Cross- and Within-Language Associations Between Phonological, Lexical, and Grammatical Domains in Mandarin-English Bilingual Preschoolers in Singapore.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the associations of phonological, lexical, and grammatical skills within and between languages in Mandarin-English bilingual preschoolers.

Method: Sixty-three Singaporean Mandarin-English bilingual children aged 3-5 years were assessed for articulation, receptive vocabulary, and receptive grammar using standardized instruments in English and compatible tools in Mandarin. Regression analyses were performed on each language outcome, with other language variables as predictors, controlling for age, nonverbal working memory, and home language environment.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Orvacabtagene Autoleucel, an Autologous BCMA-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Product, in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: Orvacabtagene autoleucel (orva-cel; JCARH125), a CAR T-cell therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), was evaluated in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients in the EVOLVE phase 1/2 study (NCT03430011). We applied a modified piecewise model to characterize orva-cel transgene kinetics and assessed the impact of various covariates on its pharmacokinetics (PK).

Experimental Design: The population PK analysis included 159 patients from the EVOLVE study.

Screening of high glucose tolerant Escherichia coli for L-valine fermentation by autonomous evolutionary mutation.

L-valine holds wide-ranging applications in medicine, food, feed, and various industrial sectors. Escherichia coli, a pivotal strain in industrial L-valine production, features a concise fermentation period and a well-defined genetic background. This study focuses on mismatch repair genes (mutH, mutL, mutS, and recG) and genes associated with mutagenesis (dinB, rpoS, rpoD, and recA), employing a high-glucose adaptive culture in conjunction with metabolic modifications to systematically screen for superior phenotypes.

Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Characteristics of Fluorosis and Cuprotosis-Related Genes in Fluorosis Targeted Drugs.

This study aims to investigate the role of cuprotosis in fluorosis and identify potential targeted drugs for its treatment. The GSE70719 and GSE195920 datasets were merged using the inSilicoMerging package. DEGs between the exposure and control groups were found using R software.

Changes in Retinal Oxygen Saturation 1 Month After Femtosecond LASIK Treatment in Chinese Adults with Myopia.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare changes in retinal oxygen saturation 1 month after femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) in Chinese adults with myopia using retinal oximetry.

Methods: In this prospective, observational, single-center cohort study, Chinese adults aged 18-45 years with myopia were categorized into four groups according to spherical equivalent (SE), with 66 eyes characterized as low myopia (LM -3.00D < SE ≤ -0.

Shallow groundwater near a deep-well CO storage site-15 years of stable water quality for agricultural use.

Injecting CO into deep geological formations can be an effective carbon removal and storage technology to mitigate global climate change. Interaction of injected CO with rock formations changes pH and hydrochemistry within the deep injection zone (> 800 m depth). However, cap rocks and multiple tight aquitards typically act as barriers to protect the shallow aquifer from changes in the injection zone.

CDK5: Insights into its roles in diseases.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a unique member of the CDK family, is a proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase with critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Widely expressed in the central nervous system, CDK5 is strongly implicated in neurological diseases. Beyond its neurological roles, CDK5 is involved in metabolic disorders, psychiatric conditions, and tumor progression, contributing to processes such as proliferation, migration, immune evasion, genomic stability, and angiogenesis.

Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative MRI in assessing macrotrabecular-massive subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To determine the value of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting macrotrabecular-massive hepatocellular carcinoma (MTM-HCC).

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and Embase for studies evaluating the performance of MRI in assessing MTM-HCC. The quality assessment of diagnostic studies (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess the risk of bias.

A life course approach to examine cumulative impacts of parental migration on children's psychological well-being and education in Southeast Asia.

Researchers have raised concerns about parental migration's effects on various aspects of the left-behind children's development. However, there is limited understanding of how parental migration influences children over the life course. This study aimed to fill this gap by investigating how exposure to parental migration during childhood shapes later development in Indonesia and the Philippines, two major labor-sending countries in Southeast Asia.

Detecting CYP2C19 genes through an integrated CRISPR/Cas13a-assisted system.

CYP2C19 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) should be considered in the clinical use of clopidogrel as they have important guiding value for predicting the risk of bleeding and thrombosis after clopidogrel treatment. The CRISPR/Cas system is increasingly used for SNP detection owing to its single-nucleotide mismatch specificity. Simultaneous detection of multiple SNPs for rapid identification of the CYP2C19 genotype is important, but there is no method to detect a wide variety of CYP2C19 SNPs.

CircZmMED16 delays plant flowering by negatively regulating starch content through its binding to ZmAPS1.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of head-to-tail closed RNA molecules, have been implicated in various aspects of plant development and stress responses through transcriptome sequencing; however, the precise functional roles of circRNAs in plants remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a highly expressed circular RNA, circZmMED16, derived from exon 8 of the mediator complex subunit 16 (ZmMED16) across different maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using circRNA-seq analysis.

A synthetic biology approach for identifying de-SUMOylation enzymes of substrates.

A synthetic biology approach using a robust reconstitution system in Escherichia coli enables the identification of plant ubiquitin-like proteases responsible for removing the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) post-translational modifications from specific protein substrates.

Comparative Analysis of CXCR5 Circulating DNA Methylation Levels in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.

Objective: To assess CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) circulating DNA methylation differences in autoimmune rheumatic diseases and their relation with clinical features.

Methods: Targeted methylation sequencing was performed using peripheral blood from 164 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 30 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 30 ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 30 psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 24 Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients, and 30 healthy controls (HC).

Results: Significant differences in CXCR5 cg19599951 methylation were found between RA and HC, as well as AS and SLE.

Stay hungry for morality: the inhibitory effect of high moral identity and moral elevation on moral licensing.

Moral licensing, a phenomenon where initial moral behavior can lead to later immoral behavior, challenges the sustainability of moral behavior over short-term periods. In the framework of moral self-regulation, current research examined the inhibitory effects of high moral identity and moral elevation on moral licensing. Across three studies we consistently found that recalling past moral behavior can trigger moral licensing (Study 1, 2, 3).

Engineering a Novel NIR RNA-Specific Probe for Tracking Stress Granule Dynamics in Living Cells.

Real-time monitoring of the dynamics of cytosolic RNA-protein condensates, termed stress granules (SGs), is vital for understanding their biological roles in stress response and related disease treatment but is challenging due to the lack of simple and accurate methods. Compared with protein visualization that requires complex transfection procedures, direct RNA labeling offers an ideal alternative for tracking SG dynamics in living cells. Here, we propose a novel molecular design strategy to construct a near-infrared RNA-specific fluorescent probe () for tracking SGs in living cells.

Multiple-Signal Amplification Strategy to Fabricate an Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Magnetic Immunosensor for Detecting Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease via Iridium-Based Self-Enhancing Nanoemitters.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline, significantly impairing the daily life of elderly individuals. The low abundance of blood-based biomarkers in AD necessitates higher analytical technique requirements. Herein, one novel iridium-based ECL self-enhanced nanoemitter (TPrA@Ir-SiO) was unprecedentedly reported, and it was further used to construct an ultrasensitive ECL magnetic immunosensor by a multiple-signal amplification strategy to unequally sensitively and accurately detect the AD blood-based biomarker (P-tau181) in this work.

KRT9 is required for GBP5 suppression of human respiratory syncytial virus.

Unlabelled: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections continue to plague infants, young children, and older individuals worldwide. Since there is no specific treatment for RSV, characterizing the interactions between RSV and host factors remains crucial for the eventual development of robust therapeutic interventions. In our previous study, guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) was shown to promote excessive RSV-small hydrophobic (RSV-SH) protein secretion by microvesicles and inhibited viral replication.

Energy Aggregation for Illuminating Upconversion Multicolor Emission Based on Ho Ions.

Lanthanide-doped upconversion luminescent nanoparticles (UCNPs) have garnered extensive attention due to their notable anti-Stokes shifts and superior photostability. Notably, Ho-based UCNPs present a complex energy level configuration, which poses challenges in augmenting their luminescence efficiency. Herein, a rational design strategy was used to enhance the upconversion luminescence intensity of Ho ions by improving the photon absorption ability and energy utilization efficiency.

The Association of Persistent Hyperuricemia With Liver Function and the Management of Uric Acid Levels: Insights From a Three-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The association of long-term hyperuricemia with liver function remains less well understood. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between hyperuricemia and liver function as well as other metabolic and cardiovascular parameters.

Methods: We enrolled 375 participants with hyperuricemia and 599 normouricemic controls.

Equol Alleviates the In Vitro Aging-Induced Disruption of Porcine Oocytes.

Oocyte quality is crucial for determining the subsequent embryo developmental capacity and reproductive outcomes. However, aging is detrimental to oocyte quality. Previous studies have demonstrated that soy isoflavones have positive effects on the reproductive performance of female pigs.

Comparison between minimally invasive surgery and open surgery in managing localized adrenocortical carcinoma treatment: A retrospective propensity-matched study.

Background: It was controversial to use open surgery or minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact on prognosis between MIS and open surgery in patients with clinical stage I-II ACC.

Methods: Patients with stage I-II ACC from December 2000 to October 2022 were retrospectively studied.

Disrupted Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Functional Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease With Constipation.

Background: Constipation is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), which could manifest during the early stage of the disease. However, the etiology of constipation in PD remains largely unknown. Previous studies supported that gastrointestinal dysfunction may be associated with functional connectivity alterations in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN).

Extracellular Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles Affect the Progression of Diabetic Foot Ulcer by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus, the etiology of which remains insufficiently understood, particularly regarding the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, nanoflow cytometry to detect EVs in DFU skin tissues is used and found a significant increase in the Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 20 (TOM20) mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs). The role of MDVs in DFU is yet to be reported.