[How to: correctly read scientific articles : Research design and methodology].

Criteria for assessment of the significance of scientific articles are presented. The focus is on research design and methodology, illustrated by the classical study on prehospital volume treatment of severely injured individuals with penetrating torso injuries by Bickell et al. (1994).

Ecto-NOX Disulfide-Thiol Exchanger 2 (ENOX2/tNOX) Is a Potential Prognostic Marker in Primary Malignant Melanoma and May Serve as a Therapeutic Target.

With an increasing incidence of malignant melanoma, new prognostic biomarkers for clinical decision making have become more important. In this study, we evaluated the role of ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 2 (ENOX2/tNOX), a cancer- and growth-associated protein, in the prognosis and therapy of primary malignant melanoma. We conducted a tissue microarray analysis of immunohistochemical ENOX2 protein expression and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA expression analysis, as well as viability assays and Western blots of melanoma cell lines treated with the ENOX2 inhibitor phenoxodiol (PXD) and BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) vemurafenib.

[Update atrial fibrillation in older adults].

Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent cardiac arrhythmia in old age. As a result of the positive data on ablation, the focus has shifted to rhythm control. Older adults can also benefit from catheter ablation.

[Primary care medicine in Germany at the crossroads].

In addition to the existing social law options for primary care under medical responsibility for those with statutory health insurance, there are several projects to supplement the service structures: healthcare kiosks, primary care centers and community health nursing as well as general practitioner outpatient clinics in hospitals. These new projects amount to an institutionalization of services that were previously based at outpatient offices and partially to the transfer of medical services that were previously the responsibility of doctors to the responsibility of non-physician healthcare professionals, with additional financial outlay but without creating new care capacities. The constructs considered do not appear to be suitable for making a relevant contribution to compensating for the gap in doctors specialized in general or internal medicine and in other medical professionals in a demographically induced capacity phasing out process that is forecast to last until around 2036.

Tensionless Limit of Pure-Ramond-Ramond Strings and AdS_{3}/CFT_{2}.

Despite impressive advances in the AdS_{3}/CFT_{2} correspondence, the setup involving Ramond-Ramond backgrounds, which is related to the D1-D5 system of branes, remained relatively poorly understood. We use the mirror thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) equations recently constructed by Frolov and Sfondrini to study the spectrum of pure Ramond-Ramond AdS_{3}×S^{3}×T^{4} strings. We find that the leading-order contribution to the anomalous dimensions at small tension is due to the gapless world-sheet excitations, i.

[Consensus recommendations on regional interdisciplinary standardization of MRI diagnostics for multiple sclerosis in the metropolitan area of Essen].

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of exceptional importance in the diagnostics and monitoring of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, a close interdisciplinary cooperation between neurologists in private practice, (neuro)radiological practices, hospitals or specialized MS centers is only rarely established. In particular, there is a lack of standardized MRI protocols for image acquisition as well as established quality parameters, which guarantee the comparability of MRI records; however, this is a fundamental prerequisite for an effective application of MRI in the treatment of MS patients, e.g.

[Is this (already) hate speech?-A qualitative study on the understanding of hate speech among educational school staff].

Hate speech is a social phenomenon that also affects the school environment. However, what school staff understands by hate speech is unclear, and therefore, the objective of the present interview study with teachers ( = 18) and social pedagogues ( = 16). The results showed that hate speech is understood as the degradation of structurally oppressed groups (e.

[On the understanding of health in the workplace-An outline of problems].

Working conditions that maintain and promote health and the ability to work are an essential element in the prevention of work-related illnesses and a decisive factor in ensuring participation in working life. The COVID-19 pandemic and its far-reaching consequences, accelerated climate change and digitalization are huge challenges for health and health protection in the world of work as well. They require a deeper reflection of the professional understanding and the conceptual framework that underlie the term health, beyond current considerations.

Personalized neurorehabilitative precision medicine: from data to therapies (MWKNeuroReha) - a multi-centre prospective observational clinical trial to predict long-term outcome of patients with acute motor stroke.

Background: Stroke is one of the most frequent diseases, and half of the stroke survivors are left with permanent impairment. Prediction of individual outcome is still difficult. Many but not all patients with stroke improve by approximately 1.

Detection and differentiation of active and inactive isoforms of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X in prothrombin complex concentrate by mass spectrometry.

Purpose: Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) are plasma products containing a mixture of four inactive/proactive coagulation factors. The activated forms of human coagulation factors, like Thrombin (FIIa), Convertin (FVIIa), activated Christmas factor (FIXa) and the activated Stuart-Prower factor (FXa), are impurities in PCCs. Until now no valid assay exists to differentiate the non activated proform (inactive) from active coagulation factor isoforms in PCCs in one measurement.

Optimized Synthesis of Solution-Processable Crystalline Poly(Triazine Imide) with Minimized Defects for OLED Application.

Poly(triazine imide) (PTI) is a highly crystalline semiconductor, and though no techniques exist that enable synthesis of macroscopic monolayers of PTI, it is possible to study it in thin layer device applications that are compatible with its polycrystalline, nanoscale morphology. We find that the by-product of conventional PTI synthesis is a C-C carbon-rich phase that is detrimental for charge transport and photoluminescence. An optimized synthetic protocol yields a PTI material with an increased quantum yield, enabled photocurrent and electroluminescence.

Evaluation of coercive measures in different psychiatric hospitals: the impact of institutional characteristics.

Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated considerable differences in the use of coercive measures among psychiatric hospitals; however, the underlying reasons for these differences are largely unclear. We investigated to what extent these differences could be explained by institutional factors.

Methods: Four psychiatric hospitals with identical responsibilities within the mental health care system, but with different inpatient care organizations, participated in this prospective observational study.

Reliable and valid robot-assisted assessments of hand proprioceptive, motor and sensorimotor impairments after stroke.

Background: Neurological injuries such as stroke often differentially impair hand motor and somatosensory function, as well as the interplay between the two, which leads to limitations in performing activities of daily living. However, it is challenging to identify which specific aspects of sensorimotor function are impaired based on conventional clinical assessments that are often insensitive and subjective. In this work we propose and validate a set of robot-assisted assessments aiming at disentangling hand proprioceptive from motor impairments, and capturing their interrelation (sensorimotor impairments).

[Implementation of a smartphone-based first-responder alerting system].

Background: Shortening the resuscitation-free interval in cardiac arrest increases the survival rate. Smartphone-based systems can locate and alert nearby rescuers.

Objectives: Implementation of a first responder system, technical development and adaption to regional structures.

Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of an intensified robot-assisted therapy in subacute stroke: a case control study.

Background: Physical training is able to induce changes at neurophysiological and behavioral level associated with performance changes for the trained movements. The current study explores the effects of an additional intense robot-assisted upper extremity training on functional outcome and motor excitability in subacute stroke patients.

Methods: Thirty moderately to severely affected patients < 3 months after stroke received a conventional inpatient rehabilitation.

Effects of a single mental chronometry training session in subacute stroke patients - a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Motor imagery training might be helpful in stroke rehabilitation. This study explored if a single session of motor imagery (MI) training induces performance changes in mental chronometry (MC), motor execution, or changes of motor excitability.

Methods: Subacute stroke patients ( = 33) participated in two training sessions.

[Recommendations for emergency management of patients with permanent mechanical circulatory support : Consensus statement of DGTHG, DIVI, DGIIN, DGAI, DGINA, DGfK and DGK].

The prevalence of patients living with long-term mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is rapidly increasing due to improved technology, improved survival, reduced adverse event profiles, greater reliability and mechanical durability, and limited numbers of organs available for donation. Patients with long-term MCS are very likely to require emergency medical support due to MCS-associated complications (e.g.

[Recommendations for emergency management of patients with permanent mechanical circulatory support : Consensus statement of DGTHG, DIVI, DGIIN, DGAI, DGINA, DGfK and DGK].

The prevalence of patients living with long-term mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is rapidly increasing due to improved technology, improved survival, reduced adverse event profiles, greater reliability and mechanical durability, and limited numbers of organs available for donation. Patients with long-term MCS are very likely to require emergency medical support due to MCS-associated complications (e.g.

[Do the new molecular assays-microarray and realtime polymerase chain reaction-for dermatophyte detection keep what they promise?].

In this study, a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay (DermaGenius®2.0, PathoNostics BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands) and a recently developed microarray test (EUROArray Dermatomycosis, Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany) were evaluated regarding their diagnostic specificity to identify dermatophyte DNA. The tests were compared to conventional methods and sequencing.