COP1 mediates light-dependent regulation of flavonol biosynthesis through HY5 in Arabidopsis.

Flavonols, a class of flavonoids, accumulate as protective agents in response to various stresses. Among various environmental stimuli, light is one of the factors regulating flavonol production. MYB12/11/111, members of the R2R3 MYBs family, regulates spatio-temporal flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis.

Primary transcript of miR858 encodes regulatory peptide and controls flavonoid biosynthesis and development in Arabidopsis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are processed products of primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) and regulate the target gene expression. Though the regulatory roles of the several mature plant miRNAs have been studied in detail, the functions of other regions of the pri-miRNAs are still unrecognized. Recent studies suggest that a few pri-miRNAs may encode small peptides, miRNA-encoded peptides (miPEPs); however, the functions of these peptides have not been studied in detail.

Light-regulated expression of terpene synthase gene, AtTPS03, is controlled by the bZIP transcription factor, HY5, in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The terpenoid pathway serves as an essential source of all isoprenoid precursors and metabolites that are of great pharmacological importance. The major enzymes for the synthesis of these diverse molecules is the terpene synthases (TPSs), which catalyse the final step of the synthesis of the important secondary products, the terpenes. Previous studies have reported that the various environmental factors, including light govern the synthesis of terpenoids.

Comparing the growth-promoting potential of Paenibacillus lentimorbus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in Oryza sativa L. var. Sarju-52 under suboptimal nutrient conditions.

An adequate supply of mineral nutrients is crucial to obtain optimum productivity in agriculture. The present investigation was carried to find the inoculation effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), i.e.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens inoculation alters physiology of rice (Oryza sativa L. var. IR-36) through modulating carbohydrate metabolism to mitigate stress induced by nutrient starvation.

To avoid disproportionate usage of chemicals in agriculture, an alternative eco-friendly strategy is required to improve soil fertility, and enhance crop productivity. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the role of plant beneficial rhizobacteria viz., Paenibacillus lentimorbus B-30488 (B-30488), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SN13 (SN13), and their consortium in rice (Oryza sativa L.

Genome-wide identification and interactome analysis of members of two-component system in Banana.

Background: Ethylene signal transduction in plants is conducted by the two-component system (TCS) which consists of histidine kinase (HK), histidine phosphotransferase (HPT) and response regulators (RRs). This system plays an important role in signal transduction during various cellular processes, including fruit ripening and response to multiple environmental cues. Though members of TCS have been identified in a few plants, no detailed analysis has been carried out in banana.

3'O-Methyltransferase, Ps3'OMT, from opium poppy: involvement in papaverine biosynthesis.

Using, in silico, in vitro and in planta functional assays, we demonstrate that Ps3'OMT, an 3'-O methyl transferase is linked to papaverine biosynthesis in opium poppy. Papaverine, one of the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) synthesized in the medicinally important plant, Papaver somniferum, is known for the potent pharmacological properties. Papaverine biosynthesis has remained debatable as two different pathways, NH (involving N-desmethylated intermediates) and the NCH (involving N-methylated intermediates), have been proposed.

A multifaceted rhizobacterium Paenibacillus lentimorbus alleviates nutrient deficiency-induced stress in Cicer arietinum L.

Nutrient deficiency in soil is one of the limiting factors responsible for stunted growth and poor flowering/fruiting of crops which result in decline in overall agricultural productivity. However, one important strategy to overcome the problem of nutrient deficiency and to avoid use of chemical fertilizers is the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Paenibacillus lentimorbus NRRL B-30488 (hereafter B-30488), an efficient PGPR has been reported to have various plant growth promoting traits that help crops to mitigate various environmental stresses.

Arsenic-responsive high-affinity rice sulphate transporter, OsSultr1;1, provides abiotic stress tolerance under limiting sulphur condition.

In this study, the role of a rice high-affinity sulphate transporter, OsSultr1;1, in maintaining sulphur demand under arsenic (As) stress has been investigated. Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant, YSD1, deficient in sulphur transport and Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing OsSultr1;1, were used to analyze different parameters. Complementation of YSD1 using OsSultr1;1 showed tolerance towards heavy metals.

Elimination of from infected cormels of three cultivars of gladiolus using thermo-, electro- and chemotherapy.

(BYMV) is a prevalent virus and major threat to gladiolus cultivation the world over. In the gladiolus repository at CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow, several plants (82-88%) of three economically important cultivars were found infected by BYMV showing severe mosaic and stripe symptoms. Affected plants exhibit diminished quality and quantity of florets and corms, thus reducing their value.

Tree growth rate regulate the influence of elevated CO on soil biochemical responses under tropical condition.

Tree growth rate can complicate our understandings of plant belowground responses to elevated CO (eCO) in tropical ecosystems. We studied the effects of eCO on plant growth parameters, and rhizospheric soil properties including soil organic carbon (SOC), glomalin related soil protein (GRSP), microbial biomass C (C), CO efflux (C), and microbial extracellular enzyme activities under two tropical tree saplings of fast-growing Tectona grandis (Teak) and slow-growing Butea monosperma (Butea). We exposed these saplings to eCO (∼550 ppm) and ambient CO (aCO; ∼395 ppm) in the Indo-Gangetic plain region, and further (after 10 and 46 months) measured the changes in their rhizospheric soil properties.

Low Temperature-Enhanced Flavonol Synthesis Requires Light-Associated Regulatory Components in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Plants are continuously exposed to a myriad of stresses, which lead to the formation of secondary metabolites including flavonoids. Studies suggest that low temperature exposure leads to enhanced flavonoid accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, flavonoid biosynthesis is regulated by light through various regulatory factors.

Distribution of soil organic carbon and glomalin related soil protein in reclaimed coal mine-land chronosequence under tropical condition.

The revegetation on mine spoiled lands has potential to improve the status of reclaimed mine-soil quality. However, to date the temporal dynamics of labile and stable fractions of soil organic carbon (SOC) and glomalin related soil protein (GRSP) have not been satisfactorily demonstrated. We investigated SOC and GRSP fractions including labile particulate OC (POC) and easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) and stable non-particulate OC (NPOC) and difficulty extractable GRSP (DE-GRSP) along with other important soil properties in six reclaimed mine lands chronosequence (1 to 26 years old) and a reference forest site in Raniganj Coalfield, India.

Differential transcriptome modulation leads to variation in arsenic stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana accessions.

Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous metalloid and a health hazard to millions of people worldwide. The presence of As in groundwater poses a threat as it not only affects crop productivity but also contaminates food chain. Therefore, it is essential to understand molecular mechanisms underlying uptake, transport and accumulation of As in plants.

Impact of Ethylene diurea (EDU) on growth, yield and proteome of two winter wheat varieties under high ambient ozone phytotoxicity.

The present study evaluated the impact of high ambient O on morphological, physiological and biochemical traits and leaf proteome in two high-yielding varieties of wheat using ethylene diurea (EDU) as foliar spray (200 and 300 ppm). Average ambient ozone concentration was 60 ppb which was more than sufficient to cause phytotoxic effects. EDU treatment resulted in less lipid peroxidation along with increased chlorophyll content, biomass and yield.

Sequence analysis of six full-length bean yellow mosaic virus genomes reveals phylogenetic diversity in India strains, suggesting subdivision of phylogenetic group-IV.

We report the complete genome sequence of five bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) isolates (CK-GL1, CK-GL3, CK-GL4, CK-GL5 and Vfaba2) that share 74.6-98.9% (nucleotide) and 81.

Expression of the SIN3 homologue from banana, MaSIN3, suppresses ABA responses globally during plant growth in Arabidopsis.

The SIN3 family of co-repressors is a family of highly conserved eukaryotic repressor proteins that regulates diverse functions in yeasts and animals but remains largely uncharacterized functionally even in plants like Arabidopsis. The sole SIN3 homologue in banana, MaSIN3, was identified as a 1408 amino acids, nuclear localized protein conserved to other SIN3s in the PAH, HID and HCR domains. Interestingly, MaSIN3 over-expression in Arabidopsis mimics a state of reduced ABA responses throughout plant development affecting growth processes such as germination, root growth, stomatal closure and water loss, flowering and senescence.

Transcriptome and metabolite analyses in Azadirachta indica: identification of genes involved in biosynthesis of bioactive triterpenoids.

Azadirachta indica A. Juss, commonly known as Neem, is the reservoir of triterpenoids of economic importance. Metabolite analysis of different developmental stages of leaf and fruit suggests tissue-specific accumulation of the major triterpenoids in this important tree.

Differential sulphur assimilation mechanism regulates response of Arabidopsis thaliana natural variation towards arsenic stress under limiting sulphur condition.

Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous element, which imposes threat to crops productivity and human health through contaminated food chain. As a part of detoxification mechanism, As is chelated and sequestered into the vacuoles via sulphur containing compounds glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs). Under limiting sulphur (LS) conditions, exposure of As leads to enhanced toxic effects in plants.

Contribution of glomalin to dissolve organic carbon under different land uses and seasonality in dry tropics.

Glomalin related soil protein (GRSP) is a hydrophobic glycoprotein that is significant for soil organic carbon (SOC) persistence and sequestration, owing to its large contribution to SOC pool and long turnover time. However, the contribution of GRSP to dissolve OC (DOC) leach from soil is not yet comprehensively explored, though it could have implication in understanding SOC dynamics. We, therefore, aim to measure the contribution of GRSP to DOC, in a range of land uses and climatic seasons in the dry tropical ecosystem.

Genome-wide Expression Analysis and Metabolite Profiling Elucidate Transcriptional Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Modulation under Abiotic Stresses in Banana.

Flavonoid biosynthesis is largely regulated at the transcriptional level due to the modulated expression of genes related to the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants. Although accumulation of different flavonoids has been reported in banana, a staple fruit crop, no detailed information is available on regulation of the biosynthesis in this important plant. We carried out genome-wide analysis of banana (Musa acuminata, AAA genome) and identified 28 genes belonging to 9 gene families associated with flavonoid biosynthesis.

Paenibacillus lentimorbus Inoculation Enhances Tobacco Growth and Extenuates the Virulence of Cucumber mosaic virus.

Previous studies with Paenibacillus lentimorbus B-30488" (hereafter referred as B-30488), a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from cow's milk, revealed its capabilities to improve plant quality under normal and stress conditions. Present study investigates its potential as a biocontrol agent against an economically important virus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), in Nicotiana tabacum cv. White Burley plants and delineates the physical, biophysical, biochemical and molecular perturbations due to the trilateral interactions of PGPR-host-CMV.

Genetically engineered flavonol enriched tomato fruit modulates chondrogenesis to increase bone length in growing animals.

Externally visible body and longitudinal bone growth is a result of proliferation of chondrocytes. In growth disorder, there is delay in the age associated increase in height. The present study evaluates the effect of extract from transgenic tomato fruit expressing AtMYB12 transcription factor on bone health including longitudinal growth.

Genome-wide analysis of the AP2/ERF family in Musa species reveals divergence and neofunctionalisation during evolution.

AP2/ERF domain containing transcription factor super family is one of the important regulators in the plant kingdom. The involvement of AP2/ERF family members has been elucidated in various processes associated with plant growth, development as well as in response to hormones, biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we carried out genome-wide analysis to identify members of AP2/ERF family in Musa acuminata (A genome) and Musa balbisiana (B genome) and changes leading to neofunctionalisation of genes.