularly in applications involving moving vehicles or obscured (e.

Seed Protein Content Estimation with Bench-Top Hyperspectral Imaging and Attentive Convolutional Neural Network Models.

Wheat is a globally cultivated cereal crop with substantial protein content present in its seeds. This research aimed to develop robust methods for predicting seed protein concentration in wheat seeds using bench-top hyperspectral imaging in the visible, near-infrared (VNIR), and shortwave infrared (SWIR) regions. To fully utilize the spectral and texture features of the full VNIR and SWIR spectral domains, a computer-vision-aided image co-registration methodology was implemented to seamlessly align the VNIR and SWIR bands.

Heat Stroke Warning System Prototype for Athletes: A Pilot Study.

This research has developed a heat stroke warning system prototype for athletes utilizing the following sensors: DHT22, GY-906-BAA MLX90614, MAX30102. The device calculates the heat stroke risk and notifies users. The data is recorded, stored, displayed on a free-access website which graphs body temperature, ambient temperature, humidity, heart rate and heat stroke risk, and provides notifications for athletes engaged in outdoor activities.

Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience: Transformative Synergies in Brain Research and Clinical Applications.

The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and neuroscience is redefining our understanding of the brain, unlocking new possibilities in research, diagnosis, and therapy. This review explores how AI's cutting-edge algorithms-ranging from deep learning to neuromorphic computing-are revolutionizing neuroscience by enabling the analysis of complex neural datasets, from neuroimaging and electrophysiology to genomic profiling. These advancements are transforming the early detection of neurological disorders, enhancing brain-computer interfaces, and driving personalized medicine, paving the way for more precise and adaptive treatments.

Clinical Presentation, Treatment Outcomes, and Demographic Trends in Vestibular Schwannomas: A 135-Case Retrospective Study.

: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 135 cases of vestibular schwannoma (VS) treated between 2006 and 2022 at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases in Bucharest, Romania. The investigation focuses on the clinical presentation, treatment outcomes, and demographic trends of VS patients, highlighting region-specific insights that fill critical gaps in Eastern European data. : Patients were treated with either open surgery (93.

Real-Time Biomarkers of Liver Graft Quality in Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion.

: Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion has emerged as a strategy to alleviate ischemic-reperfusion injury in liver grafts. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the effectiveness of hypothermic liver perfusion in evaluating organ quality. This study aimed to introduce a readily accessible real-time predictive biomarker measured in machine perfusate for post-transplant liver graft function.

Less Is More: Evaluating the Benefits of Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery.

This review aims to explore the evolution, techniques, and outcomes of minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) within the field of neurosurgery. We sought to address the increasing burden of spine degeneration in a rapidly aging population and the need for optimizing surgical management. This review explores various techniques in MISS, drawing upon evidence from retrospective studies, case series, systematic reviews, and technological advancements in neurosurgical spine treatment.

Four-Dimensional Printing of β-Tricalcium Phosphate-Modified Shape Memory Polymers for Bone Scaffolds in Osteochondral Regeneration.

The use of scaffolds for osteochondral tissue regeneration requires an appropriate selection of materials and manufacturing techniques that provide the basis for supporting both cartilage and bone tissue formation. As scaffolds are designed to replicate a part of the replaced tissue and ensure cell growth and differentiation, implantable materials have to meet various biological requirements, e.g.

All-Fiber Micro-Ring Resonator Based p-Si/n-ITO Heterojunction Electro-Optic Modulator.

With the rapid advancement of information technology, the data demands in transmission rates, processing speed, and storage capacity have been increasing significantly. However, silicon electro-optic modulators, characterized by their weak electro-optic effect, struggle to balance modulation efficiency and bandwidth. To overcome this limitation, we propose an electro-optic modulator based on an all-fiber micro-ring resonator and a p-Si/n-ITO heterojunction, achieving high modulation efficiency and large bandwidth.

Steel Ball Impact on SiC/AlSi12 Interpenetrated Composite by Peridynamics.

Silicon carbide and an aluminum alloy (SiC/AlSi12) composite are obtained during the pressurized casting process of the aluminum alloy into the SiC foam. The foam acts as a high-stiffness skeleton that strengthens the aluminum alloy matrix. The goal of the paper is to describe the behavior of the material, considering its internal structure.

Differential Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Responses to Particulate Matter Components in Airway Structural Cells.

Particulate matter (PM) is a major component of ambient air pollution. PM exposure is linked to numerous adverse health effects, including chronic lung diseases. Air quality guidelines designed to regulate levels of ambient PM are currently based on the mass concentration of different particle sizes, independent of their origin and chemical composition.

Environmental Exposure to Bisphenol A Enhances Invasiveness in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a prevalent environmental contaminant found in plastics and known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, posing risks to both human health and the environment. Despite its widespread presence, the impact of BPA on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) progression, especially under realistic environmental conditions, is not well understood. This study examined the effects of BPA on PTC using a 3D thyroid papillary tumor spheroid model, which better mimicked the complex interactions within human tissues compared to traditional 2D models.

Impact of Obesity on Short-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic/Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy for Benign or Malignant Adrenal Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.

: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RLA) is one of two laparoscopic procedures used to treat benign and malignant adrenal diseases. Obesity in patients undergoing minimally invasive adrenal surgery is a frequently discussed topic. Our meta-analysis aimed to provide updated evidence by comparing intraoperative and perioperative outcomes on non-obese (NOb) and obese (Ob) patients who underwent RLA due to benign or malignant disease.

Successful Management of Thyrocervical Trunk Aneurysm Ruptured into the Thoracic Cavity After Cesarean Section in Nonstable Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type I.

Rupture of the thyrocervical trunk aneurysm into the thoracic cavity does not occur very often. It is an urgent condition due to hemorrhagic shock by massive hemothorax with potentially fatal consequences. Pregnancy and puerperium are additional risk factors for a rupture of the thyrocervical trunk aneurysm in patients with neurofibromatosis and aneurysms.

Pan-Cancer Upregulation of the Transcription Factor.

Background: The human transcription factor controls cell cycle progression and genome stability, and it has been correlated to the onset and progression of many tumor types.

Methods: In our study, we collected all recent sequence and quantitative transcriptomics data about , testing its presence across vertebrate evolution and its upregulation in cancer, both in bulk tissue contexts (by comparing the TCGA tumor dataset and the GTEx normal tissue dataset) and in single-cell contexts.

Results: is significantly and consistently upregulated in all tested tumor types, as well as in tumor cells within a cancer microenvironment.

Unveiling the Mechanisms of a Remission in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)-like Syndrome: The Role of Hippocampal Palmitoyltransferase Expression and Stress Susceptibility.

Post-translational modifications of proteins via palmitoylation, a thioester linkage of a 16-carbon fatty acid to a cysteine residue, reversibly increases their affinity for cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in membranes, changing their function. Little is known about how altered palmitoylation affects function at the systemic level and contributes to CNS pathology. However, recent studies suggested a role for the downregulation of palmitoyl acetyltransferase (DHHC) 21 gene expression in the development of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)-like syndrome.

PaleAle 6.0: Prediction of Protein Relative Solvent Accessibility by Leveraging Pre-Trained Language Models (PLMs).

Predicting the relative solvent accessibility (RSA) of a protein is critical to understanding its 3D structure and biological function. RSA prediction, especially when homology transfer cannot provide information about a protein's structure, is a significant step toward addressing the protein structure prediction challenge. Today, deep learning is arguably the most powerful method for predicting RSA and other structural features of proteins.

Reeve's Muntjac () Habitat Suitability Under Climate Change Scenarios in Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, China.

Climate change and human disturbance are critical factors affecting the habitat distribution of wild animals, with implications for management strategies such as protecting migration corridors, habitat restoration, and species conservation. In the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve (NNR), Reeve's muntjac () is a key prey species for the South China tiger (), which is extinct in the wild and targeted for reintroduction by the Chinese government. Thus, understanding the habitat distribution and abundance of Reeve's muntjac is essential to ensure the survival and sustainability of reintroduced tiger populations.