Advances on the Role of Lung Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Era of Single-Cell Genomics.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory disorder characterized by persistent airflow limitation. The diverse pathogenic mechanisms underlying COPD progression remain incompletely understood. Macrophages, serving as the most representative immune cells in the respiratory tract, constitute the first line of innate immune defense and maintain pulmonary immunological homeostasis.

Developing a Bacillus licheniformis platform for de novo production of γ-aminobutyric acid and other glutamate-derived chemicals.

Microbial cell factories (MCFs) have emerged as a sustainable tool for the production of value-added biochemicals. However, developing high-performance MCFs remains a major challenge to fulfill the burgeoning demands of global markets. This study aimed to establish the B.

Relationship Between A Body Shape Index and Self-Reported Stress Urinary Incontinence Among US Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is common among women, but its link with A Body Shape Index (ABSI) is not well understood. This study investigates the association between ABSI and SUI risk in women, exploring variations across different subgroups.

Methods: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2020) were analyzed.

CACs Recognition of FISH Images Based on Adaptive Mean Teacher Semi-supervised Learning with Domain-Knowledge Pseudo Label.

Circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) serve as crucial biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis. Detecting CACs holds great value for early diagnosis and screening of lung cancer. To aid the identification of CACs, we have incorporated deep learning algorithms into our CACs detection system, specifically developing algorithms for cell segmentation and signal point detection.

Epithelial mitochondrial fission-mediated PANoptosis is crucial for ulcerative colitis and its inhibition by saquinavir through Drp1.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by increased cell death in intestinal epithelial cell (IEC), which compromises gut barrier function and activates inflammation. Aberrant mitochondrial dynamics have been implicated in various forms of cell death, but it is currently unclear if they play a role in IEC death and colitis pathogenesis. This study aims to investigate the contribution of aberrant mitochondrial dynamics to colitis progression using cellular models, animal models, and clinical samples.

Navigating specific targets of breast cancer symptoms: An innovative computer-simulated intervention analysis.

Purpose: To pinpoint optimal interventions by dissecting the complex symptom interactions, encompassing both their static and temporal dimensions.

Methods: The study incorporated a cross-sectional survey utilizing the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory. Participants with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy were recruited from the "Be Resilient to Breast Cancer" from April 2023 to June 2024.

Multifunctional nanocomposites utilizing ruthenium (II) complex/manganese (IV) dioxide nanoparticle for synergistic reinforcing radioimmunotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) stands as a frontline treatment modality in clinical breast oncology, yet challenges like ROS reduction, high toxicity, non-selectivity, and hypoxia hinder efficacy. Additionally, RT administered at different doses can induce varying degrees of radioimmunotherapy. High doses of radiation (>10 Gy) may result in immune suppression, while moderate doses (4-10 Gy), although capable of mitigating the immune suppression caused by high-dose radiation, are often insufficient in effectively killing tumor cells.

A Multifunctional Low-Temperature Photothermal Nanomedicine for Melanoma Treatment via the Oxidative Stress Pathway Therapy.

Purpose: Melanoma is a highly aggressive and dangerous malignant skin tumor and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic approaches against melanoma. The main objective of this study was to construct a multifunctional nanomedicine (GNR@PEG-Qu) to investigate its therapeutic effect on melanoma from the oxidative stress pathway.

Methods: First, the nanomedicine GNR@PEG-Qu was synthesized and characterized, and its photothermal and antioxidant properties were confirmed.

Affinity molecular assay for detecting Candida albicans using chitin affinity and RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Here we develop a rapid molecular diagnostic method that involves three steps: fungal enrichment using affinity-magnetic separation (AMS), genomic DNA extraction with silicon hydroxyl magnetic beads, and detection through a one-pot system.

Modified Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection-An Alternative Modality for the Treatment of Sporadic Duodenal Papillary Adenomas.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is commonly employed in the treatment of epithelial gastrointestinal tumors, but few studies have explored ESD for treatment of duodenal papillary adenomas (PAs). In this study, we aim to evaluate the feasibility of a modified ESD method as an alternative modality in the resection of PAs. We evaluated potential advantages of modified ESD for resection of sporadic duodenal PAs through retrospective analysis of 10 PAs resected via ESD compared to paired lesions undergoing endoscopic papillectomy (EP).

Developing a streamlined risk-adjusted cesarean section rate model for evaluation of obstetrical quality across hospitals by using EHRs: A provincial-scale multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: This study aims to explore a streamlined risk-adjusted cesarean section rate (RCSR) model and to compare its practical application effects with the traditional RCSR models.

Methods: Utilizing obstetric electronic health record (EHR) data from provincial multicenter hospitals, this study establishes a streamlined RCSR model alongside the traditional RCSR model and evaluates the efficacy of both models. Subsequently, the RCSRs of 56 hospitals within the province are calculated and ranked using both models.

Novel combination therapy using recombinant oncolytic adenovirus silk hydrogel and PD-L1 inhibitor for bladder cancer treatment.

Recombinant oncolytic adenovirus offers a novel and promising cancer treatment approach, but its standalone efficacy remains limited. This study investigates a combination treatment strategy by co-administering recombinant oncolytic Adv-loaded silk hydrogel with a PD-L1 inhibitor for patients with bladder cancer to enhance treatment outcomes. Bladder cancer tissues from mice were collected and subjected to single-cell sequencing, identifying CRB3 as a key gene in malignant cells.

Plasma niacin is inversely associated with hyperlipidemia in participants with diabetes among Chinese adults.

Evidence is limited regarding the association of plasma niacin with the risk of hyperlipidemia in participants with diabetes. We aimed to determine the relationship between plasma niacinamide/nicotinic acid and hyperlipidemia in participants with/without diabetes. Plasma niacinamide/nicotinic acid concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy.

Association of socioeconomic status and life's essential 8 with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in north China: Kailuan study.

Background: We aimed to explore the association of socioeconomic status (SES) and life's essential 8 (LE8) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in north China.

Methods: A total of 91,365 adults from the Kailuan study were included in this study. Comprehensive individual SES, mainly including monthly household income, education, Occupation position, and community environment, was confirmed by latent class analysis.

Chatbot-Led Support Combined With Counselor-Led Support on Smoking Cessation in China: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: China has a large population of smokers, with half of them dependent on tobacco and in need of cessation assistance, indicating the need for mobile health (mHealth) to provide cessation support.

Objective: The study aims to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of combining chatbot-led support with counselor-led support for smoking cessation among community smokers in China.

Methods: This is a 2-arm, parallel, assessor-blinded, pilot randomized controlled trial nested in a smoke-free campus campaign in Zhuhai, China.

AI-powered omics-based drug pair discovery for pyroptosis therapy targeting triple-negative breast cancer.

Due to low success rates and long cycles of traditional drug development, the clinical tendency is to apply omics techniques to reveal patient-level disease characteristics and individualized responses to treatment. However, the heterogeneous form of data and uneven distribution of targets make drug discovery and precision medicine a non-trivial task. This study takes pyroptosis therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) as a paradigm and uses data mining of a large TNBC cohort and drug databases to establish a biofactor-regulated neural network for rapidly screening and optimizing compound pyroptosis drug pairs.

Oxygen-carrying semiconducting polymer nanoprodrugs induce sono-pyroptosis for deep-tissue tumor treatment.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been explored for cancer therapy, especially for deep tumors due to its low tissue penetration restriction. The therapeutic efficacy of SDT is limited due to the complicated tumor microenvironment. This study reports the construction of oxygen-carrying semiconducting polymer nanoprodrugs (OSPN) for deep tumor treatment via combining amplified SDT with pyroptosis.

Transesophageal echocardiography: Revolutionizing perioperative cardiac care.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major challenge in global health. Despite significant advances in treatment and management, the incidence and mortality rates of CVDs have been rising in recent years, particularly in the United States. With continuous advancements in medical technology, perioperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become a key technology in cardiac surgery, enhancing surgical success rates and patient safety.

Comprehensively prognostic and immunological analyses of GLP-1 signaling-related genes in pan-cancer and validation in colorectal cancer.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has crucial impact on glycemic control and weight loss physiologically. GLP-1 receptor agonists have been approved for treatment of diabetes and obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists exert anticancer effect in tumorigenesis and development.

Noninvasive Photothermal Therapy of Nasopharyngeal Cancer Guided by High Efficiency Optical-Absorption Nanomaterial Enhanced by NIR-II Photoacoustic Imaging.

Background: Photothermal therapy (PTT) guided by photoacoustic imaging (PAI) using nanoplatforms has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment due to its efficiency and accuracy. This study aimed to develop and synthesize novel second near-infrared region (NIR-II) absorption-conjugated polymer acceptor acrylate-substituted thiadiazoloquinoxaline-diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers (PATQ-DPP) designed specifically as photothermal and imaging contrast agents for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: The PATQ-DPP nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized for their optical properties, including low optical band gaps.

Imaging-based surrogate classification for risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion to adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Patients with microvascular invasion (MVI)-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have shown promising results with adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with FOLFOX after curative resection. We aim to develop an imaging-derived biomarker to depict MVI-positive HCC patients more precisely and promote individualized treatment strategies of adjuvant HAIC.

Materials And Methods: Patients with MVI-positive HCC were identified from five academic centers and utilized for model development (n=470).