Short-term airborne ultrasound induced cell death in tobacco cells and changed their wall components.

The effects of low-intensity ultrasound on plants such as piezoelectric and ultrasonic water baths, on plants have been extensively studied. However, the specific effect of airborne ultrasound on plant cells has yet to be reported. The present study was conducted to elucidate the physiological responses of plant cells to airborne US.

A Natural Autophagy Activator Castanea crenata Flower Alleviates Skeletal Muscle Ageing.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by a gradual decline in skeletal muscle mass and function with age, significantly impacts both quality of life and mortality. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle health. There is growing interest in leveraging autophagy to mitigate muscle ageing effects.

Investigation of compounds as ERK5 inhibitor related to breast cancer via molecular docking and dynamic simulation.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer remains a global health challenge, with rising cases predicted in the coming decades. The complexity of breast cancer treatment arises from its complex nature, often involving multiple therapeutic strategies. One promising approach is targeting the ERK5 pathway, a key regulator in cancer cell proliferation and survival.

MoCloro: an extension of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii modular cloning toolkit for microalgal chloroplast engineering.

Photosynthetic microalgae are promising green cell factories for the sustainable production of high-value chemicals and biopharmaceuticals. The chloroplast organelle is being developed as a chassis for synthetic biology as it contains its own genome (the plastome) and some interesting advantages, such as high recombinant protein titers and a diverse and dynamic metabolism. However, chloroplast engineering is currently hampered by the lack of standardized cloning tools and Design-Build-Test-Learn workflows to ease genomic and metabolic engineering.

Integrated in silico and in vitro exploration of the anti-VEGFR-2 activities of a semisynthetic xanthine alkaloid inhibiting breast cancer.

This study presents T-1-NBAB, a new compound derived from the natural xanthine alkaloid theobromine, aimed at inhibiting VEGFR-2, a crucial protein in angiogenesis. T-1-NBAB's potential to interacts with and inhibit the VEGFR-2 was indicated using in silico techniques like molecular docking, MD simulations, MM-GBSA, PLIP, essential dynamics, and bi-dimensional projection experiments. DFT experiments was utilized also to study the structural and electrostatic properties of T-1-NBAB.

sp. nov., isolated from tree bark ( Chev.) and its antioxidant activity.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped strain, designated SPB1-3, was isolated from tree bark. This strain exhibited heterofermentative production of dl-lactic acid from glucose. Optimal growth was observed at 25-40 °C, pH 4.

Nitro-fatty acids modulate germination onset through S-nitrosothiol metabolism.

-Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) have emerged as key components of nitric oxide (NO) signalling in eukaryotes. We previously described how nitro-linolenic acid (NO2-Ln), the major NO2-FA detected in plants, regulates S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) levels in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain undefined.

Brassinosteroids Render Cell Walls Softer but Less Extensible in Growing Arabidopsis Hypocotyls.

Cell wall extensibility is a key biophysical characteristic that defines the rate of plant cell growth. It depends on the wall structure and is controlled by numerous proteins that cut and/or (re)form links between the wall constituents. Cell wall extensibility is currently estimated by different in vitro biomechanical tests.

The Role of Heat Shock Protein (Hsp) Chaperones in Environmental Stress Adaptation and Virulence of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria.

Plant pathogenic bacteria are responsible for a substantial number of plant diseases worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses. Bacteria are exposed to numerous stress factors during their epiphytic life and within the host. Their ability to survive in the host and cause symptomatic infections depends on their capacity to overcome stressors.

Biodegradation of Phenol at High Initial Concentration by 3D Strain: Biochemical and Genetic Aspects.

Phenolic compounds are an extensive group of natural and anthropogenic organic substances of the aromatic series containing one or more hydroxyl groups. The main sources of phenols entering the environment are waste from metallurgy and coke plants, enterprises of the leather, furniture, and pulp and paper industries, as well as wastewater from the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins, adhesives, plastics, and pesticides. Among this group of compounds, phenol is the most common environmental pollutant.

Molybdenum Can Regulate the Expression of Molybdase Genes, Affect Molybdase Activity and Metabolites, and Promote the Cell Wall Bio-Synthesis of Tobacco Leaves.

Molybdenum (Mo) is widely used as a micronutrient fertilizer to improve plant growth and soil quality. However, the interactions between cell wall biosynthesis and molybdenum have not been explored sufficiently. This study thoroughly investigated the regulatory effects of different concentrations of Mo on tobacco cell wall biosynthesis from physiological and metabolomic aspects.

Chemical composition, and activity of the methanolic extract derived from against clinically relevant bacteria.

This study aimed to identify chemical compounds derived from Vassobia breviflora methanolic extract using ESI-ToF-MS and their antioxidant potential activity utilizing the following methods: total phenols, DPPH, and ABTS. The MTT assay measured cytotoxic activity, while DCFH-DA and nitric oxide assays were employed to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) levels using African green monkey kidney (VERO) and human keratinocyte (HaCat) cell lines. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were assessed in seven clinical isolates and nine ATCC strains.

Biotransformation of Ganoderma lucidum and Hericium erinaceus for ex vivo gut-brain axis modulation and mood-related outcomes in humans: CREB/BDNF signaling and microbiota-driven synergies.

Background: The human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various aspects of health, extending beyond digestion and nutrient absorption. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) and Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane), traditional medicinal mushrooms, have garnered interest due to their potential to exert positive health effects. The aim of our study was to investigate the molecular impact of Reishi and Lion's Mane on mood regulation through the gut-brain axis.

Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-only genes contribute to immune responses in maize.

Proteins with Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains are widely distributed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, serving as essential components of immune signaling. Although monocots lack the major TIR-nucleotide-binding (NB)-leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-type (TNL) immune receptors, they possess a small number of TIR-only proteins, the function of which remains largely unknown. In the monocot maize (Zea mays), there are three conserved TIR-only genes in the reference genome, namely ZmTIR1 to ZmTIR3.

Metal-organic frameworks as anchors for giant unilamellar vesicle immobilization.

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are ideal for studying cellular mechanisms due to their cell-mimicking morphology and size. The formation, stability, and immobilization of these vesicles are crucial for drug delivery and bioimaging studies. Separately, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are actively researched owing to their unique and varied properties, yet little is known about the interaction between MOFs and phospholipids.

XopAE Effector from pv. Targets HSP20-Like p23 Cochaperone to Suppress Plant Basal Immunity.

Pathogenic bacteria use Type 3 effector proteins to manipulate host defenses and alter metabolism to favor their survival and spread. The non-model bacterial pathogen pv. () causes devastating disease in cassava.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1697-1780.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , from accumulated snow sediment sample. , on leaf spots of . , on submerged decaying wood in sea water, on , as endophyte from healthy leaves of .

Synthetic β-d-Glucuronides: Substrates for Exploring Glucuronide Degradation by Human Gut Bacteria.

The human gut microbiota (HGM) is a complex ecosystem subtly dependent on the interplay between hundreds of bacterial species and numerous metabolites. Dietary phenols, whether ingested (e.g.

Recent progress in CRISPR-Cas-system for neurological disorders.

Different neurological diseases including, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases extant momentous global disease burdens, affecting millions of lives for imposing a heavy disease burden on the healthcare systems. Despite various treatment strategies aimed at alleviating symptoms, treatments remain elusive and ineffective due to the disease's complexity. However, recent advancements in gene therapy via the CRISPR-Cas system offer ground-breaking and targeted treatment options.

A comparative study of human amniotic membrane, tilapia skin collagen, and Centella asiatica derived gel to treat burn wound in rat model.

In the quest for an ideal wound healing material, human amniotic membrane (AM), tilapia skin collagen (TSC), and Centella asiatica (CA) have been studied separately for their healing potential. In this study, we formulated AM, TSC, and CA gel and studied their competency and wound healing efficacy in vivo. Gel was formulated using AM, TSC, CA, Carbopol 934, acrylic acid, glycerine, and triethanolamine and physicochemical properties e.

Metabolomic Analysis and Computational Biology Reveal the Potential Metabolic Pathways for Improvement of Fucoxanthin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Biosynthesis in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

This work aims to provide a basis for the enhancement of fucoxanthin (FCX) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) biosynthesis in the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum using metabolomics and computational biology. To achieve this, both targeted (UHPLC and GC-FID) and untargeted (FTIR and NMR) analyses were conducted throughout various stages of cell cultivation. Targeted analyses revealed that EPA concentrations peaked at the end of the logarithmic growth phase, while fucoxanthin levels remained consistent from the onset of this phase through to the stationary phase.

Specific sets of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases and phytoene synthases control the production of carotenoids and ABA in different tomato tissues.

Plant carotenoids are plastid-synthesized isoprenoids with roles as photoprotectants, pigments, and precursors of bioactive molecules such as the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The first step of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is the production of phytoene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), catalyzed by phytoene synthase (PSY). GGPP produced by plastidial GGPP synthases (GGPPS) is channeled to the carotenoid pathway by direct interaction of GGPPS and PSY enzymes.

Single cell derived multicellular meristem: insights into male-to-hermaphrodite conversion and de novo meristem formation in ceratopteris.

Land plants alternate between asexual sporophytes and sexual gametophytes. Unlike seed plants, ferns develop free-living gametophytes. Gametophytes of the model fern Ceratopteris exhibit two sex types: hermaphrodites with pluripotent meristems and males lacking meristems.

Antibacterial Activity of Crude , , and Methanolic Extracts on serovar Manilae.

Background And Objective: Leptospirosis is a disease caused by pathogenic prevalent in tropical countries like the Philippines. Some studies have shown that the role of currently used antibiotics for leptospirosis is unclear since trials have found no significant benefit to patient outcomes compared to placebo. This signals the need for alternative therapies, such as herbal medicines, which may provide effective therapeutic regimens in treating this infection.