Altered gut microbial profiles in drug-treated rats with alcoholic heart disease.

Alcohol abuse can lead to significant cardiac injury, resulting in Alcoholic heart disease (AHD). The interplay between cardiac health and gut microbiota composition in the context of alcohol consumption is not well understood. Shen Song Yang Xin (SSYX) capsule and amiodarone are common drugs used to treat alcoholic heart disease, but little is known about their microbial regulatory mechanisms in alcoholic heart disease.

Causal association between bone mineral density and the risk of joint replacement in patients with osteoarthritis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Population-based studies have been inconsistent in terms of the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and the progression of osteoarthritis. This study aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between BMD and the risk of joint replacement in patients with osteoarthritis. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the association of BMD of the total body, femoral neck, and lumbar spine with the risk of hip and knee replacements.

Targeting Deltex E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 2 Inhibits Tumor-associated Neutrophils and Sensitizes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Immunotherapy.

Several E3 ligases have been found to affect the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and lead to the resistance of immunotherapy. In this study, genes of E3 ligases are screened based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Through cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF), flow cytometry, and further experiments, Deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 2 (DTX2) in HCC cells is identified to promote the infiltration and polarization of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) with a protumor phenotype, thus attenuating the infiltration and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells partially through C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine 6 (CXCL6).

Combination of spatial transcriptomics analysis and retrospective study reveals liver infection of SARS-COV-2 is associated with clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Background: Liver involvement is a common complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in hospitalized patients. However, the underlying mechanisms involved are not fully understood.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins was conducted on liver tissues from six patients with COVID-19.

Comprehensive analysis of PDE2A: a novel biomarker for prognostic value and immunotherapeutic potential in human cancers.

Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) plays a pivotal role in modulating cyclic nucleotide metabolism. Recent studies have shown that PDE2A is associated with some tumors, but its expression profiles, prognostic significance, and immunological roles in diverse cancer types remain unclear. Utilizing advanced bioinformatics tools, we performed a comprehensive analysis of PDE2A gene expression in multiple human cancers.

Pancreatic β cell interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha 1 deficiency impairs β cell function in type 2 diabetes via cytochrome b5 reductase 3.

Impaired β cell function is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying cellular signaling machineries that regulate β cell function remain unknown. Here, we identify that the interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha 1 (IL-22RA1), known as a co-receptor for IL-22, is downregulated in human and mouse T2D β cells. Mice with β cell Il22ra1 knockout (Il22ra1βKO) exhibit defective insulin secretion and impaired glucose tolerance after being fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or an HFD/low dose of streptozotocin (STZ).

Loss of Fbxo45 in AT2 cells leads to insufficient histone supply and initiates lung adenocarcinoma.

Dysregulation of histone supply is implicated in various cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that knockout of Fbxo45 in mouse alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells leads to spontaneous LUAD. Our findings reveal that FBXO45 is a novel cell-cycle-regulated protein that is degraded upon phosphorylation by CDK1 during the S/G2 phase.

ASAP1 promotes extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vitro and in vivo.

This study sought to identify the relationship between ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein (ASAP1) expression and clinical outcomes in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) patients. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of ASAP1 in cholangiocarcinoma (CC) tissue samples and cell lines. The survival rate and clinicopathological characteristics of CC patients were also examined.

Bioinspired micro- and nanostructured systems for cancer therapy.

Numerous organisms in nature have demonstrated enhanced biocompatibility, precise tumor targeting capabilities, and efficient tissue traversal within the human body. Drawing inspiration from these organisms, researchers have employed bioengineering, bioconjugation, and micro- or nanotechnology to fabricate bioinspired micro- and nanostructured systems. These systems play a crucial role in addressing the limitations of conventional anticancer drugs and nanomaterials concerning biocompatibility, effective penetration of physiological barriers, as well as selective tumor targeting, thereby leading to improved therapeutic efficacy while minimizing nonspecific adverse effects on healthy cells.

Pharmacokinetics of infigratinib and its active metabolites in Chinese patients with advanced gastric cancer harboring FGFR2 gene amplification.

Infigratinib, an FGFR1-3 selective oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown clinical activity in cancers with FGFR alterations. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of infigratinib and its major metabolites have been characterized in global populations. This study examined the PK profile of infigratinib and its metabolites in Chinese patients.

The impact of angiotensin-receptor neprilysin inhibitors on cardiovascular events and solute transport function in peritoneal dialysis patients: a multicenter retrospective controlled study.

Background: Whether angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events and improve peritoneal function in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to clarify the role of ARNI in PD patients.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study.

Comprehensive characterization of neddylation related genes in cutaneous melanoma identified a novel prognostic signature for treatment outcomes, immune landscape.

Neddylation, as a post-translational modification, has garnered significant attention in various tumor types recently. Few studies have investigated the involvement of neddylation-related genes (NRGs) in cutaneous melanoma (CM). Our study aims to identify prognostic NRGs and investigate their potential roles in CM.

Projections from subfornical organ to bed nucleus of the stria terminalis modulate inflammation-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice.

Peripheral inflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of sickness behaviors and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. The circumventricular organs (CVOs) are important brain sites to perceive peripheral inflammatory signals, but few studies have reported their role in inflammation-induced anxiety or depression. Using a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, we identified a previously unreported role of the subfornical organ (SFO), one of the CVOs, in combating inflammation-induced anxiety.

Multimodality Therapy and Survival Outcomes in Resectable Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Currently, optimal treatment strategy for resectable primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (PSmCCE) remains controversial. To address this, we conducted a multicenter study to evaluate treatment patterns and long-term survival of PSmCCE patients who underwent radical resection.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included resected PSmCCE patients who received radical resection at seven high-volume cancer centers.

Phase Ib study of the oral PI3Kδ inhibitor linperlisib in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Background: Patients with advanced solid tumors have a suboptimal prognosis. This study investigated the safety and feasibility of linperlisib, a selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3Kδ) inhibitor, for treating patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods: In this phase Ib, single-arm, open-label, multi-center clinical trial, patients with histologically confirmed advanced solid tumors from eight centers in China were enrolled to receive oral linperlisib (80 mg/day).

A novel regulatory axis of MSI2-AGO2/miR-30a-3p-CGRRF1 drives cancer chemoresistance by upregulating the KRAS/ERK pathway.

The KRAS/ERK pathway is crucial in cancer progression and chemotherapy resistance, yet its upstream regulatory mechanism remains elusive. We identified MSI2 as a new promoter of chemotherapy resistance in cancers. MSI2 directly binds to a specific class of mature miRNAs by recognizing the 'UAG' motif and interacts with the essential effector AGO2, highlighting MSI2 as a novel regulatory factor within the miRNA pathway.

Mediterranean diet lowers risk of new-onset diabetes: a nationwide cohort study in China.

Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown promising results in preventing type 2 diabetes, particularly in Mediterranean and European populations. However, the applicability of these benefits to non-Mediterranean populations is unclear, with contradictory findings in the literature.

Methods: In this study, we included 12,575 participants without diabetes at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).

Application of Fluorescent Composite Materials as a Sustained Release System in Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial disease characterized by oxidative stress and follicular dysfunction, leading to menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, and infertility. Traditional drug delivery methods often result in drug loss and side effects on normal tissues. To address these issues, we synthesized two novel Co(II)-containing coordination polymers (CPs), {[Co(L)(HO)]·2HO}n (1) and {[Co(L)(HO)]·1.

Optimal Evidence Summary for Discharge Preparation in Elderly Chemotherapy Patients.

Objective: This study aims to systematically search, screen, evaluate, and synthesize evidence related to discharge preparation for elderly chemotherapy patients, providing an evidence-based reference for implementing discharge preparation services for this demographic.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted on databases including BMJ Best Clinical Practice, JBI Library, UpToDate Clinical Advisor, Cochrane Library, and relevant guideline websites. The collected literature comprised thematic summaries, clinical practice guidelines, technical reports, expert consensus, and systematic reviews related to discharge preparation for elderly chemotherapy patients.

Silencing AREG Enhances Sensitivity to Irradiation by Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Background: It has been established that Spalt-Like Transcription Factor 4 (SALL4) promotes Colorectal Cancer (CRC) cell proliferation. Furthermore, Amphiregulin (AREG) is crucially involved in cancer cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance regulation. In this regard, this study aimed to establish whether SALL4 affects the radiosensitization of CRC cells via AREG expression regulation.