Associations Between Regional Environment and Cornea-Related Morphology of the Eye in Young Adults: A Large-Scale Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To investigate environmental factors associated with corneal morphologic changes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, which enrolled adults of the Han ethnicity aged 18 to 44 years from 20 cities. The cornea-related morphology was measured using an ocular anterior segment analysis system.

Melatonin ameliorates oxidative stress-mediated injuries through induction of HO-1 and restores autophagic flux in dry eye.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of melatonin on the corneal epithelium in dry eye disease(DED) and explore its underlying mechanism. Human corneal epithelial(HCE) cells was exposure to t-butylhydroperoxide(tBH), C57BL/6 mice were injected of subcutaneous scopolamine to imitate DED. Melatonin was used both in vivo and in vitro.

Polar value analysis of astigmatic change and rotational stability after implantation of V4c toric implantable collamer lens.

Background: To evaluate the clinical results and rotational stability of V4c toric implantable collamer lens (TICL, STAAR Surgical Company, Monrovia, CA, USA) in patients with moderate to high myopic astigmatism. Retrospective, interventional case series was performed at Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.

Methods: This study enrolled 43 patients (72 eyes) who received TICL implantation to correct myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Screening and identifying hepatobiliary diseases through deep learning using ocular images: a prospective, multicentre study.

Background: Ocular changes are traditionally associated with only a few hepatobiliary diseases. These changes are non-specific and have a low detection rate, limiting their potential use as clinically independent diagnostic features. Therefore, we aimed to engineer deep learning models to establish associations between ocular features and major hepatobiliary diseases and to advance automated screening and identification of hepatobiliary diseases from ocular images.

[Reflections on surgical treatment of congenital cataract].

Congenital cataract is the first main cause of avoidable blindness in children. The manifestations of congenital cataract are diverse and complex, often associated with other ocular structural abnormalities. The infantile eyeballs are in the growth and development stage, the structure of eyeball wall is fragile, and the blood-ocular barrier is immature.

Development and validation of a deep learning system to screen vision-threatening conditions in high myopia using optical coherence tomography images.

Background/aims: To apply deep learning technology to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system that can identify vision-threatening conditions in high myopia patients based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular images.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, prospective study, a total of 5505 qualified OCT macular images obtained from 1048 high myopia patients admitted to Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre (ZOC) from 2012 to 2017 were selected for the development of the AI system. The independent test dataset included 412 images obtained from 91 high myopia patients recruited at ZOC from January 2019 to May 2019.

Exploring non-adherence to contact lens wear schedule: Subjective assessments and patient related factors in children wearing single vision and myopia control contact lenses.

Purpose: To determine factors associated with non-adherence to contact lens wear schedule involving single vision and myopia control contact lenses in children.

Methods: Data from 379 children enrolled in a prospective, double masked, randomized clinical trial, aged 8-13 years, cycloplegic spherical equivalent of -0.75 to -3.

The SUSTech-SYSU dataset for automated exudate detection and diabetic retinopathy grading.

Automated detection of exudates from fundus images plays an important role in diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening and evaluation, for which supervised or semi-supervised learning methods are typically preferred. However, a potential limitation of supervised and semi-supervised learning based detection algorithms is that they depend substantially on the sample size of training data and the quality of annotations, which is the fundamental motivation of this work. In this study, we construct a dataset containing 1219 fundus images (from DR patients and healthy controls) with annotations of exudate lesions.

Deep learning from "passive feeding" to "selective eating" of real-world data.

Artificial intelligence (AI) based on deep learning has shown excellent diagnostic performance in detecting various diseases with good-quality clinical images. Recently, AI diagnostic systems developed from ultra-widefield fundus (UWF) images have become popular standard-of-care tools in screening for ocular fundus diseases. However, in real-world settings, these systems must base their diagnoses on images with uncontrolled quality ("passive feeding"), leading to uncertainty about their performance.

Comparison of CRISPR/Cas Endonucleases for Retinal Gene Editing.

CRISPR/Cas has opened the prospect of direct gene correction therapy for some inherited retinal diseases. Previous work has demonstrated the utility of adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated delivery to retinal cells ; however, with the expanding repertoire of CRISPR/Cas endonucleases, it is not clear which of these are most efficacious for retinal editing . We sought to compare CRISPR/Cas endonuclease activity using both single and dual AAV delivery strategies for gene editing in retinal cells.

Validation of handheld fundus camera with mydriasis for retinal imaging of diabetic retinopathy screening in China: a prospective comparison study.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical validity of using a handheld fundus camera to detect diabetic retinopathy (DR) in China.

Design And Settings: Prospective comparison study of the handheld fundus camera with a standard validated instrument in detection of DR in hospital and a community screening clinic in Guangdong Province, China.

Participants: Participants aged 18 years and over with diabetes who were able to provide informed consent and agreed to attend the dilated eye examination with handheld tests and a standard desktop camera.

Survey report on keratoplasty in China: A 5-year review from 2014 to 2018.

To provide the general information on corneal transplantation (CT) in China, China Cornea Society designed a questionnaire on CT from 2014 to 2018 and entrusted it to 31 committee members for implementation of the survey nationwide. This article presents the results of the survey and compares the indicators used in the survey and those in the annual statistical report released by the Eye Bank Association of America (EBAA). The number of corneal transplantations completed by the 64 hospitals from 2014 to 2018 was respectively 5377, 6394, 7595, 8270 and 8980, totally 36,616 (22,959 male and 13,657 female).

Genetic landscape and autoimmunity of monocytes in developing Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting multiple organs, including eyes, skin, and central nervous system. It is known that monocytes significantly contribute to the development of autoimmune disease. However, the subset heterogeneity with unique functions and signatures in human circulating monocytes and the identity of disease-specific monocytic populations remain largely unknown.

Deep learning for automated glaucomatous optic neuropathy detection from ultra-widefield fundus images.

Background/aims: To develop a deep learning system for automated glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) detection using ultra-widefield fundus (UWF) images.

Methods: We trained, validated and externally evaluated a deep learning system for GON detection based on 22 972 UWF images from 10 590 subjects that were collected at 4 different institutions in China and Japan. The InceptionResNetV2 neural network architecture was used to develop the system.

A drug-tunable Flt23k gene therapy for controlled intervention in retinal neovascularization.

Gene therapies that chronically suppress vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represent a new approach for managing retinal vascular leakage and neovascularization. However, constitutive suppression of VEGF in the eye may have deleterious side effects. Here, we developed a novel strategy to introduce Flt23k, a decoy receptor that binds intracellular VEGF, fused to the destabilizing domain (DD) of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into the retina.

[Prevention of blindness and ophthalmic epidemiology in China over the past 70 years].

Prevention of blindness is of paramount importance for eye care and health care in China. In the past 70 years, we have embraced a lot of advancements in practice, manpower and landmark studies for the prevention of blindness and development of ophthalmic epidemiology. This summary is dedicated to our predecessors and successors for their contributions to the progress of ophthalmology in China, particularly workers in the field of prevention of blindness and ophthalmic epidemiology.

Development of optometry in the People's Republic of China.

The significant economic growth in China has resulted in a better quality of life. In order to cope with the demand for quality eye care, there are plans to increase the number of optometric personnel and to standardise the comprehensive eye-care services. This review aims to update the current educational programs in optometry and the regulations pertaining to the practice of optometry in China.

Restoration of Foveal Bulge after Resolution of Diabetic Macular Edema with Coexisting Serous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of restoration of foveal bulge (FB) in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images on visual acuity after resolution of diabetic macular edema with coexisting serous retinal detachment (SRD-DME).

Methods: A total of 52 eyes with resolved SRD-DME and an intact ellipsoid zone at the central fovea were included. All eyes underwent best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) examination and OCT scanning at baseline and follow-up visits (1, 3, and 6 months).

Conjunctival microvascular responses to anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with dry eye.

Purpose: This study characterized conjunctival microvascular morphological and haemodynamic responses after anti-inflammatory treatment in dry eye (DE).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five patients with moderate DE (17 females and 8 males aged 48 ± 16 years) who underwent anti-inflammatory therapy (0.1% fluorometholone) and 25 healthy subjects (20 females and 5 males aged 48 ± 17 years) recruited as controls were enrolled.

Evaluation of integrated modular teaching in Chinese ophthalmology trainee courses.

Background: Before attending ophthalmology trainee courses in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, the medical students from Sun Yat-sen University had finished two years of premedical education after the six-year medical courses including basic medical courses, clinical medical courses, clerkship, and research training in medical college. Integrated modular teaching using different problem-based teaching methods in ophthalmology was designed by the teaching steering committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and satisfaction scales of the integrated modular teaching among the trainee students.

One year results of presbyLASIK using hybrid bi-aspheric micro-monovision ablation profile in correction of presbyopia and myopic astigmatism.

Aim: To analyze one year clinical outcomes and subjective rating of hybrid bi-aspheric multifocal central presbyLASIK with micro-monovision for correction of presbyopia and myopic astigmatism.

Methods: Seventy-four eyes of 37 patients consecutively treated with presbyLASIK were assessed. The mean age of the patients was 43.

Early Application of Bevacizumab After Sclerocorneal Grafting for Patients With Severe Late-Stage Ocular Chemical Burns.

Purpose: To investigate whether subconjunctival bevacizumab help prevent corneal graft neovascularization and prolong the graft survival of patients with chemical burns.

Methods: We performed a prospective nonrandomized comparative case series study. Twenty-six eyes received subconjunctival bevacizumab (10 mg/0.