The developmental lipidome of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.

Background: Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-a nematode of rodents-is commonly used as a model to study the immunobiology of parasitic nematodes. It is a member of the Strongylida-a large order of socioeconomically important parasitic nematodes of animals. Lipids are known to play essential roles in nematode biology, influencing cellular membranes, energy storage and/or signalling.

Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit) leaves.

This study investigated the effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) treatment on the growth, chemical composition, and biological activity of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit) leaves. NTAP was applied at a frequency of 13.56 MHz, exposure time of 15 s, discharge temperature of 25 °C, and power levels (T1 = 50, T2 = 80, and T3 = 120 W).

Synergistic anticancer effects of cisplatin and phenolic aglycones of the aerial part of Rumex dentatus L. in tongue squamous cell carcinoma: insights from network pharmacology and biological verification.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks as the sixth most common malignancy globally. Cisplatin is the standard chemotherapy for OSCC, but resistance often reduces its efficacy, necessitating new treatments with fewer side effects. Rumex dentatus L.

Unveiling the omics tapestry of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: bridging genomics, metabolomics, and immunomics.

Acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a highly heterogeneous hematologic malignancy, characterized by significant molecular differences among patients as the disease progresses. While the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and metabolic reprogramming are known to play crucial roles in B-ALL, the interactions between lipid metabolism, immune pathways, and drug resistance remain unclear. In this study, we performed multi-omics analysis on different patient cohorts (newly diagnosed, relapsed, standard-risk, and poor-risk) to investigate the molecular characteristics associated with metabolism, signaling pathways, and immune regulation in B-ALL.

Proteomic profiling identifies upregulation of aurora kinases causing resistance to taxane-type chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer.

Nowadays, chemotherapy and immunotherapy remain the major treatment strategies for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Identifying biomarkers to pre-select and subclassify TNBC patients with distinct chemotherapy responses is essential. In the current study, we performed an unbiased Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) on TNBC cells treated with chemotherapy compounds and found a leading significant increase of phosphor-AURKA/B/C, AURKA, AURKB, and PLK1, which fall into the mitotic kinase group.

Metabolic profiles of meconium in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies.

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a common vascular pregnancy disorder affecting maternal and fetal metabolism with severe immediate and long-term consequences in mothers and infants. During pregnancy, metabolites in the maternal circulation pass through the placenta to the fetus. Meconium, a first stool of the neonate, offers a view to maternal and fetoplacental unit metabolism and could add to knowledge on the effects of PE on the fetus and newborn.

Global metabolomic alterations associated with endocrine-disrupting chemicals among pregnant individuals and newborns.

Background: Gestational exposure to non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. While many EDCs affect the endocrine system, their effects on endocrine-related metabolic pathways remain unclear. This study aims to explore the global metabolome changes associated with EDC biomarkers at delivery.

Foliar application of nano biochar solution elevates tomato productivity by counteracting the effect of salt stress insights into morphological physiological and biochemical indices.

Nano-biochar considers a versatile and valuable sorbent to enhance plant productivity by improving soil environment and emerged as a novel solution for environmental remediation and sustainable agriculture in modern era. In this study, roles of foliar applied nanobiochar colloidal solution (NBS) on salt stressed tomato plants were investigated. For this purpose, NBS was applied (0%, 1% 3% and 5%) on two groups of plants (control 0 mM and salt stress 60 mM).

Protective effect of Panax ginseng extract on cisplatin-induced AKI via downregulating cell death associated genes.

This study is designed to assess the effect of root extract of P. ginseng on kidney tissue injury attributed to cisplatin and its molecular mechanism involved in this process in the AKI rat model. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 experimental groups including: the control group, the cisplatin group, the extract 100 mg/kg group, and the extract 200 mg/kg group.

Branched-chain amino acids and specific phosphatidylinositols are plasma metabolite pairs associated with menstrual pain severity.

Menstrual pain affects women's quality of life and productivity, yet objective molecular markers for its severity have not been established owing to the variability in blood levels and chemical properties of potential markers such as plasma steroid hormones, lipid mediators, and hydrophilic metabolites. To address this, we conducted a metabolomics study using five analytical methods to identify biomarkers that differentiate menstrual pain severity. This study included 20 women, divided into mild (N = 12) and severe (N = 8) pain groups based on their numerical pain rating scale.

Longitudinal omics data and preclinical treatment suggest the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib as therapy for ibrutinib-resistant CLL.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a malignant lymphoproliferative disorder for which primary or acquired drug resistance represents a major challenge. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we generate a mouse model of ibrutinib resistance, in which, after initial treatment response, relapse under therapy occurrs with an aggressive outgrowth of malignant cells, resembling observations in patients. A comparative analysis of exome, transcriptome and proteome of sorted leukemic murine cells during treatment and after relapse suggests alterations in the proteasome activity as a driver of ibrutinib resistance.

High-resolution fleezers reveal duplex opening and stepwise assembly by an oligomer of the DEAD-box helicase Ded1p.

DEAD-box RNA-dependent ATPases are ubiquitous in all domains of life where they bind and remodel RNA and RNA-protein complexes. DEAD-box ATPases with helicase activity unwind RNA duplexes by local opening of helical regions without directional movement through the duplexes and some of these enzymes, including Ded1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, oligomerize to effectively unwind RNA duplexes. Whether and how DEAD-box helicases coordinate oligomerization and unwinding is not known and it is unclear how many base pairs are actively opened.

[NTRK gene fusion and molecular pathological characteristics of mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer].

To investigate the expression pattern of pan-TRK protein in colorectal cancers with NTRK gene fusion and mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) and to analyze its molecular pathological characteristics. A total of 117 dMMR colorectal cancers diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China from 2020 to 2023 were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and DNA/RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to detect pan-TRK protein expression and fusion partner genes in tumors, and to further explore the correlation between pan-TRK staining patterns and partner genes.

[Application of PMS2 and MSH6 double-antibody detection in screening of mismatch repair deficient tumors].

To investigate whether the immunohistochemical results of two markers PMS2 and MSH6 (2-MMR) could replace the four markers MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 (4-MMR) to detect mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) cancers. A retrospective analysis was conducted with summary of immunohistochemical data from 7 867 cases of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, and other diseases in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China, from March 2018 to March 2023. The consistency of 2-MMR and 4-MMR results was examined.

A mouse model to assess immunotherapy-related colitis.

Combined blockade of the immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 has shown remarkable efficacy in patients with melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma, among other tumor types. However, a proportion of patients suffer from serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In severe cases, a reduction of the doses or the complete cessation of the treatment is required, limiting the antitumor efficacy of these treatments.

Identifying proteomic prognostic markers for Alzheimer's disease with survival machine learning: The Framingham Heart Study.

Background: Protein abundance levels, sensitive to both physiological changes and external interventions, are useful for assessing the Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk and treatment efficacy. However, identifying proteomic prognostic markers for AD is challenging by their high dimensionality and inherent correlations.

Methods: Our study analyzed 1128 plasma proteins, measured by the SOMAscan platform, from 858 participants 55 years and older (mean age 63 years, 52.

Nanolabels for biosensors based on lateral flow immunoassays.

The COVID-19 outbreak was an important turning point in the development of a new generation of biosensing technologies. The synergistic combination of an immunochromatographic test (lateral flow immunoassays, LFIA) and signal transducers provides enhanced sensitivity and the ability to quantify in the rapid tests. This is possible due to the variety of nanoparticles that can be used as reporter labels.

Spatiotemporal metabolic mapping of ex-situ preserved hearts subjected to dialysis by integration of bio-SPME sampling with non-targeted metabolipidomic profiling.

Background: Normothermic ex situ heart perfusion (ESHP) has emerged as a valid modality for advanced cardiac allograft preservation and conditioning prior to transplantation though myocardial function declines gradually during ESHP thus limiting its potential for expanding the donor pool. Recently, the utilization of dialysis has been shown to preserve myocardial and coronary vasomotor function. Herein, we sought to determine the changes in myocardial metabolism that could support this improvement.

Urine proteomics defines an immune checkpoint-associated nephritis signature.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is a cornerstone treatment for many cancers, but it can induce severe immunotoxicity, including acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). Currently, kidney biopsy is required to differentiate ICI-AIN from other causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, this invasive approach can lead to morbidity, delayed glucocorticoid treatment for patients with AIN, and unnecessarily prolonged suspension of ICI therapy in non-AIN patients.

The juxtamembrane sequence of small ankyrin 1 mediates the binding of its cytoplasmic domain to SERCA1 and is required for inhibitory activity.

Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase1 (SERCA1) is responsible for the clearance of cytosolic Ca in skeletal muscle. Due to its vital importance in regulating Ca homeostasis, the regulation of SERCA1 has been intensively studied. Small ankyrin 1 (sAnk1, Ank1.

Recombinant Antibodies Inhibit Enzymatic Activity of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase CHIP via Multiple Mechanisms.

Carboxyl-terminus of Hsp70-Interacting Protein (CHIP) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that marks misfolded substrates for degradation. Hyper-activation of CHIP has been implicated in multiple diseases, including cystic fibrosis and cancer, suggesting that it may be a potential drug target. However, there are few tools available for exploring this possibility.

Cytoplasmic mRNA decay controlling inflammatory gene expression is determined by pre-mRNA fate decision.

The fidelity of immune responses depends on timely controlled and selective mRNA degradation that is largely driven by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). It remains unclear whether stochastic or directed processes govern the selection of an individual mRNA molecule for degradation. Using human and mouse cells, we show that tristetraprolin (TTP, also known as ZFP36), an essential anti-inflammatory RBP, destabilizes target mRNAs via a hierarchical molecular assembly.

Ligand interaction landscape of transcription factors and essential enzymes in E. coli.

Knowledge of protein-metabolite interactions can enhance mechanistic understanding and chemical probing of biochemical processes, but the discovery of endogenous ligands remains challenging. Here, we combined rapid affinity purification with precision mass spectrometry and high-resolution molecular docking to precisely map the physical associations of 296 chemically diverse small-molecule metabolite ligands with 69 distinct essential enzymes and 45 transcription factors in the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. We then conducted systematic metabolic pathway integration, pan-microbial evolutionary projections, and independent in-depth biophysical characterization experiments to define the functional significance of ligand interfaces.

Specific Rosetta-based protein-peptide prediction protocol allows the design of novel cholinesterase inhibitor peptides.

The search for novel cholinesterase inhibitors is essential for advancing treatments for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we employed the Rosetta pepspec module, originally developed for designing peptides targeting protein-protein interactions, to design de novo peptides targeting the peripheral aromatic site (PAS) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). A total of nine peptides were designed for human AChE (hAChE), T.