Iron-Mediated Regulation in Adipose Tissue: A Comprehensive Review of Metabolism and Physiological Effects.

Purpose Of Review: Review the latest data regarding the intersection of adipose tissue (AT) and iron to meet the needs of AT metabolism and the progression of related diseases.

Recent Findings: Iron is involved in fundamental biological metabolic processes and is precisely fine-tuned within the body to maintain cellular, tissue and even systemic iron homeostasis. AT not only serves as an energy storage depot but also represents the largest endocrine organ in the human body, maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis.

The modulation of calcium and chloride channels induces cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells.

Ion channels play a crucial role in cardiac functions, and their activities exhibit dynamic changes during heart development. However, the precise function of ion channels in human heart development remains elusive. In this study, we utilized human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as a model to mimic the process of human embryonic heart development.

Autophagy Regulates Ferroptosis-Mediated Diabetic Liver Injury by Modulating the Degradation of ACSL4.

Diabetic liver injury is a serious complication due to the lack of effective treatments and the unclear pathogenesis. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death involving reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent lipid peroxidation (LPO), is closely linked to autophagy and diabetic complications. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the role of autophagy in regulating ferroptosis by modulating the degradation of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) in diabetic hepatocytes and its potential impact on diabetic liver injury.

Astragalus Polysaccharide Mitigates Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Inhibition of M1 Macrophage Polarization and the cGAS-STING Pathway.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of APS on acute kidney injury induced by rhabdomyolysis (RIAKI), exploring its association with macrophage M1 polarization and elucidating the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a normal control group, a RIAKI model group, and an APS treatment group. Techniques such as flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were employed to demonstrate that APS can inhibit the transition of renal macrophages to the M1 phenotype in RIAKI.

Unraveling the gut: the pivotal role of intestinal mechanisms in Kawasaki disease pathogenesis.

Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute systemic vasculitis that primarily affects children under 5 years of age, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in this age group. Recent studies propose a novel perspective on KD's etiology, emphasizing the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly the role of gut permeability. This review delves into how disruptions in gut barrier function trigger systemic inflammatory responses, exacerbate vascular inflammation, and contribute to coronary artery aneurysms.

Biodegradable silk fibroin membranes for potential localized treatment of melanoma: optimized preparation andstudy.

As a lethal skin cancer, melanoma is highly aggressive and metastatic with high recurrence rates and the common therapy is surgical resection followed by chemotherapy. To minimize the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs and prevent tumor recurrence, localized therapy is a more suitable treatment method. Here, a fully biodegradable silk fibroin (SF) membrane loaded with the therapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox) is fabricated for potential localized chemotherapy of melanoma.

Preoperative risk stratification of early-stage endometrial cancer assessed by multimodal magnetic resonance functional imaging.

Endometrial cancer is a common disease in women. Stratifying the risk of early-stage endometrial cancer can aid in personalized treatment for patients. Risk stratification is primarily based on tumor grade, histological type, lymph node metastasis, and depth of myometrial invasion.

Splicing factor SRSF1 attenuates cardiomyocytes apoptosis via regulating alternative splicing of Bcl2L12.

Background: Aberrant alternative splicing (AS) events, triggered by the alterations in serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), a member of the SR protein family, have been implicated in various pathological processes. However, the function and mechanism of SRSF1 in cardiovascular diseases remain unclear.

Results: In this study, we found that the expression of SRSF1 was significantly down-regulated in the hearts of mice with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and H9C2 cells exposed to HO.

Recent insights into RNA m5C methylation modification in hepatocellular carcinoma.

RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) methylation involves the addition of a methyl (-CH3) group to the cytosine (C) base within an RNA molecule, forming the m5C modification. m5C plays a role in numerous essential biological processes, including the regulation of RNA stability, nuclear export, and protein translation. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of m5C in the pathogenesis of various diseases, particularly tumors.

A nanodrug loading indocyanine green and metformin dually alleviating tumor hypoxia for enhanced chemodynamic/sonodynamic therapy.

As an emerging therapeutic method, the application of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is hindered by its intrinsic unsatisfactory efficiency, the tumor hypoxia and low tumor specificity. Here, we reported the design of a tumor-targeting multifunctional nanodrug for O-generation/O-economization dually enhanced SDT/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) combination therapy. After the co-encapsulation of sonosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor metformin (Met) into hollow MnO (H-MnO) nanoparticles, ICG/Met@H-MnO@MPN-FA (IMMMF) was conveniently prepared through the formation of metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) between Fe and folic acid (FA) immobilized tannic acid (TA, TA-FA) onto its surface.

Integrin β6/Annexin A2 axis triggers autophagy to orchestrate hepatocellular carcinoma radioresistance.

Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the main therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its effectiveness has been constrained due to the resistance effect of radiation. Thus, the factors involved in radioresistance are evaluated and the underlying molecular mechanisms are also done. In this present study, we identified Integrin β6 (ITGB6) as a potential radioresistant gene through an integrative analysis of transcriptomic profiles, proteome datasets and survival using HCC cases treated with IR.

Intestinal microflora and metabolites affect the progression of acute pancreatitis (AP).

Specific intestinal metabolites are closely associated with the classification, severity, and necrosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) and provide novel insights for in-depth clinical investigations. In this study, the gut microbiota and metabolites of 49 AP patients at different treatment stages and severities were analysed via 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics to investigate the trends in gut microbiota composition and metabolome profiles observed in patients with severe AP. These findings revealed an imbalance in intestinal flora homeostasis among AP patients characterized by a decrease in probiotics and an increase in opportunistic pathogens, which leads to damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier through reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) secretion and disruption of the intestinal epithelium.

oriTDB: a database of the origin-of-transfer regions of bacterial mobile genetic elements.

Conjugation and mobilization are two important pathways of horizontal transfer of bacterial mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The origin-of-transfer (oriT) region is crucial for this process, serving as a recognition site for relaxase and containing the DNA nicking site (nic site), which initiates the conjugation or mobilization. Here, we present a database of the origin-of-transfer regions of bacterial MGEs, oriTDB (https://bioinfo-mml.

Acquisition and reconstruction with motion suppression DWI enhance image quality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: Non-echo-planar DWI comparison with single-shot echo-planar DWI.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of application acquisition and reconstruction with motion suppression (ARMS) technology on improving the image quality of diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), compared to single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI).

Methods: A total of 90 patients with NPC underwent MR examination, including ARMS DWI and SS-EPI DWI sequences. Both DWI sequences were acquired with b-values 0 and 800 s/mm.

A deep-learning pipeline for the diagnosis and grading of common blinding ophthalmic diseases based on lesion-focused classification model.

Background: Glaucoma (GLAU), Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO), and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) are common blinding ophthalmic diseases worldwide.

Purpose: This approach is expected to enhance the early detection and treatment of common blinding ophthalmic diseases, contributing to the reduction of individual and economic burdens associated with these conditions.

Methods: We propose an effective deep-learning pipeline that combine both segmentation model and classification model for diagnosis and grading of four common blinding ophthalmic diseases and normal retinal fundus.

RIG-I is an intracellular checkpoint that limits CD8 T-cell antitumour immunity.

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a pattern recognition receptor involved in innate immunity, but its role in adaptive immunity, specifically in the context of CD8 T-cell antitumour immunity, remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that RIG-I is upregulated in tumour-infiltrating CD8 T cells, where it functions as an intracellular checkpoint to negatively regulate CD8 T-cell function and limit antitumour immunity. Mechanistically, the upregulation of RIG-I in CD8 T cells is induced by activated T cells, and directly inhibits the AKT/glycolysis signalling pathway.

The Prognostic Value of Combined LIN28B and IGF-1R in Colorectal Cancer.

Objective: LIN28B and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) play important roles in the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The relationship between LIN28B and IGF-1R and their co-expression role in CRC is unknown. This study aims to assess whether the combined detection of LIN28B and IGF-1R is a better predictor of prognosis in CRC than either marker alone.

ACSL6-activated IL-18R1-NF-κB promotes IL-18-mediated tumor immune evasion and tumor progression.

Aberrant activation of IL-18 signaling regulates tumor immune evasion and progression. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that long-chain acyl-CoA synthase 6 (ACSL6) is highly expressed in liver cancer and correlated with poor prognosis.

Transformable self-delivered supramolecular nanomaterials combined with anti-PD-1 antibodies alleviate tumor immunosuppression to treat breast cancer with bone metastasis.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor that threatens women's life and health, and metastasis often occurs in the advanced stage of breast cancer, leading to pathological bone destruction and seriously reducing patient quality of life. In this study, we coupled chlorin e6 (Ce6) with mono-(6-amino-6-deoxy)-beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to form Ce6-CD, and combined ferrocene with the FFVLGC peptide and PEG chains to form the triblock molecule Fc-pep-PEG. In addition, the IDO-1 inhibitor NLG919 was loaded with Ce6-CD and Fc-pep-PEG to construct the supramolecular nanoparticle NLG919@Ce6-CD/Fc-pep-PEG (NLG919@CF).

EBV-associated epithelial cancers cells promote vasculogenic mimicry formation via a secretory cross-talk with the immune microenvironment.

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection plays an important role in resistance to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in EBV-associated epithelial cancers; however, the interaction between VM and the immune microenvironment has not been systematically investigated. IHC and multiplex IHC analysis the relationships among tumour-associated macrophage (TAM), VM and EBV infection in EBV-associated epithelial cancer biopsies. and evidence using CRISPR-Cas9 system engineered EBV-infected epithelial cancer cells and mouse models support functional role and mechanism for M2c-like macrophages in the VM formation.

Postpartum depression and autoimmune disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: The rising prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) is harmful to women and families. While there is a growing body of evidence suggesting an association between PPD and autoimmune diseases (ADs), the direction of causality remains uncertain. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) study was employed to investigate the potential causal relationship between the two.